Thesis Estimación del efecto bidireccional generado durante el impacto tablero-estribo en puentes viales ante sismos de gran intensidad
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Date
2025
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Program
Ingeniería Civil
Departament
Campus
Campus Santiago San Joaquín
Abstract
El impacto entre el tablero y los estribos puede influir de manera importante en la respuesta sísmica de puentes, especialmente cuando existe esviaje. En la práctica, muchos modelos consideran únicamente la componente normal del impacto, dejando fuera la fricción, pese a que esta puede modificar la respuesta del sistema. Esta memoria estudia específicamente cómo la fricción presente durante el impacto afecta la rotación del tablero y los desplazamientos en un puente típico chileno, evaluando dos configuraciones geométricas, una sin esviaje y otra con un ángulo de 11°. Para ello, se desarrolló un modelo tridimensional en OpenSees que simula el impacto mediante el elemento FlatSliderBearing junto al material HertzDamp, permitiendo representar de manera integrada la interacción normal y tangencial. Se realizaron 22 análisis tiempo-historia utilizando registros sísmicos ajustados al nivel de demanda definido en la NCh2369-2025, lo que permite evaluar de forma consistente cómo la presencia o ausencia de fricción modifica la respuesta dinámica del tablero durante eventos sísmicos de alta intensidad. La investigación permite identificar de manera directa los efectos que introduce la fricción en cada configuración geométrica, entregando una referencia sobre su rol en la interacción tablero–estribo y sobre cómo puede influir en los mecanismos de rotación y desplazamiento del puente. Los resultados detallados y su análisis se presentan en los capítulos posteriores, donde se discuten las diferencias observadas entre ambas configuraciones.
The impact between the bridge deck and abutments can significantly influence a bridge’s seismic response, especially when skew is present. In practice, many models consider only the normal component of the impact, disregarding friction even though it can alter the system’s response. This thesis specifically examines how friction during impact affects the deck’s rotation and transverse displacements in a typical Chilean bridge, evaluating two geometric configurations, one without skew and another with an 11° skew angle. To accomplish this, a three-dimensional model was developed in OpenSees that simulates the impact using the FlatSliderBearing element coupled with the HertzDamp material, allowing an integrated representation of normal and tangential interaction. Twenty-two time-history analyses were performed using seismic records adjusted to the demand level defined in NCh2369-2025, in order to consistently evaluate how the presence or absence of friction modifies the deck’s dynamic response during high intensity seismic events. This research directly identifies the effects that friction introduces in each geometric configuration, providing insight into its role in the deck–abutment interaction and how it can influence the bridge’s rotation and displacement mechanisms. The detailed results and their analysis are presented in subsequent chapters, where the observed differences between both configurations are discussed.
The impact between the bridge deck and abutments can significantly influence a bridge’s seismic response, especially when skew is present. In practice, many models consider only the normal component of the impact, disregarding friction even though it can alter the system’s response. This thesis specifically examines how friction during impact affects the deck’s rotation and transverse displacements in a typical Chilean bridge, evaluating two geometric configurations, one without skew and another with an 11° skew angle. To accomplish this, a three-dimensional model was developed in OpenSees that simulates the impact using the FlatSliderBearing element coupled with the HertzDamp material, allowing an integrated representation of normal and tangential interaction. Twenty-two time-history analyses were performed using seismic records adjusted to the demand level defined in NCh2369-2025, in order to consistently evaluate how the presence or absence of friction modifies the deck’s dynamic response during high intensity seismic events. This research directly identifies the effects that friction introduces in each geometric configuration, providing insight into its role in the deck–abutment interaction and how it can influence the bridge’s rotation and displacement mechanisms. The detailed results and their analysis are presented in subsequent chapters, where the observed differences between both configurations are discussed.
Description
Keywords
Puente esviado, OpenSees, Impacto bidireccional., Análisis tiempo-historia
