Thesis METODOLOGÍA DE DIAGNÓSTICO DE COMPONENTES DEL TREN DE POTENCIA DE CAMIONES FUERA DE CARRETERA UTILIZANDO ESQUEMA DE ÁRBOL DE FALLAS
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Date
2018
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Program
INGENIERÍA MECÁNICA INDUSTRIAL
Campus
Campus San Joaquín
Abstract
La maquinaria moderna de la industria minera está equipada con alta tecnología, con una gran cantidad de sensores que permiten monitorear su condición y desempeño. La recolección temprana y oportuna de esta información es usada para ayudar en el diagnóstico y análisis de fallas, para alertar a los operadores de posibles fallas y para
gestionar el desempeño de la operación minera. El problema que existe hoy es que, a pesar de existir grandes volúmenes de data e información histórica, muchas veces en tiempo real y con modernos sistemas de comunicación; no existen metodologías que ayuden a los mantenedores a realizar un diagnóstico más efectivo y que reduzca los tiempos y demoras por reparación, de manera de mejorar la mantenibilidad de los equipos. El objetivo de este proyecto es lograr construir una metodología en base a árbol de falla que incorpore la experiencia de mantenedores, antecedentes históricos de equipos, conocimiento y experiencia de las fábricas de equipos, distribuidores y equipos de mantenimiento. De esta manera se puede integrar la disponibilidad de mejor información, transmitida por dispositivos inalámbricos en tiempo real a los sistemas de la mina; entonces incorporar la metodología de diagnóstico necesaria que permita proveer una guía para actuar al mantenedor y al personal técnico que soporta los equipos. En el desarrollo del proyecto se pudo identificar en terreno, a través de visitas a dos faenas mineras, que la necesidad de contar con una metodología para facilitar el diagnóstico de fallas existe y es latente. El trabajo describe esta metodología, basada en árbol de fallas, aplicada al tren de potencia del camión minero Caterpillar 797, y pretende contribuir a la disminución de los tiempos de diagnóstico y efectividad en la mantención y soporte de los equipos. Se ha tomado un ejemplo de falla del componente principal motor, y con esto se ha construido la metodología que permite establecer la guía para el mantenedor frente a una falla en terreno.
Además, los datos recopilados acera de las detenciones más frecuentes de los equipos revelan que existe una oportunidad de continuar con la aplicación de esta metodología para construir una guía completa para otros tipos o modos de falla, y para el resto de los componentes de los equipos y no sólo del camión 797.
The modern machinery of the mining industry is equipped with high technology, with many sensors that allow to monitor their condition and performance. Early and timely collection of this information is used to assist in the diagnosis and analysis of failures, to alert operators of possible failures and to manage the performance of the mining operation. The problem that exists today is that despite the existence of large volumes of data and historical information, many times in real time and with modern communication systems; there are no methodologies that help the maintainers to make a more effective diagnosis and to reduce the times and delays due to repair, to improve the maintainability of the equipment. The objective of this project is to build a methodology based on fault tree that incorporates the experience of maintainers, historical background of equipment, knowledge and experience of equipment factories, distributors and maintenance teams. In this way, the availability of better information can be integrated, transmitted by wireless devices in real time to the mine systems; then incorporate the diagnostic methodology necessary to provide a guide to act to the maintainer and technical staff that supports the equipment. In the development of the project it was possible to identify in the field, through visits to two mining sites, that the need to have a methodology to facilitate the diagnosis of faults exists and is latent. The paper describes this methodology, based on a fault tree, applied to the power train of the Caterpillar 797 mining truck, and aims to contribute to the reduction of diagnostic times and effectiveness in the maintenance and support of equipment. An example of failure of the main engine component has been taken, to materialize the methodology and to establish the guide for the maintainer. In addition, the data collected related with the most frequent downtimes of the equipment reveals that there is an opportunity to continue with the application of this methodology to construct a complete guide for other types or modes of failure, and for the rest of the components of the equipment. and not just for the 797´s trucks.
The modern machinery of the mining industry is equipped with high technology, with many sensors that allow to monitor their condition and performance. Early and timely collection of this information is used to assist in the diagnosis and analysis of failures, to alert operators of possible failures and to manage the performance of the mining operation. The problem that exists today is that despite the existence of large volumes of data and historical information, many times in real time and with modern communication systems; there are no methodologies that help the maintainers to make a more effective diagnosis and to reduce the times and delays due to repair, to improve the maintainability of the equipment. The objective of this project is to build a methodology based on fault tree that incorporates the experience of maintainers, historical background of equipment, knowledge and experience of equipment factories, distributors and maintenance teams. In this way, the availability of better information can be integrated, transmitted by wireless devices in real time to the mine systems; then incorporate the diagnostic methodology necessary to provide a guide to act to the maintainer and technical staff that supports the equipment. In the development of the project it was possible to identify in the field, through visits to two mining sites, that the need to have a methodology to facilitate the diagnosis of faults exists and is latent. The paper describes this methodology, based on a fault tree, applied to the power train of the Caterpillar 797 mining truck, and aims to contribute to the reduction of diagnostic times and effectiveness in the maintenance and support of equipment. An example of failure of the main engine component has been taken, to materialize the methodology and to establish the guide for the maintainer. In addition, the data collected related with the most frequent downtimes of the equipment reveals that there is an opportunity to continue with the application of this methodology to construct a complete guide for other types or modes of failure, and for the rest of the components of the equipment. and not just for the 797´s trucks.
Description
Keywords
POTENCIA DE CAMIONES, ESQUEMA DE ARBOL DE FALLAS, COMPONENTES DE TREN