Thesis Propuesta metodológica para cálculo de peajes por uso de instalaciones de transmisión dedicadas de clientes libres conectados a distribución
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Date
2026-03
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Program
Ingeniería Civil Eléctrica
Departament
Campus
Campus Casa Central Valparaíso
Abstract
La reciente migración de clientes regulados al régimen libre ha detonado un proceso de reclasificación masiva de instalaciones de transmisión, transformando activos zonales en dedicados. Esta situación ha generado un vacío regulatorio para los clientes libres conectados a redes de distribución, quienes deben enfrentar negociaciones tarifarias asimétricas sin una metodología estandarizada que garantice precios justos. El presente estudio tiene por objetivo definir estrategias de tarificación eficientes para este segmento. Para ello, se desarrolló una metodología de identificación basada en teoría de grafos y procesamiento de bases de datos oficiales (CNE/CEN), logrando catastrar el universo de activos y usuarios afectados. Posteriormente, se modelaron y simularon cuatro metodologías tarifarias (M1: Máximas Anuales, M2: Potencia Conectada, M3: Máximas Diarias, M4: Energía), aplicadas a un caso de estudio de 55 clientes reales durante el período 2024–2027. Los resultados del análisis cuantitativo demuestran que la Metodología 1 tiende a ser la alternativa más costosa, penalizando a clientes con bajo factor de carga. Se evidenció, además, un conflicto de suficiencia de ingresos: las tarifas de precio fijo (M1 y M3) generan riesgos de déficit o sobre-recaudación para el transmisor, mientras que los esquemas de prorrateo (M2 y M4) aseguran el equilibrio financiero exacto. Mediante un score económico robusto que pondera precio efectivo y volatilidad, se estableció que la Metodología 3 constituye la principal referencia económica en todas las carteras analizadas, manteniendo su primera prioridad bajo tres escenarios de ponderación distintos. El análisis de sensibilidad confirmó que los supuestos del modelo son aproximaciones controladas, cuya relajación no altera la estrategia de negociación. Se concluye que(...).
The recent migration of regulated customers to the free market regime has triggered a massive reclassification of transmission facilities, shifting assets from the zonal to the dedicated segment. This situation has created a regulatory gap for free customers connected to distribu tion networks, who face asymmetric tariff negotiations without a standardized methodology to ensure fair pricing. This study aims to define efficient tariff strategies for this segment. An identification metho dology based on graph theory and official database processing (CNE/CEN) was developed to catalog the affected assets and users. Subsequently, four tariff methodologies (M1: Annual Peaks, M2: Connected Power, M3: Daily Peaks, M4: Energy) were modeled and simulated on a case study of 55 real customers over the 2024–2027 period. Quantitative analysis results demonstrate that Methodology 1 tends to be the most expen sive alternative, penalizing customers with low load factors. A revenue sufficiency conflict was also evidenced: fixed-price tariffs (M1 and M3) generate risks of deficit or over-collection for the transmitter, whereas proportional allocation schemes (M2 and M4) ensure exact financial equilibrium. Through a robust economic score that weighs effective price and volatility, Metho dology 3 was established as the primary economic reference across all analyzed portfolios, maintaining its first priority under three different weighting scenarios. Sensitivity analysis confirmed that the model assumptions are controlled approximations whose relaxation does not alter the negotiation strategy. It is concluded that(...).
The recent migration of regulated customers to the free market regime has triggered a massive reclassification of transmission facilities, shifting assets from the zonal to the dedicated segment. This situation has created a regulatory gap for free customers connected to distribu tion networks, who face asymmetric tariff negotiations without a standardized methodology to ensure fair pricing. This study aims to define efficient tariff strategies for this segment. An identification metho dology based on graph theory and official database processing (CNE/CEN) was developed to catalog the affected assets and users. Subsequently, four tariff methodologies (M1: Annual Peaks, M2: Connected Power, M3: Daily Peaks, M4: Energy) were modeled and simulated on a case study of 55 real customers over the 2024–2027 period. Quantitative analysis results demonstrate that Methodology 1 tends to be the most expen sive alternative, penalizing customers with low load factors. A revenue sufficiency conflict was also evidenced: fixed-price tariffs (M1 and M3) generate risks of deficit or over-collection for the transmitter, whereas proportional allocation schemes (M2 and M4) ensure exact financial equilibrium. Through a robust economic score that weighs effective price and volatility, Metho dology 3 was established as the primary economic reference across all analyzed portfolios, maintaining its first priority under three different weighting scenarios. Sensitivity analysis confirmed that the model assumptions are controlled approximations whose relaxation does not alter the negotiation strategy. It is concluded that(...).
Description
Keywords
Clientes libres, Transmisión eléctrica, Peajes dedicados, Regulación energética
