Thesis INCORPORACIÓN DE DISPOSITIVOS DE DISIPACIÓN DE ENERGÍA EN LA INTERFAZ ALA-ALMA EN MUROS DE HORMIGÓN ARMADO DE SECCIÓN COMPUESTA
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Date
2018-10
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Program
INGENIERIA CIVIL
Campus
Campus San Joaquín, Santiago
Abstract
Dentro de gran parte del territorio nacional, dada la naturaleza sísmica de Chile y las exigencias de la normativa de diseño aplicable, predomina fuertemente el uso de muros de hormigón armado en la estructuración de edificios, siendo éstos los principales elementos resistentes a solicitaciones laterales. Su amplio uso se debe, en gran parte, al buen comportamiento que han tenido estos elementos durante terremotos pasados. En algunas ocasiones, principalmente en edificios de tipo habitacionales, el diseño arquitectónico utiliza los muros estructurales como elementos divisorios de espacios, lo que se traduce en muros de sección compuesta que muchas veces poseen un comportamiento frágil en uno de los sentidos de carga. Una práctica poco habitual, pero posible, es la dilatación de estos muros de sección compuesta, lo que transforma a estos elementos en una serie de muros de sección rectangular cuyo comportamiento es más predecible, simétrico y minimiza el comportamiento frágil al que se hace alusión. Por otro lado, la filosofía tradicional de diseño sísmico permite que exista daño estructural ante un sismo de gran intensidad, sin embargo, dentro de los últimos años, se ha cuestionado este último punto, puesto que conlleva a altos costos de reparación y largos tiempos de desocupación en edificios dañados, motivo por el cual el mejoramiento del desempeño sísmico es un tema que cada vez cobra mayor relevancia, razón por la cual la incorporación de sistemas de protección sísmica en las estructuras es una herramienta potente que ayuda a mejorar los niveles de desempeño esperados.El objetivo de esta memoria es estudiar y comparar la respuesta estructural de un edificio antes y después de la incorporación de disipadores metálicos tipo ADAS en la interfaz ala-alma que se genera al dilatar los muros de sección compuesta, esto para dos niveles de ductilidad de los disipadores. Se busca comparar la respuesta estructural entre ambas estructuras (con y sin disipadores), en términos de acelereraciones de piso (PFA), desplazamientos de piso (PFD), drifts y corte basal, mediante la realización de un análisis de respuesta en el tiempo, utilizando registros de aceleraciones del terremoto de El Maule (2010). Para esto se realizará un análisis no lineal rápido (FNA) mediante el uso del software SAP2000. Además, se busca realizar una comparación en términos de las solicitaciones desarrolladas en la sección crítica de cada muro, mediante un análisis modal espectral utilizando las disposiciones de la normativa vigente: NCh 433 + DS 61 para la estructura sin disipadores y la NCh 3411 para la estructura con disipadores.
Within a large part of the national territory, given the seismic nature of Chile, the use of reinforced concrete shear walls strongly predominates in the structuring of buildings, these being the main elements resistant to lateral forces. Its wide use is due, in large part, because the good performance these elements have had during past earthquakes. On some occasions, mainly in residential buildings, the architectural design uses the structural shear walls as dividing elements of spaces, which leads into nonrectangular shear walls that often have a fragile behavior in one of its load directions. An unusual but possible practice is to cut this nonrectangular shear wall into several rectangular shear walls whose behavior is more predictable, symmetric and minimizes the fragile behavior mentioned. On the other hand, the traditional philosophy of seismic design allows structural damage after a strong earthquake, however, in recent years, such point has been questioned, since it leads to high repair costs and long periods of unemployment in damaged buildings, which is why the improvement of seismic performance is an issue that increasingly becomes more relevant and which is why the incorporation of seismic protection systems in structures is a powerful resource that helps improving the expected performance level.The objective of this report is to study and compare the structural response of a building before and after the incorporation of ADAS metallic dampers for two levels of ductility. The objective is compare the structural response between both structures (with and without dissipators), in terms of PFA, PFD, Drifts and Base Shear, by performing a time - history analysis, using ground acceleration records from El Maule earthquake (2010). In addition, a comparison is made in terms of the forces in the critical section of each wall, by means of a spectral modal analysis using the provisions of current Chilean normative: NCh 433 + DS 61 for the structure without energy dissipators and the NCh 3411 for the structure with energy dissipators.
Within a large part of the national territory, given the seismic nature of Chile, the use of reinforced concrete shear walls strongly predominates in the structuring of buildings, these being the main elements resistant to lateral forces. Its wide use is due, in large part, because the good performance these elements have had during past earthquakes. On some occasions, mainly in residential buildings, the architectural design uses the structural shear walls as dividing elements of spaces, which leads into nonrectangular shear walls that often have a fragile behavior in one of its load directions. An unusual but possible practice is to cut this nonrectangular shear wall into several rectangular shear walls whose behavior is more predictable, symmetric and minimizes the fragile behavior mentioned. On the other hand, the traditional philosophy of seismic design allows structural damage after a strong earthquake, however, in recent years, such point has been questioned, since it leads to high repair costs and long periods of unemployment in damaged buildings, which is why the improvement of seismic performance is an issue that increasingly becomes more relevant and which is why the incorporation of seismic protection systems in structures is a powerful resource that helps improving the expected performance level.The objective of this report is to study and compare the structural response of a building before and after the incorporation of ADAS metallic dampers for two levels of ductility. The objective is compare the structural response between both structures (with and without dissipators), in terms of PFA, PFD, Drifts and Base Shear, by performing a time - history analysis, using ground acceleration records from El Maule earthquake (2010). In addition, a comparison is made in terms of the forces in the critical section of each wall, by means of a spectral modal analysis using the provisions of current Chilean normative: NCh 433 + DS 61 for the structure without energy dissipators and the NCh 3411 for the structure with energy dissipators.
Description
Catalogado desde la version PDF de la tesis.
Keywords
ANALISIS NO LINEAL RAPIDO (FNA), DISIPACION DE ENERGIA, DISIPADORES SISMICOS, MUROS DE HORMIGON ARMADO