Thesis ESTUDIO DE CONVERSIÓN DE VEHICULOS DE GASOLINA A GAS VEHICULAR EN CHILE PARA MODELOS ANTERIORES AL AÑO 2012: MERCADO ACTUAL, FACTORES QUE LIMITAN SU IMPLEMENTACIÓN TOTAL Y EVALUACIÓN DEL IMPACTO AMBIENTAL, SOCIAL Y ECONÓMICO
Date
2017
Authors
MONSALVE MEDINA, JUAN ANDRÉS
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Abstract
A fines del año 2016, el gobierno de Chile planteó la posibilidad de aplicar restricciónvehicular a los automóviles catalíticos cuya fecha de inscripción sea anterior al año 2012,esto es, cuya norma de emisión sea Euro 4 o anterior. Esta normativa ha generadocontroversia pues la percepción ciudadana es que afecta directamente a la clase mediapuesto que no se cuenta con los medios para adquirir vehículos más nuevos.A raíz de esta problemática, en este trabajo se propone como una solución que elgobierno autorice la conversión a gas vehicular de estos vehículos afectados, permitiendola circulación libre y disminuyendo las emisiones.Esta alternativa de solución de analiza desde el punto de vista económico,ambiental y social, estudiando el impacto y la viabilidad de realizar este proyecto.Se concluye que efectivamente se disminuyen las emisiones al convertir losvehículos a gas vehicular, la recaudación fiscal por impuesto a los combustibles no se veafectada significativamente pues se puede reemplazar perfectamente por un alza alimpuesto al tabaco. No obstante, las empresas distribuidoras de gas vehicular no seencuentran preparadas para abastecer una flota significativa de vehículos, principalmentepor la escasa infraestructura de estaciones surtidoras y redes de distribución.Desde el lado del usuario, existe el interés de buscar alternativas más sustentablesde transporte, y principalmente combustibles más económicos. Se presentan diversasalternativas de financiamiento para incentivar la conversión a gas vehicular, siendo estaperfectamente factible para un usuario de clase media promedio.En tanto, para las empresas distribuidoras de gas vehicular, esta alternativa sepresenta como un gran negocio, con una fuerte inversión principalmente en infraestructuray canales de distribución, consolidando el gas vehicular como un competidor directo de lagasolina o el petróleo diésel, no obstante, este no es posible implementarlo de formainmediata para el parque vehicular objetivo, dado que es imposible construir lainfraestructura requerida en el corto plazo.
At the end of 2016, the government of Chile raised the possibility of applying vehiclerestriction to catalytic cars whose registration’s date is prior to 2012, that is, whoseemission standard is Euro 4 or earlier. This legislation has generated controversy becausethe citizen's perception is that it directly affects the middle class since the means to acquirenewer vehicles is not available.As a result of this problem, this thesis proposes as a solution that the governmentauthorize the conversion to vehicular gas of these affected vehicles, allowing freecirculation and reducing emissions.This solution alternative analyzes from the economic, environmental and socialpoint of view, studying the impact and feasibility of carrying out this project.It is concluded that emissions are effectively reduced by converting vehicles tovehicular gas, the tax revenue from fuel tax is not significantly affected as it can be perfectlyreplaced by a rise in the tobacco tax. However, gas distribution companies are not preparedto supply a significant fleet of vehicles, mainly due to the scarce infrastructure of supplystations and distribution networks.From the user's side, there is an interest in finding more sustainable alternatives totransport, and especially cheaper fuels. Various financing alternatives are presented toencourage conversion to vehicular gas, which is perfectly feasible for an average middleclassuser.Meanwhile, for gas distribution companies, this alternative is presented as a bigbusiness, with a strong investment mainly in infrastructure and distribution channels,consolidating vehicular gas as a direct competitor of gasoline or diesel oil, but, it is notpossible to implement it immediately for the target vehicle park, since it is impossible tobuild the infrastructure required in the short term.
At the end of 2016, the government of Chile raised the possibility of applying vehiclerestriction to catalytic cars whose registration’s date is prior to 2012, that is, whoseemission standard is Euro 4 or earlier. This legislation has generated controversy becausethe citizen's perception is that it directly affects the middle class since the means to acquirenewer vehicles is not available.As a result of this problem, this thesis proposes as a solution that the governmentauthorize the conversion to vehicular gas of these affected vehicles, allowing freecirculation and reducing emissions.This solution alternative analyzes from the economic, environmental and socialpoint of view, studying the impact and feasibility of carrying out this project.It is concluded that emissions are effectively reduced by converting vehicles tovehicular gas, the tax revenue from fuel tax is not significantly affected as it can be perfectlyreplaced by a rise in the tobacco tax. However, gas distribution companies are not preparedto supply a significant fleet of vehicles, mainly due to the scarce infrastructure of supplystations and distribution networks.From the user's side, there is an interest in finding more sustainable alternatives totransport, and especially cheaper fuels. Various financing alternatives are presented toencourage conversion to vehicular gas, which is perfectly feasible for an average middleclassuser.Meanwhile, for gas distribution companies, this alternative is presented as a bigbusiness, with a strong investment mainly in infrastructure and distribution channels,consolidating vehicular gas as a direct competitor of gasoline or diesel oil, but, it is notpossible to implement it immediately for the target vehicle park, since it is impossible tobuild the infrastructure required in the short term.
Description
Catalogado desde la version PDF de la tesis.
Keywords
CONVERSION DE COMBUSTIBLE , ESTUDIO DE IMPACTO AMBIENTAL , GLP VEHICULAR