Thesis ANALISIS DE CONFIABILIDAD PARA LA IMPLEMENTACION PARA LA IMPLEMENTACION EN INTERRUPTORES DE TRACCION RED METROS S.A.
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Date
2009-07
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Program
DEPARTAMENTO DE INDUSTRIAS. INGENIERÍA CIVIL INDUSTRIAL
Campus
Campus Vitacura, Santiago
Abstract
El presente trabajo plantea una política de mantenimiento para ser implementada en Interruptores de Tracción de la Red de Alimentación Eléctrica de Metro S.A. Para ello se consideran aspectos organizacionales, humanos y técnicos orientados a la mejora de la eficacia en los procesos y actividades vinculadas a los trabajos de mantenimiento. Para el desarrollo de una estrategia adecuada se utiliza la metodología RCM, Reliability Centred Maintenance, que propone un involucramiento de las personas, y en consecuencia su conocimiento y experiencia para la identificación de aspectos críticos que pudieren ocasionar fallas en los sistemas analizados, evaluando las consecuencias y determinando su causalidad. Dos elementos generan la retroalimentación para la definición de una política. Primero, un grupo de análisis conformado por técnicos encargados de la ejecución de las tareas de mantenimiento y ejecutivos responsables de la gestión de las actividades, este es un conjunto multidisciplinario que actúa utilizando la metodología MAFEC, Metodología de Análisis de Fallas sus Efectos y Criticidad, enmarcada en el RCM. Segundo, un análisis de datos obtenido de registros históricos que determinará el comportamiento a la falla de los equipos, a través de un modelamiento matemático que genera información acerca de la confiabilidad y disponibilidad de los equipos. Finalmente, y considerando la estructura de costos de las actividades de mantenimiento, se propone una política que incorpora:1.Mantenimiento Preventivo:1.1.Preventivo Menor: Plan periódico de intervención en los equipos en terreno, realizando limpieza, lubricación y registro de variables mecánicas y eléctricas. 1.2.Inspecciones periódicas en terreno para el registro y seguimiento de variables mecánicas y eléctricas.1.3.Preventivo Mayor: Plan que requiere el reemplazo del equipo y traslado a talleres, sujeto principalmente al desgaste de los contactos de potencia. Las actividades contemplan el reemplazo de componentes desgastados, ensayos de materiales, pruebas de funcionamiento eléctrico y mecánico y la verificación de calibre del equipo.2.Mantenimiento Correctivo: Dependiendo del modo de falla, el equipo será atendido en terreno y solucionada la avería definitivamente o será reemplazado para ser atendido en talleres. Se evaluará para esta última decisión si la intervención altera alguna otra variable mecánica o eléctrica del equipo y si las condiciones del terreno (accesibilidad) lo permiten.
3.Modificaciones al sistema de información SISMAN: La planificación de las actividades de mantenimiento en la actualidad no permiten realizar una trazabilidad óptima de los equipos, generándose información parcializada. Se deberá incorporar hojas de vida para cada equipo en el sistema y que permita también, conocer la ubicación de cada equipo y su historial derotación en las Subestaciones de Rectificación (SER).4.Capacitación: Se elabora un módulo de capacitación enmarcado en el desarrollo de capacitadores internos, plan liderado por el Área de Capacitación de la Sección Calidad de la Gerencia de Mantenimiento. El curso tiene como finalidad realizar una inducción a personal nuevo y un reciclaje de conocimientos a técnicos con mayor antigüedad, en lo que respecta a actividades de mantenimiento y detección y solución de averías. 5.Instructivos de Trabajo: Enmarcado en el Sistema de Gestión de Calidad ISO 9001:2000, se diseña un nuevo instructivo para la verificación de calibre y calibración de Interruptores de Tracción y también se incorporan nuevos elementos al instructivo de mantenimiento mayor, generándose la tercera versión de éste. Con la implementación de estas actividades se espera reducir los costos de mantenimiento preventivo en un 50 %, manteniendo los niveles de disponibilidad de los equipos.
This research scopes a maintenance policy to be implemented in the Traction Switch of the Metro S.A. Electrical Supply Network. Organizational, human, and technical aspects are considered, and oriented to enhance efficiency in the processes and activities related to the maintenance labor.RCM (Reliability Centred Maintenance) methodology is used for the development of an adequate strategy that proposes staff involvement, therefore their knowledge and experience to identify critical aspects that might causefailures in the analyzed systems, evaluating consequences and determining their causes. A definition of feedback policy is generated by two elements. First,an analysis teamformed by technicians in charge of maintenance execution tasks and executives responsible for management activities, this is a multidisciplinary team that works usingthe FMECA methodology (Failure Mode, Effects, and Criticality Analysis), framed in RCM. Second, a database analysis obtained from historic records to determine equipment failure tendencies, through a mathematical modeling that originates information related to equipment reliability and availability. Finally, and considering maintenance activity cost structures, a policy is proposed to include:1.Proactive Maintenance1.1.Low Proactive Maintenance: Periodic intervention planning on –the –field equipment, carrying out cleaning, lubrication and mechanical and electrical variable records.1.2.Periodiccheckouts on the field to record and track mechanical and electrical variable records.1.3.High Proactive Maintenance: Equipment replacement and transportation to workshop planning, mainly subject to power contact wear out. The activities includeworn out component replacement, material tastings, mechanical and electrical functioning testing and equipment calibration tuning. 2.Run to Failure: Depending of failure mode, equipment will be assisted on –the –field and failure will be definitively solved or it will be replaced to be serviced in workshop. This latter decision will be assessed whether this intervention alters any given mechanical or electrical equipment variable or if field conditions allow them. 3.SISMAN 3.0 modifications: Current maintenance activities planning do not allow optimum equipment tracking, generating segmented information. For each equipment history, records shall be incorporated which allows equipment location and its (SER) rotation history as well. 4.Training: A training mode is constructed framed for in –house instructors, a plan to be led by Maintenance Management Quality Section Training Area. The training mode is intended to carry out new staff induction, and knowledge updating for seniors, regarding maintenance actions and failure detection and solution.5.Working condition: Framed within quality management system ISO 9001:2000 a new instructing set is designed to verify and calibrate traction switch as well as to incorporate new elements to high proactive maintenance instruction, becoming the third generation of it.With the implementation of the activities the cost of proactive maintenance is intended to be reduced by 50 % maintaining the equipment availability levels.
This research scopes a maintenance policy to be implemented in the Traction Switch of the Metro S.A. Electrical Supply Network. Organizational, human, and technical aspects are considered, and oriented to enhance efficiency in the processes and activities related to the maintenance labor.RCM (Reliability Centred Maintenance) methodology is used for the development of an adequate strategy that proposes staff involvement, therefore their knowledge and experience to identify critical aspects that might causefailures in the analyzed systems, evaluating consequences and determining their causes. A definition of feedback policy is generated by two elements. First,an analysis teamformed by technicians in charge of maintenance execution tasks and executives responsible for management activities, this is a multidisciplinary team that works usingthe FMECA methodology (Failure Mode, Effects, and Criticality Analysis), framed in RCM. Second, a database analysis obtained from historic records to determine equipment failure tendencies, through a mathematical modeling that originates information related to equipment reliability and availability. Finally, and considering maintenance activity cost structures, a policy is proposed to include:1.Proactive Maintenance1.1.Low Proactive Maintenance: Periodic intervention planning on –the –field equipment, carrying out cleaning, lubrication and mechanical and electrical variable records.1.2.Periodiccheckouts on the field to record and track mechanical and electrical variable records.1.3.High Proactive Maintenance: Equipment replacement and transportation to workshop planning, mainly subject to power contact wear out. The activities includeworn out component replacement, material tastings, mechanical and electrical functioning testing and equipment calibration tuning. 2.Run to Failure: Depending of failure mode, equipment will be assisted on –the –field and failure will be definitively solved or it will be replaced to be serviced in workshop. This latter decision will be assessed whether this intervention alters any given mechanical or electrical equipment variable or if field conditions allow them. 3.SISMAN 3.0 modifications: Current maintenance activities planning do not allow optimum equipment tracking, generating segmented information. For each equipment history, records shall be incorporated which allows equipment location and its (SER) rotation history as well. 4.Training: A training mode is constructed framed for in –house instructors, a plan to be led by Maintenance Management Quality Section Training Area. The training mode is intended to carry out new staff induction, and knowledge updating for seniors, regarding maintenance actions and failure detection and solution.5.Working condition: Framed within quality management system ISO 9001:2000 a new instructing set is designed to verify and calibrate traction switch as well as to incorporate new elements to high proactive maintenance instruction, becoming the third generation of it.With the implementation of the activities the cost of proactive maintenance is intended to be reduced by 50 % maintaining the equipment availability levels.
Description
Keywords
METRO S.A, MANTENCION