Thesis Evaluación del potencial de generación de hidrógeno verde a partir de las aguas residuales de la región de Valaparaíso
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Date
2025-07-28
Authors
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Program
Ingeniería Civil Industrial
Departament
Campus
Campus Casa Central Valparaíso
Abstract
El presente estudio evalúa la viabilidad técnica, financiera y ambiental de generar hidrógeno verde a partir del uso de aguas residuales tratadas en la Región de Valparaíso, Chile, con el objetivo de contribuir a una transición energética sostenible, aprovechar un recurso subutilizado y reducir las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. Se analizaron 24 plantas de tratamiento de aguas servidas (PTAS) que descargan en cuerpos de agua, identificándose en ellas tecnologías maduras y operativas. Información que permitió, junto a un modelo de optimización espacial, determinar seis ubicaciones óptimas para instalar plantas de producción de hidrógeno, priorizando tanto la cercanía entre instalaciones como la estabilidad del suministro hídrico. El estudio aplica modelos predictivos LSTM para estimar el suministro de agua hasta 2030, y principios estequiométricos para calcular la capacidad de producción, con proyecciones entre 392 mil y más de 9 millones de kilogramos de hidrógeno, según el escenario. Proyectando un costo nivelado (LCOH) entre 3,57 y 4,10 USD/kg-H2, posicionando al sistema como competitivo. Las tecnologías consideradas, como electrolizadores alcalinos y PEM, presentan un alto grado de madurez tecnológica. Y la infraestructura energética regional permite su conexión al sistema eléctrico, destacando las plantas con acceso a fuentes renovables. Validando los resultados en conjunto, la viabilidad técnica y financiera de la propuesta, consolidándola como una alternativa estratégica para avanzar en sostenibilidad energética y economía circular en Chile.
This study evaluates the technical, financial, and environmental feasibility of generating green hydrogen from treated wastewater in the Valparaíso Region of Chile, with the aim of contributing to a sustainable energy transition, optimizing the use of an underutilized resource, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. A total of 24 wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) discharging into natural water bodies were analyzed, identifying mature and operational technologies. Based on this information and through the application of a spatial optimization model, six optimal locations were determined for the installation of hydrogen production plants, prioritizing proximity between facilities and the stability of the water supply. The study employs LSTM predictive models to estimate water availability through 2030, and applies stoichiometric principles to calculate hydrogen production capacity, with projections ranging from 392,000 to over 9 million kilograms of hydrogen, depending on the scenario. The levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH) is projected to range between USD 3.57 and 4.10 per kg-H2, positioning the system as cost-competitive. The selected technologies, including alkaline and PEM electrolyzers, demonstrate a high level of technological maturity. Furthermore, the region’s energy infrastructure supports integration into the national electrical grid, with several locations benefiting from access to renewable energy sources. Overall, the results validate the technical and financial viability of the proposal, consolidating it as a strategic alternative for advancing energy sustainability and promoting a circular economy in Chile.
This study evaluates the technical, financial, and environmental feasibility of generating green hydrogen from treated wastewater in the Valparaíso Region of Chile, with the aim of contributing to a sustainable energy transition, optimizing the use of an underutilized resource, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. A total of 24 wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) discharging into natural water bodies were analyzed, identifying mature and operational technologies. Based on this information and through the application of a spatial optimization model, six optimal locations were determined for the installation of hydrogen production plants, prioritizing proximity between facilities and the stability of the water supply. The study employs LSTM predictive models to estimate water availability through 2030, and applies stoichiometric principles to calculate hydrogen production capacity, with projections ranging from 392,000 to over 9 million kilograms of hydrogen, depending on the scenario. The levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH) is projected to range between USD 3.57 and 4.10 per kg-H2, positioning the system as cost-competitive. The selected technologies, including alkaline and PEM electrolyzers, demonstrate a high level of technological maturity. Furthermore, the region’s energy infrastructure supports integration into the national electrical grid, with several locations benefiting from access to renewable energy sources. Overall, the results validate the technical and financial viability of the proposal, consolidating it as a strategic alternative for advancing energy sustainability and promoting a circular economy in Chile.
Description
Keywords
Hidrógeno verde, Aguas servidas, Electrolizadores alcalinos y PEM, Modelos predictivos LSTM, Localización Óptima, Plantas de producción, Modelo de máxima cobertura, Instalaciones eléctricas, Osmosis inversa, Región de Valparaíso