Thesis Análisis y validación de datos satelitales de NO₂ troposférico y superficial para Chile en el periodo 2018-2024
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Date
2026-01
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Program
Ingeniería Civil Mecánica
Departament
Campus
Campus Santiago San Joaquín
Abstract
Esta investigación se centró en el análisis y validación de la concentración de dióxido de nitrógeno (NO₂) superficial en Chile para el periodo 2018–2024, con el fin de establecer la teledetección como un complemento eficaz a la limitada cobertura de la red nacional de monitoreo terrestre (SINCA). El objetivo principal fue cuantificar la variación espacio-temporal de las concentraciones de NO₂ superficial, integrando datos satelitales troposféricos con mediciones en terreno. Para ello, se desarrolló un ecosistema de software con una interfaz gráfica de usuario (GUI) y un algoritmo de descarga automatizada basado en Sentinel Hub, para datos TROPOMI Nivel 2. La metodología de transformación cumplió el objetivo de elaborar un proceso de conversión robusto. Se implementó una fórmula de conversión columna-superficie, basada en el planteamiento de Savenets, utilizando la Altura de la Capa Límite Planetaria, por sus siglas en inglés BLH, del reanálisis ERA5 como factor dinámico para ajustar la dispersión atmosférica del contaminante. Resultados y cumplimiento de objetivos: la transformación validada demostró ser altamente eficaz. El contraste estadístico con las mediciones de superficie (SINCA), mediante el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson, arrojó un valor promedio general de 0,81, superando el umbral de aceptación de 0,75 establecido en la metodología. En las estaciones con un alto porcentaje de datos validados, como en la Región Metropolitana, por ejemplo Pudahuel 2023 y Las Condes 2022, el satélite TROPOMI logró capturar la misma tendencia y comportamiento de las concentraciones que la red de monitoreo. Asimismo, se confirmó un marcado ciclo anual, con concentraciones máximas en otoño e invierno, particularmente en abril y mayo, lo cual es consistente con la estabilidad atmosférica y la menor tasa de fotólisis en estos periodos. No obstante, se identificó una limitación crítica, ya que la eficacia del modelo está fuertemente condicionada por la calidad de los datos terrestres. Regiones con gran densidad de registros no validados o preliminares, como Antofagasta y Valparaíso, mostraron una correlación significativamente baja o divergente(...).
This research focused on the analysis and validation of surface nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentration in Chile for the 2018-2024 period, aiming to establish remote sensing as an effective complement to the limited coverage of the ground monitoring network (SINCA). The main objective was to quantify the spatiotemporal variation of surface NO2 concentrations by integrating tropospheric satellite data with ground-based measurements. To this end, a software ecosystem was developed featuring a graphical user interface (GUI) and an automated download algorithm based on Sentinel Hub (for TROPOMI Level 2 data). The transformation methodology met the objective of developing a robust conversion process. A column-to-surface conversion formula was implemented (based on Savenets' approach), utilizing the Planetary Boundary Layer Height (BLH) from the ERA5 reanalysis as a dynamic factor to adjust for the atmospheric dispersion of the pollutant. Results and Achievement of Objectives: 1. Validated Transformation: The conversion methodology proved to be highly effective. The statistical comparison with surface measurements (SINCA) using the Pearson correlation coefficient () yielded an overall average value close to 0.81, exceeding the acceptance threshold of 0.75 established in the methodology. 2. Optimal Correlation: In stations with a high percentage of validated data, such as in the Metropolitan Region (e.g., Pudahuel 2023 with and Las Condes 2022 with ), the TROPOMI satellite successfully captured the same trend and behavior of concentrations as the monitoring network. 3. Seasonal Variability: A marked annual cycle was confirmed, with maximum concentrations in autumn and winter (April and May), which is consistent with atmospheric stability and lower photolysis rates during these periods. 4. Limitations: A critical limitation was identified: the model's efficacy is strongly conditioned by the quality of ground data. Regions with a high density of non-validated or preliminary records (such as Antofagasta and Valparaíso) showed significantly low or divergent correlations(...).
This research focused on the analysis and validation of surface nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentration in Chile for the 2018-2024 period, aiming to establish remote sensing as an effective complement to the limited coverage of the ground monitoring network (SINCA). The main objective was to quantify the spatiotemporal variation of surface NO2 concentrations by integrating tropospheric satellite data with ground-based measurements. To this end, a software ecosystem was developed featuring a graphical user interface (GUI) and an automated download algorithm based on Sentinel Hub (for TROPOMI Level 2 data). The transformation methodology met the objective of developing a robust conversion process. A column-to-surface conversion formula was implemented (based on Savenets' approach), utilizing the Planetary Boundary Layer Height (BLH) from the ERA5 reanalysis as a dynamic factor to adjust for the atmospheric dispersion of the pollutant. Results and Achievement of Objectives: 1. Validated Transformation: The conversion methodology proved to be highly effective. The statistical comparison with surface measurements (SINCA) using the Pearson correlation coefficient () yielded an overall average value close to 0.81, exceeding the acceptance threshold of 0.75 established in the methodology. 2. Optimal Correlation: In stations with a high percentage of validated data, such as in the Metropolitan Region (e.g., Pudahuel 2023 with and Las Condes 2022 with ), the TROPOMI satellite successfully captured the same trend and behavior of concentrations as the monitoring network. 3. Seasonal Variability: A marked annual cycle was confirmed, with maximum concentrations in autumn and winter (April and May), which is consistent with atmospheric stability and lower photolysis rates during these periods. 4. Limitations: A critical limitation was identified: the model's efficacy is strongly conditioned by the quality of ground data. Regions with a high density of non-validated or preliminary records (such as Antofagasta and Valparaíso) showed significantly low or divergent correlations(...).
Description
Keywords
Dióxido de nitrógeno (NO2), Teledetección espacial, Validación de datos satelitales, Calidad del aire, TROPOMI, Sentinel-5P, SINCA, Contaminación atmosférica
