Thesis DISEÑO VOLUMÉTRICO DE UNA MEZCLA ASFÁLTICA EN CALIENTE MEDIANTE LA METODOLOGÍA SUPERPAVE
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Date
2016
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Program
CONSTRUCCIÓN CIVIL
Campus
Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María UTFSM. Casa Central Valparaíso
Abstract
En la práctica del diseño de mezclas asfálticas en caliente durante años se han recurrido a diferentes métodos de diseño en laboratorio, correlacionado con el comportamiento de éstas en el campo. Actualmente el método más utilizado tanto en nuestro país como en gran parte de Latinoamérica, es el método Marshall. En base a esto, la presente memoria para optar al título de Constructor Civil, se enfocó en el desarrollo sistemático del diseño volumétrico de una mezcla asfáltica en caliente, mediante la metodología SUPERPAVE (SUperior PERforming Asphalt PAVEments).La práctica actual de diseño, deja en claro la importancia de lograr óptimas propiedades volumétricas en la carpeta asfáltica terminada, ya que se ha logrado comprobar que de estos factores depende principalmente el desempeño del pavimento en su vida de servicio. En este sentido, resulta fundamental simular adecuadamente en laboratorio lo que ocurre en el campo, tanto en la etapa de construcción de la carpeta asfáltica como también en la compactación que ocurre bajo la acción vehicular.El objetivo principal de esta memoria fue aplicar dicha metodología en el diseño de una mezcla asfáltica en caliente con un agregado de tamaño máximo nominal de 12,5 [mm]. Se dejó en claro mediante su desarrollo, que la principal diferencia de Superpave con los actuales métodos de diseños – como Marshall – es el empleo de un compactador mucho más representativo en términos de su densificación, de esta forma se cumple el objetivo de emular de forma adecuada en laboratorio lo que ocurre en el campo. Por otro lado, se logra proporcionar un ejemplo práctico de diseño, estableciendo las variables y factores más influyentes.En términos generales, el diseño comienza con la selección de los elementos constituyentes de la mezcla asfáltica, es decir, agregado pétreo y ligante asfáltico. Los primeros se caracterizaron considerando los criterios y especificaciones del método. Mientras que el ligante asfáltico sufre un largo proceso de caracterización, a modo de determinar uno de los puntos fuertes de la metodología, como lo es la selección del ligante asfáltico, a través de lo que se denomina Grado de Performance (PG). Posteriormente se seleccionó la estructura del agregado de diseño y el contenido óptimo de ligante asfáltico, cumpliendo con las propiedades de la mezcla y los respectivos criterios establecidos por Superpave. Se finalizó verificando qué tan susceptible era la mezcla de diseño ante la humedad, mediante la norma AASHTO T 283 -07.Los ensayos realizados en todo el desarrollo de la memoria fueron los correspondientes al primer Nivel de diseño Superpave, siguiendo un procedimiento lógico de análisis y estableciendo las principales características del diseño.A través de todo este trabajo, fue posible determinar que la primera mezcla de diseño estimada, cumple con todos los criterios establecidos por la metodología, sin embargo, se requiere un análisis más avanzado para evaluar su compartimiento a futuro (Nivel Intermedio y Avanzado de Superpave).
In the process of the design of hot mix asphalt, for years they have been using different methods in laboratory design, correlated with the behavior of these on the field. Currently the most common method in our country as in much parts of Latin America is the Marshall method. On this basis, the present thesis to obtain the title of Civil Constructor, is focused on the development of a systematic volumetric design of a hot mix asphalt, by Superpave (Superior Performing Asphalt Pavements) methodology.The current design practice, makes clear the importance of achieving optimal volumetric properties in the finished asphalt mix, as it has been proved that these factors depends mainly pavement performance in its service life. In this sense, it is essential to properly simulate in laboratory what happens on the field, both in the construction phase of the asphalt pavement as well as compaction that occurs under the vehicular action.The main objective of this report was to apply this method in the design of a hot mix added with a nominal maximum size of 12.5 [mm]. It was made clear by its development, the main difference between Superpave with the current methods designs - like Marshall - is the use of a much more representative compactor in terms of densification, this allows to emulate properly in laboratory what happens on the field. On the other hand, this is achieved by providing a practical design example, setting the variables and more influential factors.In general terms, this begins with the selection of the elements of the asphalt mixture, this mean, stone aggregate and asphalt binder. The first is characterized according to the criteria and specifications of the method. While the asphalt binder undergoes a long process of characterization, for determining one of the important strengths of the methodology, as is the selection of the asphalt binder, through what is called Performance Grade (PG). Subsequently it was selected the aggregate structure design and optimum asphalt binder content, complying with the properties of the mixture and the respective design criteria established by Superpave. It was completed verifying how susceptible to moisture the mixture design was by AASHTO T 283 - 07.Tests performed throughout the development of the thesis were only for the First Level of Superpave design, following a logical analysis procedure and establishing the main characteristics of the design.Through all this work, it was determined that the first estimated mixture design, meets all the criteria established by the methodology, however, a more advanced analysis is required to evaluate its future behavior (Intermediate and Advanced Superpave)
In the process of the design of hot mix asphalt, for years they have been using different methods in laboratory design, correlated with the behavior of these on the field. Currently the most common method in our country as in much parts of Latin America is the Marshall method. On this basis, the present thesis to obtain the title of Civil Constructor, is focused on the development of a systematic volumetric design of a hot mix asphalt, by Superpave (Superior Performing Asphalt Pavements) methodology.The current design practice, makes clear the importance of achieving optimal volumetric properties in the finished asphalt mix, as it has been proved that these factors depends mainly pavement performance in its service life. In this sense, it is essential to properly simulate in laboratory what happens on the field, both in the construction phase of the asphalt pavement as well as compaction that occurs under the vehicular action.The main objective of this report was to apply this method in the design of a hot mix added with a nominal maximum size of 12.5 [mm]. It was made clear by its development, the main difference between Superpave with the current methods designs - like Marshall - is the use of a much more representative compactor in terms of densification, this allows to emulate properly in laboratory what happens on the field. On the other hand, this is achieved by providing a practical design example, setting the variables and more influential factors.In general terms, this begins with the selection of the elements of the asphalt mixture, this mean, stone aggregate and asphalt binder. The first is characterized according to the criteria and specifications of the method. While the asphalt binder undergoes a long process of characterization, for determining one of the important strengths of the methodology, as is the selection of the asphalt binder, through what is called Performance Grade (PG). Subsequently it was selected the aggregate structure design and optimum asphalt binder content, complying with the properties of the mixture and the respective design criteria established by Superpave. It was completed verifying how susceptible to moisture the mixture design was by AASHTO T 283 - 07.Tests performed throughout the development of the thesis were only for the First Level of Superpave design, following a logical analysis procedure and establishing the main characteristics of the design.Through all this work, it was determined that the first estimated mixture design, meets all the criteria established by the methodology, however, a more advanced analysis is required to evaluate its future behavior (Intermediate and Advanced Superpave)
Description
Catalogado desde la version PDF de la tesis.
Keywords
DISENO VOLUMETRICO, METODOLOGIA SUPERPAVE, MEZCLA ASFALTICA EN CALIENTE