Thesis DETERMINACIÓN DEL NIVEL DE ACTIVIDAD Y EMISIONES CONTAMINANTES PRODUCIDAS POR MAQUINARIA FUERA DE RUTA EN CHILE
Loading...
Date
2018-08
Authors
PARDO ORTIZ, FRANCISCO JAVIER
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
En Chile, una maquinaria móvil fuera de ruta (MMFR) se define como: “Cualquier máquina móvil o equipo industrial portátil o vehículo con o sin carrocería, no destinados al transporte de pasajeros o mercancías por carretera, aptos para desplazarse sobre el suelo, con o sin carretera y que funciona en base a motores de combustión interna, de encendido por compresión, con una potencia neta instalada, igual o superior a 19 kW e inferior a 560 kW. Se excluyen los motores destinados a la propulsión de automotores, locomotoras u otros elementos y equipos ferroviarios que se desplacen sobre rieles, barcos, aeronaves y vehículos de recreación”.El objetivo de este trabajo de título es estimar el nivel de actividad y las emisiones contaminantes generadas por MMFR en Chile, utilizando como año base el 2017. Para realizar dicho objetivo, se utiliza la metodología entregada por la EPA (Agencia de Protección Ambiental de USA), con lo que es posible obtener las emisiones en toneladas por año de los contaminantes HC, CO, NOx, MP10, MP2.5, CO2 y SO2, para la flota importada al país entre los años 2014 y 2017. Para la flota anterior al año 2014, se actualizarán los resultados reportados por el Ministerio del Medio Ambiente, realizando un aumento de dichas emisiones por el deterioro de motores y una mejora debido al retiro de maquinarias por envejecimiento.Se comparan los factores de emisión (FE) de equipos nuevos en estado estacionario de la EPA (Actualizados en 2010) con los de la EEA (Actualizados en 2016), y debido a las diferencias que presentan, se utiliza una ponderación de estos para el cálculo de las emisiones de la flota importada entre los años 2014 y 2017. Adicionalmente, se calculan las emisiones utilizando solo FE de la EEA y solo FE de la EPA, siendo estos resultados las incertidumbres de las emisiones, es decir, las cotas inferior o superior de los resultados.
In Chile, a non-road mobile machinery (NRMM as per its Spanish acronym) is define as: “any mobile machine, portable industrial equipment or vehicle, with or without body, not intended to transport people or goods on road, which are able to move on above the ground, on and off road, and which operates with an internal combustion engine with a compression ignition of a net installed power between 19 kW and 560 kW. Excluding engines for the propulsion of railcars, locomotives or any other railroad elements and equipment that moves over rails, ships, aircrafts and leisure vehicles”. The objective of this thesis is to estimate the level of activity and the polluting emissions generated by the non-road mobile machinery in Chile in 2017. To achieve this, method used is the one delivered by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), which enables to determine the emissions in tons from the pollutants HC, CO, NOx, MP10, MP2.5, CO2 y SO2 per year from the fleet imported between 2014 and 2017. As for the fleets prior to 2014 the results reported by the Ministry of the Environment will be updated with the deterioration of those emissions due to the damage of the engines and an improvement due to the removal of old machinery.The emission factors (EF) between new EPA equipment in stationary state (updated in 2010) and EEA equipment (updated in 2016) will be compared and according to the differences observed a balancing of these will be use for the calculations of the emissions of the imported fleet between 2014 and 2017. In addition, the emissions are calculated by using only EFs from the EEA and the EPA, being these results the uncertainties of the emissions, in other words, the inferior or superior heights of the results.
In Chile, a non-road mobile machinery (NRMM as per its Spanish acronym) is define as: “any mobile machine, portable industrial equipment or vehicle, with or without body, not intended to transport people or goods on road, which are able to move on above the ground, on and off road, and which operates with an internal combustion engine with a compression ignition of a net installed power between 19 kW and 560 kW. Excluding engines for the propulsion of railcars, locomotives or any other railroad elements and equipment that moves over rails, ships, aircrafts and leisure vehicles”. The objective of this thesis is to estimate the level of activity and the polluting emissions generated by the non-road mobile machinery in Chile in 2017. To achieve this, method used is the one delivered by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), which enables to determine the emissions in tons from the pollutants HC, CO, NOx, MP10, MP2.5, CO2 y SO2 per year from the fleet imported between 2014 and 2017. As for the fleets prior to 2014 the results reported by the Ministry of the Environment will be updated with the deterioration of those emissions due to the damage of the engines and an improvement due to the removal of old machinery.The emission factors (EF) between new EPA equipment in stationary state (updated in 2010) and EEA equipment (updated in 2016) will be compared and according to the differences observed a balancing of these will be use for the calculations of the emissions of the imported fleet between 2014 and 2017. In addition, the emissions are calculated by using only EFs from the EEA and the EPA, being these results the uncertainties of the emissions, in other words, the inferior or superior heights of the results.
Description
Catalogado desde la version PDF de la tesis.
Keywords
EMISIONES CONTAMINANTES , MAQUINARIA MOVIL FUERA DE RUTA , MMFR , NIVEL DE ACTIVIDAD
