Thesis Funcionalización de nanopartículas de óxidos metálicos: estudio del pretratamiento y la adsorción de moléculas orgánicas
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Date
2025-10
Authors
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Program
Ingeniería Civil Química
Campus
Campus Santiago San Joaquín
Abstract
El presente trabajo aborda la síntesis y funcionalización de nanopartículas de dióxido de silicio (SiO₂) obtenidas mediante el método de Stöber, con el propósito de generar superficies químicamente activas que sirvan como base para el crecimiento controlado de materiales híbridos tipo SURMOF (Surface-mounted Metal–Organic Frameworks). La síntesis se realizó variando el volumen del catalizador hidróxido de amonio (NH₄OH) en tres condiciones (550, 650 y 776 μL), evaluando su influencia en el tamaño, morfología y estabilidad coloidal de las partículas. Las nanopartículas fueron caracterizadas mediante espectroscopía infrarroja por transformada de Fourier (FTIR), dispersión de luz dinámica (DLS) y potencial Z, con el fin de analizar su composición química, diámetro hidrodinámico y estabilidad coloidal. Los resultados demostraron la formación de SiO₂ amorfa con las bandas características del enlace Si–O–Si y la presencia de grupos Si–OH superficiales. A partir de los análisis DLS, se obtuvieron distribuciones unimodales con polidispersidades moderadas (PDI entre 0,23 y 0,30), observándose que el aumento en la concentración del catalizador NH₄OH reduce la duración de la etapa de nucleación y favorece el crecimiento de los núcleos ya formados, resultando en partículas de mayor tamaño. Los valores de potencial Z confirmaron la carga negativa de la superficie, alcanzando hasta −41,8 mV, lo que refleja una alta estabilidad coloidal. Posteriormente, se realizó la funcionalización de las nanopartículas con dos agentes silanos: (3-aminopropil)trietoxisilano (APTES) y (3-cloropropil)trietoxisilano (CPTES). En el caso del APTES(...).
This study focuses on the synthesis and functionalization of silicon dioxide (SiO₂) nanoparticles prepared through the Stöber method, aiming to generate chemically active surfaces suitable for the controlled growth of hybrid SURMOF (Surface-mounted Metal–Organic Framework) materials. The synthesis was performed by varying the volume of the ammonium hydroxide (NH₄OH) catalyst under three conditions (550, 650, and 776 μL) to evaluate its influence on particle size, morphology, and colloidal stability. The nanoparticles were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and zeta potential measurements to analyze their chemical composition, hydrodynamic diameter, and colloidal stability. The results confirmed the formation of amorphous silica, showing the characteristic Si–O–Si bands and the presence of surface silanol (Si–OH) groups. DLS analyses revealed unimodal distributions with moderate polydispersity (PDI = 0.23–0.30). It was observed that increasing the NH₄OH catalyst concentration reduces the duration of the nucleation stage and promotes the growth of pre-existing nuclei, resulting in larger particle sizes. Zeta potential values confirmed the negatively charged surface, reaching up to −41.8 mV, which reflects high colloidal stability. Subsequently, the nanoparticles were functionalized with two silane coupling agents: (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) and (3-chloropropyl)triethoxysilane (CPTES). In the case of APTES(...)..
This study focuses on the synthesis and functionalization of silicon dioxide (SiO₂) nanoparticles prepared through the Stöber method, aiming to generate chemically active surfaces suitable for the controlled growth of hybrid SURMOF (Surface-mounted Metal–Organic Framework) materials. The synthesis was performed by varying the volume of the ammonium hydroxide (NH₄OH) catalyst under three conditions (550, 650, and 776 μL) to evaluate its influence on particle size, morphology, and colloidal stability. The nanoparticles were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and zeta potential measurements to analyze their chemical composition, hydrodynamic diameter, and colloidal stability. The results confirmed the formation of amorphous silica, showing the characteristic Si–O–Si bands and the presence of surface silanol (Si–OH) groups. DLS analyses revealed unimodal distributions with moderate polydispersity (PDI = 0.23–0.30). It was observed that increasing the NH₄OH catalyst concentration reduces the duration of the nucleation stage and promotes the growth of pre-existing nuclei, resulting in larger particle sizes. Zeta potential values confirmed the negatively charged surface, reaching up to −41.8 mV, which reflects high colloidal stability. Subsequently, the nanoparticles were functionalized with two silane coupling agents: (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) and (3-chloropropyl)triethoxysilane (CPTES). In the case of APTES(...)..
Description
Keywords
Nanopartículas de sílice, Compuestos químicos orgánicos, Funcionalización superficial, Dispersión de luz dinámica (DLS), Método Stöber, Estabilidad coloidal
