Thesis Investigación experimental de la combustión de la mezcla de gas licuado de petróleo con hidrógeno en un quemador industrial
Loading...
Date
2025
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Program
Ingeniería Civil Mecánica
Departament
Campus
Campus Santiago San Joaquín
Abstract
El presente trabajo evalúa la viabilidad técnica y operativa de integrar hidrógeno en la combustión de Gas Licuado de Petróleo (GLP) en un quemador industrial montado en un horno isotérmico, con el objetivo de mitigar los impactos ambientales asociados al uso intensivo de combustibles fósiles. Para ello, se implementa un sistema experimental que integra el suministro de GLP, hidrógeno y aire, realizando pruebas con diversas concentraciones de hidrógeno y analizando tanto las emisiones como los balances energéticos del proceso. Los resultados revelaron que, al aumentar la fracción de hidrógeno, se observa una reducción progresiva en las emisiones de CO₂, esperada por la disminución de carbono en la mezcla, y una presencia de hidrógeno no quemado para la potencia mayor evaluada desde una concentración volumétrica del 20%. En el análisis energético se encontró que, para una potencia de 33,70 kW, la eficiencia térmica se estabiliza y alcanza su valor máximo de aproximadamente 90% a una concentración del 15% de hidrógeno; mientras que, a 42,47 kW, pese a registrar mayores pérdidas de calor en los gases de escape y la presencia de hidrógeno libre, la eficiencia térmica mejora progresivamente hasta alcanzar un óptimo cercano al 80% a 30% de hidrógeno.
The present study evaluates the technical and operational feasibility of integrating hydrogen into the combustion of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) in an industrial burner mounted on an isothermal furnace, aiming to mitigate the environmental impacts associated with the intensive use of fossil fuels. To this end, an experimental system is implemented, integrating the supply of LPG, hydrogen, and air, conducting tests with various hydrogen concentrations, and analyzing both emissions and the energy balances of the process. The results revealed that increasing the hydrogen fraction leads to a progressive reduction in CO₂ emissions, as expected due to the decreased carbon content in the mixture, and an occurrence of unburned hydrogen at the highest evaluated power level from a volumetric concentration of 20%. The energy analysis found that, for a power output of 33.70 kW, thermal efficiency stabilizes and reaches its maximum value of approximately 90% at a hydrogen concentration of 15%. Meanwhile, at 42.47 kW, despite higher heat losses in the exhaust gases and the presence of free hydrogen, thermal efficiency progressively improves, reaching an optimum of approximately 80% at 30% hydrogen concentration.
The present study evaluates the technical and operational feasibility of integrating hydrogen into the combustion of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) in an industrial burner mounted on an isothermal furnace, aiming to mitigate the environmental impacts associated with the intensive use of fossil fuels. To this end, an experimental system is implemented, integrating the supply of LPG, hydrogen, and air, conducting tests with various hydrogen concentrations, and analyzing both emissions and the energy balances of the process. The results revealed that increasing the hydrogen fraction leads to a progressive reduction in CO₂ emissions, as expected due to the decreased carbon content in the mixture, and an occurrence of unburned hydrogen at the highest evaluated power level from a volumetric concentration of 20%. The energy analysis found that, for a power output of 33.70 kW, thermal efficiency stabilizes and reaches its maximum value of approximately 90% at a hydrogen concentration of 15%. Meanwhile, at 42.47 kW, despite higher heat losses in the exhaust gases and the presence of free hydrogen, thermal efficiency progressively improves, reaching an optimum of approximately 80% at 30% hydrogen concentration.
Description
Keywords
Hidrógeno, Combustión, Quemador industrial
