Thesis Efecto de disipadores viscosos lineales en la probabilidad de primera excursión de un edificio de 18 niveles en Viña del Mar bajo excitaciones estocásticas
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Date
2026-03
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Program
Ingeniería Civil
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Campus
Campus Casa Central Valparaíso
Abstract
El presente trabajo se enfoca en el análisis del efecto de disipadores viscosos lineales en la probabilidad de primera excursión de estructuras sometidas a excitaciones sísmicas estocásticas. La investigación aborda un edificio real de oficinas de 18 niveles ubicado en Viña del Mar, Chile, evaluando distintas configuraciones de disipadores mediante una metodología que integra simulación estocástica avanzada y análisis de confiabilidad estructural. Dentro del contexto de este estudio, las excitaciones sísmicas son modeladas mediante procesos estocásticos no estacionarios, caracterizados por un alto número de variables aleatorias que transforman el problema de confiabilidad en uno de alta dimensionalidad. Estos problemas se resuelven mediante el método Subset Simulation, técnica de simulación avanzada particularmente eficiente para la estimación de probabilidades de falla del orden de 10⁻⁵ o menores, el cual se valida a través de la simulación de Monte Carlo. La metodología se valida previamente en un modelo de corte de cinco grados de libertad antes de su aplicación al edificio real, el cual posee 8208 grados de libertad. Los resultados demuestran que la incorporación de disipadores viscosos lineales reduce significativamente la probabilidad de primera excursión, alcanzando reducciones de hasta 91% con respecto al modelo sin disipadores. En cuanto a la ubicación de los disipadores, en este edificio los dispositivos ubicados en la mitad superior son considerablemente más eficientes, debido a que en ese sector se encuentra la falla crítica. Adicionalmente, se observa que los disipadores resultan más efectivos en la dirección más flexible de la estructura, en concordancia con estudios que indican mayor efectividad de dispositivos de disipación en sistemas de menor rigidez. Estos hallazgos establecen criterios de optimización para edificios de características similares.
This work focuses on analyzing the effect of linear viscous dampers on the first-excursion probability of structures subjected to stochastic seismic excitations. The research addresses an actual 18-story office building located in Viña del Mar, Chile, evaluating different damper configurations through a methodology that integrates advanced stochastic simulation and structural reliability analysis. Within the context of this study, seismic excitations are modeled as non-stationary stochastic processes, characterized by a high number of random variables that transform the reliability problem into a high-dimensional one. These problems are solved using the Subset Simulation method, an advanced simulation technique particularly efficient for estimating failure probabilities on the order of 10−5 or lower, which is validated through Monte Carlo simulation. The methodology is first validated on a five-degree-of-freedom shear model before its application to the actual building, which has 8208 degrees of freedom. The results demonstrate that the incorporation of linear viscous dampers significantly reduces the first-excursion probability, achieving reductions of up to 91% compared to the model without dampers. Regarding damper placement, in this building the devices located in the upper half are considerably more efficient because the critical failure occurs in that region. Additionally, it is observed that dampers are more effective in the more flexible direction of the structure, in accordance with studies indicating greater effectiveness of energy dissipation devices in less rigid systems. These findings establish optimization criteria for buildings with similar characteristics.
This work focuses on analyzing the effect of linear viscous dampers on the first-excursion probability of structures subjected to stochastic seismic excitations. The research addresses an actual 18-story office building located in Viña del Mar, Chile, evaluating different damper configurations through a methodology that integrates advanced stochastic simulation and structural reliability analysis. Within the context of this study, seismic excitations are modeled as non-stationary stochastic processes, characterized by a high number of random variables that transform the reliability problem into a high-dimensional one. These problems are solved using the Subset Simulation method, an advanced simulation technique particularly efficient for estimating failure probabilities on the order of 10−5 or lower, which is validated through Monte Carlo simulation. The methodology is first validated on a five-degree-of-freedom shear model before its application to the actual building, which has 8208 degrees of freedom. The results demonstrate that the incorporation of linear viscous dampers significantly reduces the first-excursion probability, achieving reductions of up to 91% compared to the model without dampers. Regarding damper placement, in this building the devices located in the upper half are considerably more efficient because the critical failure occurs in that region. Additionally, it is observed that dampers are more effective in the more flexible direction of the structure, in accordance with studies indicating greater effectiveness of energy dissipation devices in less rigid systems. These findings establish optimization criteria for buildings with similar characteristics.
Description
Keywords
Análisis de confiabilidad, Disipadores viscosos, Subset Simulation, Probabilidad de falla, Ingeniería sísmica, Optimización estructural
