Thesis PROPUESTA DE UN SISTEMA DE GESTIÓN AMBIENTAL, DE SEGURIDAD Y SALUD OCUPACIONAL. UNA HERRAMIENTA PARA MEJORAR LA COMPETITIVIDAD DE LA EMPRESA
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Date
2014-10
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Program
DEPARTAMENTO DE INGENIERÍA COMERCIAL. MAGÍSTER EN GESTIÓN EMPRESARIAL-MBA
Campus
Campus Vitacura, Santiago
Abstract
La presente tesis aborda la problemática de un número determinado de empresas en los
sistemas integrados de gestión, basado en las normas ISO 14001:2004 y OHSAS
18001:2007 cuyos objetivos principales son los requisitos de un sistema de gestión
ambiental y los requisitos de un sistema de seguridad-salud ocupacional, y la manera de
mejorar la competitividad y el posicionamiento de la empresa, a través de la aplicación de
una herramienta que les permita implementar un sistema de gestión integrado.
En forma resumida, lo que se plantea en la presente tesis es una integración de los
requisitos normativos de ISO 14001:2004 y OHSAS 18001:2007, mediante una
herramienta elaborada por la autora, que permita evaluar los requisitos de las normas
mencionadas para lograr una estandarización y posteriormente la implementación del
sistema integrado de gestión. Mediante una adecuada aplicación de la herramienta se
obtienen valores a través de información cualitativa y cuantitativa evidenciada en la
organización, las que son tabuladas de manera integral y no independiente como se suele
trabajar por lo general, lo que mejora el sistema de gestión en la empresa. El
funcionamiento de este proceso de evaluación de los requisitos normativos, mediante la
herramienta integrada de evaluación, con el objetivo de evaluar en terreno el estado de
las empresas, es realizado en una primera etapa con todos los involucrados y
colaboradores de la empresa, estos pasan por una serie de preguntas para la obtención
de información mediante declaraciones y la demostración de documentos de los requisitos
ISO 14001:2004 y OHSAS 18001:2007, evaluados objetivamente y de esta manera
trabajar integralmente.
Así entonces, para realizar el presente trabajo, se ha utilizado el caso de los proveedores
de GERDAU AZA, compañía líder en la producción de aceros largos en el continente
americano y una de las principales proveedoras de aceros largos especiales del mundo.
Cuenta con más de 45.000 colaboradores y operaciones industriales en 14 países- en el
continente americano, europeo y asiático- las que suman una capacidad instalada
superior a 25 millones de toneladas de acero. Es la más grande recicladora de
Latinoamérica, y transforma anualmente millones de toneladas de chatarra en acero. Con
cerca de 140.000 accionistas, Gerdau está listada en las bolsas de valores de Sao Pablo,
Nueva York y Madrid.
A través del sistema de gestión integral, propuesto por la autora de la tesis, se logra
establecer el nivel de déficit que posee la organización con los sistemas de gestión
ambiental y de seguridad- salud ocupacional. A partir de dichos resultados, y con la ayuda
de un plan de acción, se logra establecer un conjunto de recomendaciones prácticas para
los empresarios y dueños de proceso, con el fin de obtener el máximo desempeño de la
organización.
Dentro de los hallazgos relevantes de la presente tesis, se identificó que en la etapa de
implementación de la herramienta integrada, se obtiene una importante diferencia de
resultados entre la aplicación individual por los requisitos de cada norma en comparación
con la herramienta integrada. Es decir, los resultados son dirigidos para lograr un óptimo
desempeño de la organización. Además, fue posible determinar los recursos necesarios
en la implementación y poder dimensionar el período de duración de dicha
implementación bajo un sistema integrado de gestión.
Finalmente, se puede concluir que la presente tesis entrega una valiosa herramienta de
evaluación, que no existía en el mercado, con el fin de aportar al trabajo en los líderes de
las empresas, y en general, para evaluar a sus organizaciones, obtener su nivel de
madurez o de cumplimiento legal, y determinar en consecuencia las actividades a utilizar
para llegar a desarrollar un sistema de gestión integrado.
This thesis addresses the problem of a number of companies in integrated management systems based on ISO 14001: 2004 and OHSAS 18001: 2007 whose main objectives are the requirements for an environmental management system and system requirements occupational safety-health, and how to improve the competitiveness and positioning of the company, through the implementation of a tool that allows them to implement an integrated management system. Briefly, what is presented in this thesis is an integration of the regulatory requirements of ISO 14001: 2004 and OHSAS 18001: 2007, using a tool developed by the author to assess the requirements of the above standards to achieve standardization and subsequently the implementation of the integrated management system. Through proper application of the tool values through qualitative and quantitative information evidenced in the organization are obtained, which are tabulated holistically and not independent as they work generally, improving the management system in the company. The operation of this evaluation process with regulatory requirements through integrated assessment, in order to assess ground state enterprises, is performed in a first step with all stakeholders and partners of the company tool, they pass by a series of questions to obtain information through statements and documents demonstrating the requirements of ISO 14001: 2004 and OHSAS 18001: 2007, objectively evaluated and thus work fully. So then, for this paper, has been used for Gerdau AZA providers, leading producer of long steel in the Americas and one of the leading suppliers of specialty long steel company in the world. It has more than 45,000 employees and operations in 14 countries-industrial in the Americas, Europe and the Asian-with a total of over 25 million tons of steel capacity. It is the largest recycler in Latin America, and transforms annually millions of tons of scrap into steel. With nearly 140,000 shareholders, Gerdau is listed on the stock exchanges of Sao Paulo, New York and Madrid. Through the integrated management system, proposed by the author of the thesis, it is possible to establish the level of deficit that the organization has environmental management systems, and security occupational health. From these results, and with the help of a plan of action, we can establish a set of practical recommendations for business and process owners, in order to maximize organizational performance. Among the key findings of this thesis, it was identified that at the stage of implementation of the integrated tool, an important difference between the results obtained by the individual application requirements of each standard compared to the integrated tool. That is, the results are targeted for optimal organizational performance. It was also possible to determine the resources needed to implement and take the measure of the duration of such implementation on an integrated management system. Finally, it can be concluded that this thesis provides a valuable assessment tool that did not exist in the market, in order to contribute to the work on business leaders, and in general, to assess their organizations, get your level maturity or legal compliance, and consequently determine the activities to be used to eventually develop a management system integrated.
This thesis addresses the problem of a number of companies in integrated management systems based on ISO 14001: 2004 and OHSAS 18001: 2007 whose main objectives are the requirements for an environmental management system and system requirements occupational safety-health, and how to improve the competitiveness and positioning of the company, through the implementation of a tool that allows them to implement an integrated management system. Briefly, what is presented in this thesis is an integration of the regulatory requirements of ISO 14001: 2004 and OHSAS 18001: 2007, using a tool developed by the author to assess the requirements of the above standards to achieve standardization and subsequently the implementation of the integrated management system. Through proper application of the tool values through qualitative and quantitative information evidenced in the organization are obtained, which are tabulated holistically and not independent as they work generally, improving the management system in the company. The operation of this evaluation process with regulatory requirements through integrated assessment, in order to assess ground state enterprises, is performed in a first step with all stakeholders and partners of the company tool, they pass by a series of questions to obtain information through statements and documents demonstrating the requirements of ISO 14001: 2004 and OHSAS 18001: 2007, objectively evaluated and thus work fully. So then, for this paper, has been used for Gerdau AZA providers, leading producer of long steel in the Americas and one of the leading suppliers of specialty long steel company in the world. It has more than 45,000 employees and operations in 14 countries-industrial in the Americas, Europe and the Asian-with a total of over 25 million tons of steel capacity. It is the largest recycler in Latin America, and transforms annually millions of tons of scrap into steel. With nearly 140,000 shareholders, Gerdau is listed on the stock exchanges of Sao Paulo, New York and Madrid. Through the integrated management system, proposed by the author of the thesis, it is possible to establish the level of deficit that the organization has environmental management systems, and security occupational health. From these results, and with the help of a plan of action, we can establish a set of practical recommendations for business and process owners, in order to maximize organizational performance. Among the key findings of this thesis, it was identified that at the stage of implementation of the integrated tool, an important difference between the results obtained by the individual application requirements of each standard compared to the integrated tool. That is, the results are targeted for optimal organizational performance. It was also possible to determine the resources needed to implement and take the measure of the duration of such implementation on an integrated management system. Finally, it can be concluded that this thesis provides a valuable assessment tool that did not exist in the market, in order to contribute to the work on business leaders, and in general, to assess their organizations, get your level maturity or legal compliance, and consequently determine the activities to be used to eventually develop a management system integrated.
Description
Keywords
ISO14001:2004, OHSAS18001:2007