Thesis Análisis exploratorio de la gestión del talento humano en la tercerización del servicios aeroportuarios.
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Date
2023-06
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Program
Ingeniería en Aviación Comercial
Departament
Campus
Campus Santiago Vitacura
Abstract
El sistema aeronáutico es un conjunto de infraestructuras, equipos y servicios que se utilizan para hacer posible el transporte aéreo. Este sistema relaciona a los aeropuertos, las aerolíneas y al pasajero. En este contexto, los servicios aeroportuarios, para esta memoria, se refieren a todas las actividades que ocurren sobre el ala – Above the Wing (ATW) –, que se llevan a cabo en un aeropuerto para asegurar que los vuelos sean seguros, eficientes y cómodos para los pasajeros.
Las aerolíneas buscan subcontratar sus servicios en aeropuertos, pues les permite enfocarse en su núcleo del negocio, acceder a proveedores especializados y minimizar costos, externalizando parte de su costo fijo en costo variable. Por su parte, las desventajas del servicio se materializan tanto en los trabajadores, con una reducción de su motivación y una producción de fatiga física y mental en ellos; como así también en el núcleo del negocio, a través de la pérdida de control del proceso y problemas operacionales y de coordinación ente los proveedores.
Los recursos humanos son esenciales para la operación de un sistema aeronáutico seguro y eficiente. La gestión del talento humano se refiere a todas las actividades relacionadas con la contratación, formación y retención de personal en la industria aeronáutica. La formación y la motivación del personal es especialmente importante para garantizar que los empleados realicen su trabajo de manera segura y eficiente.
Con esto en mente, el objetivo del trabajo es analizar el actual modelo de gestión de talento humano al tercerizar los servicios aeroportuarios, para luego proponer estrategias que potencien el modelo. Para ello se realizaron entrevistas con personal especializado desde dos sectores del sistema aeronáutico, con el fin de saber qué es lo que se está realizando actualmente. En concreto, las entrevistas realizadas fueron con ejecutivos de una aerolínea, en específico, British Airways y de un ground-handler. Finalmente, se compara esta realidad con lo que dice la teoría sobre la gestión del talento humano.
El resultado del trabajo fue que el trabajador que presta servicio a la compañía aérea, pero que no pertenece a la misma, ve reducida su motivación laboral debido a menores ingresos, menores beneficios y mayores actividades que debe realizar. La manera de contrarrestar este efecto es con una correcta gestión, es decir, aplicar las fases del modelo estudiado, permitiendo motivar, retener y potenciar el talento humano dentro de la organización.
Adicionalmente, y debido a la interacción rutinaria entre la compañía aérea y la proveedora de servicios, ambas empresas deben enfocarse en la creación de un entorno de trabajo favorable, es decir, uno que promueva la satisfacción y el compromiso de los empleados subcontratados, necesitándose una comunicación y trabajo en conjunto de ambas organizaciones para potenciarse.
El aumento de calidad laboral y compromiso puede realizarse a través del otorgamiento de beneficios tangibles y no tangibles hacia los colaboradores, provenientes desde ambas partes contractuales. Asimismo, y en segundo plano, el proveedor de servicios en tierra debe darles espacio a los colaboradores para demostrar sus capacidades, adquiriendo nuevos desafíos y escalando dentro de la empresa, además de invertir a la par en programas de formación que fortalezcan las habilidades técnicas y blandas de su personal.
The aeronautical system is a set of infrastructures, equipment, and services that are used to make air transport possible. This system relates to airports, airlines, and the passenger. In this context and for this report, airport services refer to all the activities that occur Above The Wing (ATW), which are carried out at an airport to ensure that flights are safe, efficient, and comfortable for passengers. Airlines seek to outsource their services at airports, as it allows them to focus on their core business, access specialized providers, and minimize costs; outsourcing part of their fixed costs into variable costs. For their part, the disadvantages of the service materialize both in the workers, with a reduction in their motivation and production of physical and mental fatigue in them; as in the core of the business, through the loss of control of the process, and operational and coordination problems between suppliers. Human resources are essential for the operation of a safe and efficient aviation system. Human talent management refers to all activities related to the recruitment, training, and retention of personnel in the aviation industry. Staff training and motivation are particularly important to ensure that employees perform their jobs safely and efficiently. With this in mind, the objective of the work is to analyze the current human talent management model when outsourcing airport services, and then propose strategies that enhance the model. For this, interviews were conducted with specialized personnel from two sectors of the aeronautical system, to find out what is currently being done. The interviews conducted were with executives from an airline, specifically, British Airways, and a ground-handler. Finally, this reality is compared to what the theory says about the management of human talent. The result of the work shows that the worker who provides service to the airline, but who does not belong to it, sees his work motivation reduced due to lower income, lower benefits, and more activities that he must carry out. The way to counteract this effect is with proper management, in other words apply the phases of the studied model, which allows for motivating, retaining, and enhancing human talent within the organization. Additionally, due to the routine interaction between the airline and the service provider, both companies must focus on creating a favorable work environment, i.e., one that promotes the satisfaction and commitment of subcontracted employees, requiring communication and collaborative work. Together both organizations can empower themselves. The increase in labor quality and commitment can be achieved through the granting of tangible and non-tangible benefits to employees, coming from both contractual parties. In addition, in the background, the ground service provider must give employees space to demonstrate their capabilities, acquire new challenges, and scale up within the company, also to invest in training programs that strengthen technical skills and soft on your staff.
The aeronautical system is a set of infrastructures, equipment, and services that are used to make air transport possible. This system relates to airports, airlines, and the passenger. In this context and for this report, airport services refer to all the activities that occur Above The Wing (ATW), which are carried out at an airport to ensure that flights are safe, efficient, and comfortable for passengers. Airlines seek to outsource their services at airports, as it allows them to focus on their core business, access specialized providers, and minimize costs; outsourcing part of their fixed costs into variable costs. For their part, the disadvantages of the service materialize both in the workers, with a reduction in their motivation and production of physical and mental fatigue in them; as in the core of the business, through the loss of control of the process, and operational and coordination problems between suppliers. Human resources are essential for the operation of a safe and efficient aviation system. Human talent management refers to all activities related to the recruitment, training, and retention of personnel in the aviation industry. Staff training and motivation are particularly important to ensure that employees perform their jobs safely and efficiently. With this in mind, the objective of the work is to analyze the current human talent management model when outsourcing airport services, and then propose strategies that enhance the model. For this, interviews were conducted with specialized personnel from two sectors of the aeronautical system, to find out what is currently being done. The interviews conducted were with executives from an airline, specifically, British Airways, and a ground-handler. Finally, this reality is compared to what the theory says about the management of human talent. The result of the work shows that the worker who provides service to the airline, but who does not belong to it, sees his work motivation reduced due to lower income, lower benefits, and more activities that he must carry out. The way to counteract this effect is with proper management, in other words apply the phases of the studied model, which allows for motivating, retaining, and enhancing human talent within the organization. Additionally, due to the routine interaction between the airline and the service provider, both companies must focus on creating a favorable work environment, i.e., one that promotes the satisfaction and commitment of subcontracted employees, requiring communication and collaborative work. Together both organizations can empower themselves. The increase in labor quality and commitment can be achieved through the granting of tangible and non-tangible benefits to employees, coming from both contractual parties. In addition, in the background, the ground service provider must give employees space to demonstrate their capabilities, acquire new challenges, and scale up within the company, also to invest in training programs that strengthen technical skills and soft on your staff.
Description
Keywords
Aerolíneas, Servicios aeroportuarios, Suncontratación, Gestión del Talento Humano, Motivación laboral
