Thesis Factibilidad de instalación de un sistema generador fotovoltaico on-grid en aeropuertos, aplicado al caso Arturo Merino Benitez.
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Date
2016-06
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Program
Ingeniería en Aviación Comercial
Departament
Campus
Campus Santiago Vitacura
Abstract
En los últimos años, el transporte aéreo ha sufrido una gran evolución cobrando una gran importancia mundial en el transporte de pasajeros. Si nos fijamos en el flujo de pasajeros de cualquier aeropuerto vemos que ha crecido notablemente.
Sin embargo, este crecimiento ha aumentado la problemática de la contaminación atmosférica, ya sea acústica o por emisión de gases. Además de la tendencia preponderante al alza del valor de la energía en Chile, justificada por la escasez de esta, ha afectado a diversos sectores productivos del país incluyendo el sector aeronáutico ha llevado a empresas e instituciones a replantearse la forma de satisfacer sus necesidades energéticas, principalmente aquellas asociadas a la energía eléctrica.
Debido a este escenario, es que se plantea la opción de implementar un sistema generador fotovoltaico en el futuro próximo, para satisfacer parte de la demanda energética del subsistema de energía eléctrica utilizada en el aeropuerto Arturo Merino Benítez, e intentar de esta manera disminuir los gastos asociados al consumo eléctrico.
El trabajo de titulación que se desarrolla a continuación está orientado hacia el diseño de un sistema generador fotovoltaico on-grid, desde una perspectiva a nivel de ingeniería básica, para abastecer la demanda energética, en ciertas horas del día, y poder así contribuir a las actividades de realizadas en las dependencias del aeropuerto más importante del país y reducir sus costos operacionales.
La principal característica de una instalación fotovoltaica on-grid es que la instalación está conectada directamente a la red, de manera que mientras se genere energía durante el día, esta energía será transformada mediante un inversor de corriente alterna y, tras haber sido transformada en valores correctos de tensión podrá ser vertida finalmente a la red para su inmediata utilización.
Para tales efectos, se analizarán y estudiarán las mejores alternativas en cuanto a diseño, equipos, componentes y accesorios del sistema en su conjunto, amparándose en aquellos criterios que establecen parámetros confiables desde el punto de vista eléctrico, de la mecánica estructural y económica, conforme a la norma chilena que regula este tipo de instalaciones.
A partir del presente trabajo se pretende dar cumplimiento al tema propuesto, y con ello generar las directrices que permitan evaluar de adecuada forma la factibilidad técnica y económica del proyecto.
Finalmente se establecen las conclusiones y recomendaciones correspondientes, las cuales complementan y dan contestación a los objetivos planteados en un principio.
In recent years, air transport has undergone a major evolution taking on great global importance in transportation of passengers. The flow of passengers of any airport has grown significantly. However, this growth has increased the problem of air pollution, either acoustic or emission gases. In addition to the prevailing upward trend in the value of energy in Chile, justified by the lack of this has affected various sectors of the country including the industry has led to companies and institutions to rethink how to meet their energy needs, mainly those associated with electrical energy. Because this scenario is the option of implementing a photovoltaic generator system in the near future, to meet part of the energy demand of electric power subsystem used in the Arturo Merino Benitez Airport, and try thereby reducing expenses arises associated power consumption. Work degree that develops then is oriented towards the design of an on-grid photovoltaic generator system, from a level perspective basic engineering, to supply energy demand at certain times of day, and thus contributing to the activities in the premises of the country's most important airport and reduce operational costs. The main feature of a photovoltaic on-grid is that the installation is connected directly to the network, so that while energy generated during the day, this energy will be transformed by an inverter AC and, having been transformed into values correct voltage may be finally fed into the grid for immediate use. For this purpose, an analytical study of the best alternatives in design, equipment, components and accessories of the system as a whole will be held, relying on those criteria that establish reliable parameters from the electrical point of view, structural and economic mechanics, under Chilean rule governing such facilities. From the present work it is to comply with the proposed issue, and thus generate guidelines to adequately assess the technical and economic feasibility of the project.
In recent years, air transport has undergone a major evolution taking on great global importance in transportation of passengers. The flow of passengers of any airport has grown significantly. However, this growth has increased the problem of air pollution, either acoustic or emission gases. In addition to the prevailing upward trend in the value of energy in Chile, justified by the lack of this has affected various sectors of the country including the industry has led to companies and institutions to rethink how to meet their energy needs, mainly those associated with electrical energy. Because this scenario is the option of implementing a photovoltaic generator system in the near future, to meet part of the energy demand of electric power subsystem used in the Arturo Merino Benitez Airport, and try thereby reducing expenses arises associated power consumption. Work degree that develops then is oriented towards the design of an on-grid photovoltaic generator system, from a level perspective basic engineering, to supply energy demand at certain times of day, and thus contributing to the activities in the premises of the country's most important airport and reduce operational costs. The main feature of a photovoltaic on-grid is that the installation is connected directly to the network, so that while energy generated during the day, this energy will be transformed by an inverter AC and, having been transformed into values correct voltage may be finally fed into the grid for immediate use. For this purpose, an analytical study of the best alternatives in design, equipment, components and accessories of the system as a whole will be held, relying on those criteria that establish reliable parameters from the electrical point of view, structural and economic mechanics, under Chilean rule governing such facilities. From the present work it is to comply with the proposed issue, and thus generate guidelines to adequately assess the technical and economic feasibility of the project.
Description
Keywords
Estudio de factibilidad, Energía solar fotovoltaica, Energías renovables, Aeropuerto Internacional Arturo Merino Benitez, Energía solar
