Thesis Diseño de estrategia de mantenimiento centrada en riesgos para la red de tuberías del agua de procesos en la molienda SAG en división de empresa minera de cobre de la región de Valparaíso
Date
2026-03
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Program
Ingeniería Civil Mecánica
Departament
Campus
Campus Casa Central Valparaíso
Abstract
La minería del cobre enfrentó el desafío permanente de maximizar la disponibilidad de activos críticos para sostener la continuidad operacional. En este contexto, la Molienda SAG constituyó un eslabón determinante de la cadena de valor, donde la confiabilidad de la red de tuberías de agua de procesos resultó decisiva, aunque históricamente fue subvalorada. Este trabajo diseñó una estrategia de mantenimiento centrada en riesgos para la red de agua de procesos del área SAG en una faena de la Región de Valparaíso. La problemática abordada se relacionó con tasas elevadas de fallas imprevistas y degradación acelerada por incrustación y desgaste, que previamente fueron gestionadas bajo un enfoque reactivo. La metodología integró el marco SOMA con RCM para válvulas e instrumentación y una adaptación de RBI (API 581) para ductos, jerarquizando activos mediante matrices de riesgo/criticidad (PoF × CoF) y definiendo planes matrices diferenciados (correctivo programado, preventivo y predictivo). La evaluación económica consideró explícitamente el capital de trabajo. En el escenario base, la estrategia resultó financieramente viable: VAN = 40,8 kUSD, TIR ≈ 27% y PAYBACK ≈ 3,5 años. El punto de equilibrio se alcanzó con la evitación de solo 0,93 horas/año de detención no programada. Adicionalmente, se validó el Límite Económico de Reparación (ERL) para decidir entre reparar o reemplazar válvulas clave, y se propuso una hoja de ruta de escalabilidad y evolución hacia monitoreo en línea. La estrategia resultante permitió transitar desde la reactividad hacia una gestión proactiva basada en riesgo, optimizando recursos y habilitando su replicabilidad en otras redes críticas de la Planta Concentradora.
Copper mining faced the constant challenge of maximizing the availability of critical assets to sustain operational continuity. In this context, SAG Milling constituted a decisive link in the value chain, where the reliability of the process water piping network proved to be critical, although historically undervalued. This work designed a risk-centered maintenance strategy for the process water network of the SAG area at a mining site in the Valparaíso Region. The addressed problem related to high rates of unforeseen failures and accelerated degradation due to scaling and wear, which were previously managed under a reactive approach. The methodology integrated the SOMA framework with RCM for valves and instrumentation, and an adaptation of RBI (API 581) for pipelines, ranking assets through risk/criticality matrices (PoF × CoF) and defining differentiated master plans (scheduled corrective, preventive, and predictive). The economic evaluation explicitly considered working capital. In the base scenario, the strategy proved to be financially viable: NPV = 40,8 kUSD, IRR ≈ 27 %, and PAYBACK ≈ 3,5 years. The break-even point was reached by avoiding only 0,93 hours/year of unscheduled downtime. Additionally, the Economic Repair Limit (ERL) was validated to decide between repairing or replacing key valves, and a roadmap for scalability and evolution toward online monitoring was proposed. The resulting strategy allowed for a transition from reactivity to proactive risk-based management, optimizing resources and enabling its replicability in other critical networks of the Concentrator Plant.
Copper mining faced the constant challenge of maximizing the availability of critical assets to sustain operational continuity. In this context, SAG Milling constituted a decisive link in the value chain, where the reliability of the process water piping network proved to be critical, although historically undervalued. This work designed a risk-centered maintenance strategy for the process water network of the SAG area at a mining site in the Valparaíso Region. The addressed problem related to high rates of unforeseen failures and accelerated degradation due to scaling and wear, which were previously managed under a reactive approach. The methodology integrated the SOMA framework with RCM for valves and instrumentation, and an adaptation of RBI (API 581) for pipelines, ranking assets through risk/criticality matrices (PoF × CoF) and defining differentiated master plans (scheduled corrective, preventive, and predictive). The economic evaluation explicitly considered working capital. In the base scenario, the strategy proved to be financially viable: NPV = 40,8 kUSD, IRR ≈ 27 %, and PAYBACK ≈ 3,5 years. The break-even point was reached by avoiding only 0,93 hours/year of unscheduled downtime. Additionally, the Economic Repair Limit (ERL) was validated to decide between repairing or replacing key valves, and a roadmap for scalability and evolution toward online monitoring was proposed. The resulting strategy allowed for a transition from reactivity to proactive risk-based management, optimizing resources and enabling its replicability in other critical networks of the Concentrator Plant.
Description
Keywords
Mantenimiento Centrado en Riesgos, Molienda SAG, Gestión de Activos, Confiabilidad Operacional, Minería
