Thesis CARACTERIZACIÓN DEL DESEMPEÑO A FATIGA MEDIANTE EL ENFOQUE FENOMENOLÓGICO Y DE DISIPACIÓN DE ENERGÍA DE MEZCLAS ASFÁLTICAS CHILENAS
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Date
2013
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Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María UTFSM. Casa Central Valparaíso
Abstract
El comportamiento a fatiga de las mezclas asfálticas en caliente (MAC), ha sido caracterizado tradicionalmente usando un enfoque fenomenológico, donde se relaciona el nivel de deformación (o esfuerzo) con el número de ciclos para alcanzar una condición de falla especificada (Nf). Aunque existen varios tipos de ensayos para lograr esta caracterización, en los últimos años se ha extendido el uso de la viga a flexión cargada en cuatro puntos. Por otra parte, aun cuando el enfoque tradicional es simple, no proporciona una relación única entre la vida a fatiga y la deformación, lo cual dependerá de las propiedades del material, de la duración del pulso de carga y de la temperatura, entre otros. Es así, como se han desarrollado otros métodos, basados en la disipación de energía, que buscan unificar esta relación por medio de alguna propiedad fundamental. La Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María se encuentra ejecutando el proyecto FONDEF D09I1174, donde se estudia el comportamiento de MAC usadas en la rehabilitación de pavimentos deteriorados, para desarrollar mezclas optimizadas con desempeño garantizado. La caracterización del comportamiento a fatiga de estas mezclas, es fundamental para poder garantizar su desempeño. El objetivo de este trabajo, es presentar los resultados de los ensayos de viga a flexión cargada en cuatro puntos, a deformación controlada, con onda de carga tipo sinusoidal a 10 Hz y 20oC, realizados sobre cinco MAC: IV-A-12 con betún convencional y modificado, M-10 con betún modificado y SMA con dos tipos de fibras. La caracterización a fatiga de estas mezclas se realizó en primer lugar, a través las curvas de fatiga del tipo fenomenológico, en donde además, se presenta el análisis de los parámetros de ajuste de potencia, k1 y k2. Para luego caracterizar por medio de la razón de cambio de la energía disipada (valor de plató) propuesta por Shen y Carpenter (2005), la cual estima la vida a la fatiga como una función de la deformación por tracción, rigidez a flexión, parámetros volumétricos y granulométricos. Como este modelo fue incapaz de entregar una predicción precisa, se propone un nuevo modelo mejorado, basado en el módulo de corte dinámico y el ángulo de fase del bitumen más parámetros volumétricos.
The behavior of a hot-mix asphalt (HMA) mixture has been traditionally characterized using a phenomenological approach, where the level of strain (or stress) is related to the number of cycles to reach a specified failing condition. Although there are several types of tests to achieve this characterization, in recent years has expanded the use of the beam in four points bending loaded. On the other hand, even though the traditional approach is simple, it does not give a unique relation between fatigue life and strain, which depends on the material properties, load pulse duration and temperatures, among others. Other methods, based on dissipated energy, have been developed seeking unify this relationship by means of some fundamental property. The Universidad Técnica Federico Santa Maria is carrying out the research project FONDEF D09I1174, with the goal to study the HMA’s behavior for pavement rehabilitation to develop optimized mixtures with warrantied performance. The fatigue characterization of these mixtures is essential to accomplish the proposed goal. The objective of this study is present the results of the four-point bending beam tests, under control strain, using a sinusoidal load at 10 Hz and 20°C, applied over five Chilean HMA: IV-A-12 with neat and polymer modified binders, N-10 with polymer modified binder, and Stone Mastic Asphalt mixtures with two types of fibers. The fatigue characterization of these mixtures was performed first; through phenomenological fatigue curves, where also presents the analysis of power fitting parameters, k1 y k2. And then characterized by the ratio of dissipated energy change concept (plateau value) proposed by Shen and Carpenter (2005), which estimates fatigue life as a function of tensile strain, flexural stiffness, and a volumetric and gradation parameter. As this model was unable to give accurate predictions, a new improved model, based on binder’s dynamic shear modulus, phase angle and volumetrics parameters, was proposed.
The behavior of a hot-mix asphalt (HMA) mixture has been traditionally characterized using a phenomenological approach, where the level of strain (or stress) is related to the number of cycles to reach a specified failing condition. Although there are several types of tests to achieve this characterization, in recent years has expanded the use of the beam in four points bending loaded. On the other hand, even though the traditional approach is simple, it does not give a unique relation between fatigue life and strain, which depends on the material properties, load pulse duration and temperatures, among others. Other methods, based on dissipated energy, have been developed seeking unify this relationship by means of some fundamental property. The Universidad Técnica Federico Santa Maria is carrying out the research project FONDEF D09I1174, with the goal to study the HMA’s behavior for pavement rehabilitation to develop optimized mixtures with warrantied performance. The fatigue characterization of these mixtures is essential to accomplish the proposed goal. The objective of this study is present the results of the four-point bending beam tests, under control strain, using a sinusoidal load at 10 Hz and 20°C, applied over five Chilean HMA: IV-A-12 with neat and polymer modified binders, N-10 with polymer modified binder, and Stone Mastic Asphalt mixtures with two types of fibers. The fatigue characterization of these mixtures was performed first; through phenomenological fatigue curves, where also presents the analysis of power fitting parameters, k1 y k2. And then characterized by the ratio of dissipated energy change concept (plateau value) proposed by Shen and Carpenter (2005), which estimates fatigue life as a function of tensile strain, flexural stiffness, and a volumetric and gradation parameter. As this model was unable to give accurate predictions, a new improved model, based on binder’s dynamic shear modulus, phase angle and volumetrics parameters, was proposed.
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Digitalizado de su versión en papel
Keywords
NIVEL DE DEFORMACIÓN, FONDEF D09I1174, ASFALTO FATIGA, PAVIMENTOS DE ASFALTO