Thesis ESTUDIO ANALÍTICO DEL FENÓMENO DE ENFRIAMIENTO NOCTURNO POR RADIACIÓN EN UNA PLACA PLANA BAJO DIFERENTES CONDICIONES DE OPERACIÓN
Date
2018
Authors
VILLALOBOS MAZZA, FELIPE FABIÁN
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Abstract
El fenómeno de enfriamiento por radiación nocturna de una placa es un proceso en el que una placa emite energía por medio de radiación electromagnética hacia el espacio a través de la atmósfera, lográndose un enfriamiento de la placa respecto a la temperatura ambiental. La temperatura que se considera para el cálculo de este enfriamiento no es la temperatura del espacio, sino que es la denominada temperatura de cielo, que se ve afectada por elementos atmosféricos tales como la humedad y la nubosidad.En Chile, el consumo eléctrico para enfriamiento ha aumentado notoriamente, así como el consumo eléctrico en su totalidad, y por lo tanto es de gran importancia estudiar posibles fenómenos naturales que contribuyan a disminuir el consumo eléctrico. Para el caso de enfriamiento, el fenómeno de enfriamiento por radiación nocturna se presenta como una opción interesante. Estudios anteriores muestran que una placa puede llegar a enfriarse 10 grados Celsius por debajo de la temperatura ambiente a causa del enfriamiento por radiación nocturna.El presente estudio tiene por finalidad aclarar los fundamentos teóricos del caso de enfriamiento de una placa por radiación nocturna, y con esto desarrollar un modelo numérico que represente el problema, en el programa de resolución de ecuaciones “Engieering Equation Solver. Adicionalmente, para validar este modelo numérico, llevar a cabo una comparación de los resultados de temperatura de placa calculados teóricamente con respecto a valores de temperatura de placa referenciales medidos en una campaña experimenal, en el Laboratorio de Energías Renovables de la U.T.F.S.M. Finalmente, realizar una estimación del potencial de enfriamiento por radiación nocturna al simular el experimento de enfriamiento de placa en 5 tipos de climas de Chile, cada uno representado por una ciudad, de la cual se toman los datos meteorológicos requeridos(humedad relativa y temperatura ambiental) por el modelo para el cálculo de la temperatura de placa.
Radiative cooling on a flat plate is a process in which a flat plate emits energy through electromagnetic radiation into aouter space, through the atmosfere, achieving a cooling of the plate regarding the enviroment temperature. The temperatura used for calculating the cooling is not the space temperatura, but the named sky temperatura, which is affected by atmospheric elements, such as humidity and cloudiness.In Chile, the electrical consumption for cooling has increased notoriously, as well as the total electrical consumption, thus it is a matter of great importance to study the possible natural phenomena that allows to reduce electrical consumption. Radiative cooling seems to be an interesting option. Previous reaserch shows that a flat plate can cool 10 Celsius degrees under enviroment temperature because os radiative cooling.The present study’s purpuse is to clear out the radiative cooling of a flat plate theoretical foundations, and with this developing a numerical model that represents the problem, in the equation solver computer program called Engineering Equation Solver. Additionally, in order to validate this numerical model, to compare the theorical calculated flat plate temperature values with the referential flat plate measured temperature values, extracted from an experimental campaign, in the U.T.F.S.M Renewable Energy Laboratory. Finally, to estimate the cooling potential because of radiative cooling when simulating the flat plate cooling experiment for 5 different types of climates in Chile, each one represented by one city, from which the meteorological data required by the numerical model for the flat plate temperature calculation is taken(relative humidity and enviroment temperature).
Radiative cooling on a flat plate is a process in which a flat plate emits energy through electromagnetic radiation into aouter space, through the atmosfere, achieving a cooling of the plate regarding the enviroment temperature. The temperatura used for calculating the cooling is not the space temperatura, but the named sky temperatura, which is affected by atmospheric elements, such as humidity and cloudiness.In Chile, the electrical consumption for cooling has increased notoriously, as well as the total electrical consumption, thus it is a matter of great importance to study the possible natural phenomena that allows to reduce electrical consumption. Radiative cooling seems to be an interesting option. Previous reaserch shows that a flat plate can cool 10 Celsius degrees under enviroment temperature because os radiative cooling.The present study’s purpuse is to clear out the radiative cooling of a flat plate theoretical foundations, and with this developing a numerical model that represents the problem, in the equation solver computer program called Engineering Equation Solver. Additionally, in order to validate this numerical model, to compare the theorical calculated flat plate temperature values with the referential flat plate measured temperature values, extracted from an experimental campaign, in the U.T.F.S.M Renewable Energy Laboratory. Finally, to estimate the cooling potential because of radiative cooling when simulating the flat plate cooling experiment for 5 different types of climates in Chile, each one represented by one city, from which the meteorological data required by the numerical model for the flat plate temperature calculation is taken(relative humidity and enviroment temperature).
Description
Catalogado desde la version PDF de la tesis.
Keywords
ENFRIAMIENTO NOCTURNO POR RADIACION , MODELO NUMERICO , PLACA PLANA , POTENCIAL DE RADIACION NOCTURNA
