Thesis DISEÑO Y CONSTRUCCIÓN DE UN BANCO DE PRUEBAS PARA LA CARACTERIZACIÓN DE QUEMADORES DE MEDIOS POROSOS INERTES BAJO LA NORMATIVA DE CERTIFICACIÓN CHILENA
Date
2018
Authors
PERALTA PEÑA, PAULA ANDREA
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Abstract
El presente trabajo de investigación presenta tres ejes principales desarrollados en el marco del estudio de quemadores radiativos.El primer eje corresponde al estudio de la NCh 3111, que establece estándares de construcción y funcionamiento exigidos para quemadores automáticos de aire forzado que funcionan con combustibles gaseosos, con el fin de poder aterrizar los ensayos desde la generalidad de la normativa a la particularidad del caso presentado en este informe, que corresponde a quemadores radiantes de premezcla diseñados para trabajar con potencias variables y sin desprendimiento de llama. Este eje contiene requerimientos de la cámara de combustión para poder medir y controlar los parámetros solicitados de forma adecuada, descripción de los ensayos en conjunto con su respectivo criterio de aprobación ordenados de una manera acorde al check list de aprobación que maneja el personal de la SEC para certificar los quemadores.El segundo eje corresponde al diseño de una cámara de combustión según la normativa chilena para la adecuada caracterización de un quemador. Se desarrollan planos de construcción de la cámara, listado de piezas y se plantean dos alternativas de materiales para su construcción: 304L para las piezas en contacto directo con los gases resultantes o A36 para todo el conjunto. Cada alternativa viene con 3 cotizaciones referenciales asociadas que revelaron una diferencia de 500.00 CLP entre ambas alternativas siendo 250.000 CLP el costo de la más económica que correspondería a la manufacturada con A36. Se complementa con una comparación entre el tiempo de encendido que podría estar el quemador en cada alternativa sin llegar a la temperatura crítica del acero según corresponda; dicha comparación reveló que la diferencia de tiempo entre ambas temperaturas no se condice la diferencia de precio, con una variación de 30% en el tiempo de ambas. Es entonces que queda abierta la recomendación de material acorde a lo que se apunte con la construcción de la cámara. Se suma un detalle del sistema de monitoreo y control, comparándose con los instrumentos disponibles concluyéndose que cumplen con la precisión requerida.El tercer eje corresponde al diseño y construcción del sistema estructural de un banco de pruebas para medición de radiación para medios porosos. Estructura fue construida con perfiles ensamblables de aluminio, lo que le brinda la capacidad de acomodarse a distintos sistemas que acompañan los quemadores y a distintas geometrías y tamaños que podrían tener. Se detallan características de los perfiles de aluminio, dimensiones de los elementos que conforman el sistema estructural, beneficios de este tipo de diseño y las etapas de construcción de la estructura completa. Importante destacar que las dimensiones máximas de la estructura fueron diseñadas teniendo en cuenta la posterior instalación de la cámara de combustión diseñada en el segundo punto.
The present research work presents 3 main axes developed in the framework of the study of radiative burners.The first axis corresponds to the study of the NCh 3111, which dictates construction standards and performance required for forced air burners that operate with gaseous fuels, in order to be able to land the tests from the generality of the regulations to the particularity of the case presented in this report, which corresponds to pre-mix radiant burners designed to work with variable powers and without flame release. This axis contains requirements of the combustion chamber to be able to measure and control the requested parameters in an appropriate manner, description of the tests in conjunction with their respective approval criteria ordered in a manner consistent with the approval checklist handled by SEC personnel to certify the burners.The second axis corresponds to the design of a combustion chamber according to Chilean regulations for the proper characterization of a burner. Are developed plans of construction of the chamber, list of pieces and two alternative materials for its construction are proposed: 304L for the pieces in direct contact with the resulting gases or A36 for the whole set. Each alternative comes with 3 associated referential quotes that revealed a difference of 500.00 CLP between both alternatives being 250,000 CLP the cost of the cheapest one that would correspond to the one manufactured with A36. It is complemented by a comparison between the ignition time that the burner could be in each alternative without reaching the critical temperature of the steel, as appropriate; This comparison revealed that the difference in time between the two temperatures does not match the price difference, with a variation of 30% in the time of both. It is then that the recommendation of material according to what is noted with the construction of the camera remains open. A description of your monitoring and control system is added and they are contrasted with what is available in the facilities: instruments accomplish the required precision.The third axis corresponds to the design and construction of the structural system of a test bench for radiation measurement for porous media. Structure was built with aluminum assemblable profiles, which gives the ability to accommodate different systems that accompany the burners and different geometries and sizes that could have. Details of the aluminum profiles, dimensions of the elements that make up the structural system, benefits of this type of design and the construction stages of the complete structure are detailed. Important to note that the maximum dimensions of the structure were designed taking into account the subsequent installation of the combustion chamber designed in the second point.
The present research work presents 3 main axes developed in the framework of the study of radiative burners.The first axis corresponds to the study of the NCh 3111, which dictates construction standards and performance required for forced air burners that operate with gaseous fuels, in order to be able to land the tests from the generality of the regulations to the particularity of the case presented in this report, which corresponds to pre-mix radiant burners designed to work with variable powers and without flame release. This axis contains requirements of the combustion chamber to be able to measure and control the requested parameters in an appropriate manner, description of the tests in conjunction with their respective approval criteria ordered in a manner consistent with the approval checklist handled by SEC personnel to certify the burners.The second axis corresponds to the design of a combustion chamber according to Chilean regulations for the proper characterization of a burner. Are developed plans of construction of the chamber, list of pieces and two alternative materials for its construction are proposed: 304L for the pieces in direct contact with the resulting gases or A36 for the whole set. Each alternative comes with 3 associated referential quotes that revealed a difference of 500.00 CLP between both alternatives being 250,000 CLP the cost of the cheapest one that would correspond to the one manufactured with A36. It is complemented by a comparison between the ignition time that the burner could be in each alternative without reaching the critical temperature of the steel, as appropriate; This comparison revealed that the difference in time between the two temperatures does not match the price difference, with a variation of 30% in the time of both. It is then that the recommendation of material according to what is noted with the construction of the camera remains open. A description of your monitoring and control system is added and they are contrasted with what is available in the facilities: instruments accomplish the required precision.The third axis corresponds to the design and construction of the structural system of a test bench for radiation measurement for porous media. Structure was built with aluminum assemblable profiles, which gives the ability to accommodate different systems that accompany the burners and different geometries and sizes that could have. Details of the aluminum profiles, dimensions of the elements that make up the structural system, benefits of this type of design and the construction stages of the complete structure are detailed. Important to note that the maximum dimensions of the structure were designed taking into account the subsequent installation of the combustion chamber designed in the second point.
Description
Catalogado desde la version PDF de la tesis.
Keywords
BANCO DE PRUEBAS , HOGAR DE COMBUSTION , NCH 3111 , CARACTERIZACIÓN DE QUEMADORES , QUEMADORES DE MEDIOS POROSOS
