Thesis Extracción de compuestos bioactivos desde orujo de arándano mediante ultrasonido
Loading...
Date
2026-06
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Program
Ingeniería Civil Química
Campus
Campus Santiago San Joaquín
Abstract
El creciente volumen de residuos agroindustriales generado por la industria de berries plantea la necesidad de estrategias de revalorización orientadas a recuperar compuestos bioactivos de alto valor. En particular, el orujo de arándano contiene una fracción importante de polifenoles y otros fitoquímicos con actividad antioxidante, susceptibles de ser recuperados mediante procesos de extracción adecuados. En este trabajo se estudió la revalorización del orujo de arándano mediante maceración hidroetanólica convencional y extracción asistida por ultrasonido (UAE). La maceración se evaluó mediante metodología de superficie de respuesta, utilizando un diseño central compuesto centrado en las caras, con el fin de optimizar el contenido de polifenoles totales extraídos (TPC, mg GAE/g DW) y el rendimiento total de extracción. Como variables independientes se consideraron el tiempo de extracción, la temperatura y la concentración de etanol en la mezcla hidroetanólica. El tiempo de extracción se evaluó en el intervalo de 20 a 60 min, la temperatura en el rango de 20 a 60 °C y la concentración de etanol entre 20 y 80 % v/v. Los modelos ajustados permitieron determinar condiciones óptimas distintas para ambas respuestas. La mayor recuperación de polifenoles se obtuvo a t = 60 min, T = 60 °C y 40 % v/v de etanol, alcanzando aproximadamente un 42 % del TPC extraíble determinado mediante extracción metanólica ácida. En cambio, el mayor rendimiento total de extracción se obtuvo a las mismas condiciones de tiempo y temperatura, pero con 60 % v/v de etanol, alcanzando cerca de un 33 % de la masa inicial de orujo en base seca. Posteriormente, se evaluó(...).
The increasing volume of agro-industrial residues generated by the berry industry highlights the need for valorization strategies aimed at recovering high-value bioactive compounds. In particular, blueberry pomace contains a significant fraction of polyphenols and other antioxidant phytochemicals that can be recovered through suitable extraction processes. In this work, blueberry pomace valorization was studied through conventional hydroethanolic maceration and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). Maceration was evaluated using response surface methodology and a face-centered central composite design to optimize total phenolic content (TPC, mg GAE/g DW) and total extraction yield. The independent variables were extraction time, temperature, and ethanol concentration in the hydroethanolic mixture. Extraction time was evaluated over the range of 20–60 min, temperature from 20 to 60 °C, and ethanol concentration between 20 and 80% v/v. The fitted models showed different optimum conditions for each response. The highest polyphenol recovery was obtained at t = 60 min, T = 60 °C, and 40% v/v ethanol, reaching approximately 42% of the TPC determined by acidified methanolic extraction. In contrast, the highest total extraction yield was obtained at the same time and temperature conditions, but with 60% v/v ethanol, reaching about 33% of the initial dry-basis pomace mass. Subsequently, UAE was evaluated(...).
The increasing volume of agro-industrial residues generated by the berry industry highlights the need for valorization strategies aimed at recovering high-value bioactive compounds. In particular, blueberry pomace contains a significant fraction of polyphenols and other antioxidant phytochemicals that can be recovered through suitable extraction processes. In this work, blueberry pomace valorization was studied through conventional hydroethanolic maceration and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). Maceration was evaluated using response surface methodology and a face-centered central composite design to optimize total phenolic content (TPC, mg GAE/g DW) and total extraction yield. The independent variables were extraction time, temperature, and ethanol concentration in the hydroethanolic mixture. Extraction time was evaluated over the range of 20–60 min, temperature from 20 to 60 °C, and ethanol concentration between 20 and 80% v/v. The fitted models showed different optimum conditions for each response. The highest polyphenol recovery was obtained at t = 60 min, T = 60 °C, and 40% v/v ethanol, reaching approximately 42% of the TPC determined by acidified methanolic extraction. In contrast, the highest total extraction yield was obtained at the same time and temperature conditions, but with 60% v/v ethanol, reaching about 33% of the initial dry-basis pomace mass. Subsequently, UAE was evaluated(...).
Description
Keywords
Extracción asistida por ultrasonido, Compuestos bioactivos, Metodología de superficie de respuesta, Valorización de residuos agroindustriales
