Thesis Balance térmico y análisis exergético de motor Mercedes Benz OM366-LA operando de manera dual con diesel y gas natural
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Date
2024
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Program
Ingeniería Civil Mecánica
Campus
Campus Casa Central Valparaíso
Abstract
El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo la realización de un balance térmico y análisis exergético del motor Mercedez-Benz OM366-LA operando de manera dual con diesel y gas natural. Además se toma como objetivos específicos de esta memoria determinar el desempeño y emisiones del motor operando de manera dual y realizar un análisis comparativo de lo mencionado anteriormente entre una línea base, es decir, el motor operando con diesel y el motor operando de manera dual con diesel y 10% de sustitución energética de diesel por gas natural.
Para esto, se operó el motor en cuestión a tres velocidades de giro (2000, 2200 y 2400 [rpm]) y en tres niveles de carga (60 %, 80% y 100 %) y se realizó un cálculo de las diferencias relativas entre los resultados obtenidos para el motor operando con diesel y de manera dual con gas natural. Obteniendo como resultados una disminución en cuanto a emisiones de dióxido de carbono (CO2) de hasta un 11,3% con el motor operando a 100% de carga y 13,5% con el motor operando en cargas parciales, una disminución de hasta un 55% en cuanto a las emisiones de monóxido de carbono (CO) con el motor operando a plena carga y un aumento en las emisiones de óxidos de nitrógeno con el motor operando en altas cargas, pero una disminución con el motor operando en cargas parciales.
En cuanto a los parámetros de desempeño, el consumo específico de combustible (SFC) tiende a aumentar hasta un 5,1% con el motor operando a 60% de carga, pero disminuye 5% con el motor operando a plena carga y altas velocidades de giro. La eficiencia térmica tiende a aumentar con el motor operando a plena carga y altas velocidades hasta un 6,6 %, pero disminuyo entre un 3% y 5% con el motor operando a cargas parciales. La eficiencia volumétrica tiende a aumentar para todas las velocidades de giro en todas las cargas cuando el motor es operado de manera dual. Por último, en cuando al balance térmico y análisis exergético se observan comportamientos similares. El calor perdido por escape sensible y por refrigeración tiende a disminuir cuando el motor es operado de manera dual, al igual que las pérdidas por combustión incompleta, pero aumentan las pérdidas sin contar. En el balance de exergía se observa que a plena carga tiende a aumentar la disponibilidad en el refrigerante y el escape, mientras que disminuye la destrucción de exergía. Caso contrario a cuando se opera en cargas parciales, donde se observa que disminuye la disponibilidad en el escape y refrigerante, mientras que la destrucción de exergía debido a las irreversibilidades aumente.
The objective of this work is to perform a thermal balance and exergetic analysis of the Mercedez-Benz OM366-LA engine operating on dual-fuel with diesel and natural gas. Besides, the specific objectives are to determine the performance and emissions of the engine operating in dual mode and perform a comparative analysis of what was mentioned above between a baseline, that is, the engine operating with diesel only and the engine operating in dual mode with 10% energy substitution for natural gas. For this, the engine was operated at three rotational speeds (2000, 2200 and 2400 [rpm]) and three load levels (60 %, 80% and 100 %) and a calculation of the relative differences was made between the results of the baseline and the results of the engine operating on dual mode. Obtaining as results a decrease in terms of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions of up to 11.3% with the engine operating at 100% load and 13.5% with the engine operating at partial loads, a decrease of up to 55% in terms of carbon monoxide (CO) emissions with the engine operating at full load and an increase in nitrogen oxides (NOX) emissions with the engine operating at high loads, but a decrease with the engine operating at high loads partial. Regarding the performance parameters, the specific fuel consumption (SFC) tends to increase up to 5.1% with the engine operating at 60% load, but decreases 5% with the engine operating at full load and high rotational speeds. The thermal efficiency tends to increase with the engine operating at full load and high speeds up to 6.6 %, but it decreased between 3% and 5% with the engine operating at partial loads. The volumetric efficiency tends to increase for all rotation speeds in all loads when the motor is operated in dual mode. Finally, regarding the thermal balance and exergetic analysis, we observe similar tendencies. The heat lost through sensible exhaust and cooling tends to decrease when the engine is operated in dual mode, as do the losses due to incomplete combustion, but uncounted losses increase. In the exergy balance it is observed that at full load the availability of the refrigerant and the exhaust tends to increase, while decreasing the destroyed exergy. Contrary to when operates in partial loads, where it is observed that availability decreases in the exhaust and the refrigerant, while the destruction of exergy due to irreversibilities increase.
The objective of this work is to perform a thermal balance and exergetic analysis of the Mercedez-Benz OM366-LA engine operating on dual-fuel with diesel and natural gas. Besides, the specific objectives are to determine the performance and emissions of the engine operating in dual mode and perform a comparative analysis of what was mentioned above between a baseline, that is, the engine operating with diesel only and the engine operating in dual mode with 10% energy substitution for natural gas. For this, the engine was operated at three rotational speeds (2000, 2200 and 2400 [rpm]) and three load levels (60 %, 80% and 100 %) and a calculation of the relative differences was made between the results of the baseline and the results of the engine operating on dual mode. Obtaining as results a decrease in terms of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions of up to 11.3% with the engine operating at 100% load and 13.5% with the engine operating at partial loads, a decrease of up to 55% in terms of carbon monoxide (CO) emissions with the engine operating at full load and an increase in nitrogen oxides (NOX) emissions with the engine operating at high loads, but a decrease with the engine operating at high loads partial. Regarding the performance parameters, the specific fuel consumption (SFC) tends to increase up to 5.1% with the engine operating at 60% load, but decreases 5% with the engine operating at full load and high rotational speeds. The thermal efficiency tends to increase with the engine operating at full load and high speeds up to 6.6 %, but it decreased between 3% and 5% with the engine operating at partial loads. The volumetric efficiency tends to increase for all rotation speeds in all loads when the motor is operated in dual mode. Finally, regarding the thermal balance and exergetic analysis, we observe similar tendencies. The heat lost through sensible exhaust and cooling tends to decrease when the engine is operated in dual mode, as do the losses due to incomplete combustion, but uncounted losses increase. In the exergy balance it is observed that at full load the availability of the refrigerant and the exhaust tends to increase, while decreasing the destroyed exergy. Contrary to when operates in partial loads, where it is observed that availability decreases in the exhaust and the refrigerant, while the destruction of exergy due to irreversibilities increase.
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Keywords
Motores de combustión interna, Eficiencia volumétrica, Consumo de combustible