Thesis DEFINICIÓN DE CRITERIOS ESTRATÉGICOS PARA ESTANDARIZAR PROCESO DE MANTENIMIENTO EN PLANTA DE BIOENERGÍA PARA ASERRADEROS DETAMAÑO MEDIANO
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Date
2016
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Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María UTFSM. Casa Central Valparaíso
Abstract
Debido a la falla producida en un equipo de la Planta Arauco Bioenergía Viñales, la cual obligó una paralización de emergencia de la generación energética por 4 días, gerencia decide realizar una definición y clasificación de equipos críticos que detengan la producción de la planta, bajo ciertos modos de falla que puedan tener, además de actualizar y crear las rutinas de inspección y mantenimiento preventivo de las diversas áreas de la planta. Tales tareas serán desarrolladas en el presente trabajo de título.Luego de detallar el proceso de producción de energía de la planta, se reunió la información del historial de fallas que se registra el funcionamiento de 4 años de la empresa, junto con las rutas de mantención actuales, se realiza el seguimiento en la realización de éstas por el personal operador de equipos.Mediante visitas en terreno, entrevistas con técnicos, personal de gerencia y realización de reuniones junto a jefaturas de distintas áreas, se definieron los criterios más importantes que debe considerar el estudio para definir un equipo como crítico, incluyendo aspectos de seguridad, costos, tiempos de detención, impacto medioambiental, facilidad de detección de la falla y frecuencia de aparición de ésta. Se acordó aplicar el estudio a dos equipos: el harnero de discos y el triturador.Se realizó un árbol de fallas para clasificar las distintas formas de falla en cada uno de los componentes de ambos equipos. Utilizando el método de análisis de modos de falla de sus efectos y criticidad AMFEC, se diseñó una matriz de criticidad a partir de éstos modos de fallo y basándose en los criterios de criticidad se generó una lista de los modos de fallo más importantes de los equipos. Una vez obtenido los modos de falla críticos de cada equipo y corroborando éstos resultados con los empleados de la planta, se agregó el factor costo de reparación de la falla para obtener un diagrama de Pareto, enfocando con esto las inspecciones de mantenimiento en cerca del 80% de las fallas del equipo.Debido a que la planta está en operación hace solo 4 años, el historial de fallas no es muy amplio, además existen componentes que aún no han sido reemplazados ni sufrido fallas, por lo que como medida de aplicación a futuro, se realizó un análisis de los parámetros de Weibull con los datos existentes. Con esto fue posible establecer la posición del equipo dentro de la curva de la bañera, así como también el tiempo óptimo de intervención del equipo.Finalmente se hizo una revisión de las pautas de mantenimiento con el fin de asegurar la correcta inspección a los modos de falla críticas de los equipos, junto con una propuesta de mantenimiento para las fallas que no son vistas por las rutas. Se sugirió a la empresa aplicar estos métodos a mediano plazo una vez ampliado el historial de fallas, a modo de realizar oportunamente la mantención de los equipos y predecir futuras fallas.
Due to a failure on an equipment of the Arauco Viñales bioenergy plant, which forced an emergency stop of the energetic generations for 4 full days, the management decides to define and classify the critical equipment that could stop the plant under some failures that they could present, also updating and creating the inspection and preventive maintenance routines of the different areas of the plant. This tasks will be developed in this thesis.After detailing the energy production process of the plant, the information about the history of failure was gathered, this information details the failures that have occurred on the 4 years that the plant has been functioning, along with the actual maintenance routes, the follow up of this is performed by the operation personal of the equipment.Through field visits, interviews with the technicians, managers and by having reunions with the people in charge of the areas, the most important criteria to consider in the study were selected so an equipment could be defined as critical, including aspects of safety, costs, loss time, impact on the environment, easiness of detection and rate of appearance. It’s accorded to apply the study to two equipment: the disc mill and the bark shredder.A failure tree was developed to classify the different failure forms on each component of both equipment. Using the analysis method of failure mode, it’s effects and criticality AMFEC, a critically matrix is designed according to the failure modes and based on the criticality criteria, a list of the more important failure modes is generated. Once obtained the critical failure modes of each equipment and checking these results with the plant employees, the repairmen cost is added to obtain a Pareto Diagram, focused on these maintenance inspections on close to 80% of the equipment’s failures.Because the plant is only operating from 4 years ago, the failure history is not that wide, and also there are components that have not been replaced or have suffered failures, because of this as future measure, an analysis of Weibull parameters is made with the existing data. With this analysis was possible to determine the position of the equipment on the tub diagram, and also the optimum time of intervention for the equipment.Finally the maintenance regimens were checked to ensure the correct inspection to the failure methods of the equipment, along with the maintenance proposal to the failures that are not included on the routes. It’s suggested to the plant that these methods are applied on a mid-range timeline, once the failure history is extended, so the maintenance could be performed on time, and the failures predicted.
Due to a failure on an equipment of the Arauco Viñales bioenergy plant, which forced an emergency stop of the energetic generations for 4 full days, the management decides to define and classify the critical equipment that could stop the plant under some failures that they could present, also updating and creating the inspection and preventive maintenance routines of the different areas of the plant. This tasks will be developed in this thesis.After detailing the energy production process of the plant, the information about the history of failure was gathered, this information details the failures that have occurred on the 4 years that the plant has been functioning, along with the actual maintenance routes, the follow up of this is performed by the operation personal of the equipment.Through field visits, interviews with the technicians, managers and by having reunions with the people in charge of the areas, the most important criteria to consider in the study were selected so an equipment could be defined as critical, including aspects of safety, costs, loss time, impact on the environment, easiness of detection and rate of appearance. It’s accorded to apply the study to two equipment: the disc mill and the bark shredder.A failure tree was developed to classify the different failure forms on each component of both equipment. Using the analysis method of failure mode, it’s effects and criticality AMFEC, a critically matrix is designed according to the failure modes and based on the criticality criteria, a list of the more important failure modes is generated. Once obtained the critical failure modes of each equipment and checking these results with the plant employees, the repairmen cost is added to obtain a Pareto Diagram, focused on these maintenance inspections on close to 80% of the equipment’s failures.Because the plant is only operating from 4 years ago, the failure history is not that wide, and also there are components that have not been replaced or have suffered failures, because of this as future measure, an analysis of Weibull parameters is made with the existing data. With this analysis was possible to determine the position of the equipment on the tub diagram, and also the optimum time of intervention for the equipment.Finally the maintenance regimens were checked to ensure the correct inspection to the failure methods of the equipment, along with the maintenance proposal to the failures that are not included on the routes. It’s suggested to the plant that these methods are applied on a mid-range timeline, once the failure history is extended, so the maintenance could be performed on time, and the failures predicted.
Description
Catalogado desde la version PDF de la tesis.
Keywords
ASERRADERO, CONFIABILIDAD, CRITICIDAD, EQUIPOS CRITICOS