Thesis Estudio experimental de la oscilación e interacción energética de boyas undimotrices con forzamiento externo en oleaje marino irregular en aguas someras
Date
2023-08
Authors
Concha Suárez, José Tomás
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Abstract
En el presente trabajo se busca modelar de forma física en un canal hidráulico de olas la relación entre el forzamiento externo y la dinámica oscilatoria de un dispositivo captador del tipo absorbedor puntual, específicamente para estados de mar que representen las características de Punta Curaumilla y las costas de Valparaíso, siendo estos los de mayor ocurrencia y potencial energético, variando los periodos y alturas significativos.
Para esto, primeramente, se debió entender y basar la metodología en los principios de semejanza, específicamente bajo el número de Froude debido a las características del fenómeno, cumpliendo con el escalamiento correspondiente tanto geométrico como cinemático y dinámico. Una vez se entiende el problema se comienza con la metodología práctica, calibrando el canal hidráulico para poder tener el control del proceso y los parámetros de entrada, siguiendo a esto se especifica en qué consisten las diversas pruebas a realizar junto a sus objetivos, insumos especificaciones técnicas y variables de medición. Posteriormente se realizan los experimentos según los requerimientos y materiales necesarios para un correcto uso de los datos, siguiendo una estructura fija.
Una vez que se realicen las experiencias se procede a la toma de datos y su post-procesamiento, donde se limpian los comportamientos anómalos y separan los distintos resultados que entreguen la información relevante para cada modelo, estado y prueba.
Por último, se analiza y concluye sobre los diferentes resultados obtenidos, observando la relación entre cada uno, obteniendo patrones de interés, proporcionalidades e influencia entre uno u otro parámetro que permitan obtener una correcta conjetura final.
Ya analizando, los resultados se obtuvo el estado de mar más energético el cual fue de un periodo de 1,13 segundos y altura de ola de 7 centímetros aproximadamente, además se demostró una relación entre el periodo del estado de mar y su inversa proporción frente al aprovechamiento y captación energética, es decir, a mayor periodo menor aprovechamiento, mientras que para la altura de mar se tiene una relación directa entre el aumento de la altura de mar y el aumento de la eficiencia de captación.
Se concluyo que el sistema SALM es más eficiente empleando una configuración donde el amarre entre el dispositivo WEC y la boya auxiliar sea catenaria de gran peso y el anclaje de la boya auxiliar al fondo marino sea más flexible. Y que para el modelo empleado se requiere de mayor diámetro que altura y un calado aproximado del 75%.
Para finalizar, este trabajo da pie a un trabajo a futuro en donde se encuentre mejores geometrías que permitan una mayor captación y sincronización con el movimiento del oleaje como también el estudio más profundo entre las propiedades del sistema de anclaje. Como también vendría siendo el esfuerzo de probar y analizar añadiendo al sistema de anclaje un sistema que permita la extracción energética o power take off.
The present work seeks to model physically in a hydraulic wave channel the relationship between the external forcing and the oscillatory dynamics of a point absorber type absorber device, specifically for sea states that represent the characteristics of Punta Curaumilla and the coasts of Valparaiso, these being those of greater occurrence and energy potential, varying periods and significant heights. For this, firstly, it was necessary to understand and base the methodology on the principles of similarity, specifically under the Froude number due to the characteristics of the phenomenon, complying with the corresponding geometric, kinematic and dynamic scaling. Once the problem is understood, we start with the practical methodology, calibrating the hydraulic channel to be able to have control of the process and the input parameters, following this we specify what the different tests to be performed consist of together with their objectives, inputs, technical specifications and measurement variables. Subsequently, the experiments are carried out according to the requirements and materials necessary for a correct use of the data, following a fixed structure. Once the experiments are carried out, data collection and post-processing are performed, where anomalous behaviors are cleaned and the different results are separated to provide the relevant information for each model, state and test. Finally, the different results obtained are analyzed and concluded, observing the relationship between each one, obtaining patterns of interest, proportionalities and influence between one or another parameter that allow to obtain a correct final conjecture. Analyzing the results, the most energetic sea state was obtained, which was a period of 1.13 seconds and a wave height of approximately 7 centimeters, also showed a relationship between the period of the sea state and its inverse proportion against the use and energy capture, i.e., the longer the period, the lower the use, while for the sea height there is a direct relationship between the increase of the sea height and the increase of the capture efficiency. It was concluded that the SALM system is more efficient using a configuration where the mooring between the WEC device and the auxiliary buoy is a heavy catenary and the anchoring of the auxiliary buoy to the seabed is more flexible. And that for the model used, a greater diameter than height and an approximate draught of 75% is required. Finally, this work gives rise to a future work where better geometries are found that allow a greater capture and synchronization with the movement of the waves as well as a deeper study of the properties of the anchoring system. As it would also be the effort to test and analyze adding to the anchoring system a system that allows energy extraction or power take off.
The present work seeks to model physically in a hydraulic wave channel the relationship between the external forcing and the oscillatory dynamics of a point absorber type absorber device, specifically for sea states that represent the characteristics of Punta Curaumilla and the coasts of Valparaiso, these being those of greater occurrence and energy potential, varying periods and significant heights. For this, firstly, it was necessary to understand and base the methodology on the principles of similarity, specifically under the Froude number due to the characteristics of the phenomenon, complying with the corresponding geometric, kinematic and dynamic scaling. Once the problem is understood, we start with the practical methodology, calibrating the hydraulic channel to be able to have control of the process and the input parameters, following this we specify what the different tests to be performed consist of together with their objectives, inputs, technical specifications and measurement variables. Subsequently, the experiments are carried out according to the requirements and materials necessary for a correct use of the data, following a fixed structure. Once the experiments are carried out, data collection and post-processing are performed, where anomalous behaviors are cleaned and the different results are separated to provide the relevant information for each model, state and test. Finally, the different results obtained are analyzed and concluded, observing the relationship between each one, obtaining patterns of interest, proportionalities and influence between one or another parameter that allow to obtain a correct final conjecture. Analyzing the results, the most energetic sea state was obtained, which was a period of 1.13 seconds and a wave height of approximately 7 centimeters, also showed a relationship between the period of the sea state and its inverse proportion against the use and energy capture, i.e., the longer the period, the lower the use, while for the sea height there is a direct relationship between the increase of the sea height and the increase of the capture efficiency. It was concluded that the SALM system is more efficient using a configuration where the mooring between the WEC device and the auxiliary buoy is a heavy catenary and the anchoring of the auxiliary buoy to the seabed is more flexible. And that for the model used, a greater diameter than height and an approximate draught of 75% is required. Finally, this work gives rise to a future work where better geometries are found that allow a greater capture and synchronization with the movement of the waves as well as a deeper study of the properties of the anchoring system. As it would also be the effort to test and analyze adding to the anchoring system a system that allows energy extraction or power take off.
Description
Keywords
Energía undimotriz , Absorbedor puntual , Oleaje irregular , Canal hidráulico , Aguas someras