Thesis Metodología de seguimiento y control de procesos basada en la integración de herramientas de gestión
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Date
2011-06
Authors
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Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Program
Ingeniería Comercial
Departament
Campus
Campus Santiago Vitacura
Abstract
El presente trabajo trata de la elaboración de una guía acerca de una implantación de gestión por procesos en organizaciones prestadoras de servicio, donde se detalla la información clave para llevarla a cabo. Posteriormente se presenta un caso aplicado a un proceso específico de la Clínica Dávila, con el objetivo de poner en práctica la información entregada. Para implantar una gestión por procesos en primer lugar se debe realizar una identificación y clasificación de los procesos que formaran parte. Para su clasificación, se deberá tomar en cuenta el impacto que ejerzan los procesos sobre el cliente al momento de entregar el servicio y serán clasificados en procesos Clave, estratégicos y de Apoyo. Posteriormente se deberán identificar los indicadores, a través de los cuales será posible medir su desempeño y realizar un seguimiento y control de cada proceso. En caso que se presente algún tipo de variabilidad en el proceso, será necesario implementar una propuesta de mejora con el fin de perfeccionar el funcionamiento de aquellos procesos que sea necesario Respecto al caso aplicado, para la identificación de los procesos, se consideró la misión y visión de la clínica, donde su principal objetivo es poder entregar a sus clientes un servicio de calidad a bajo costo. Respecto a los clientes que forman parte de la clínica, se identificaron como clientes internos todos aquellos funcionarios profesionales y técnicos y como clientes externos a todos los pacientes, familiares, ISAPRE, FONASA y aquellas instituciones que realizan convenios con la clínica como empresa o colegios. Posterior a la identificación de los procesos, se realizó su clasificación. Como procesos clave se encuentran los procesos de Atención vía Call Center, Atención en caja y Atención Médica; los cuales fueron seleccionados como los más relevantes en base a los requerimientos del cliente. Para continuar con el desarrollo del trabajo se decidió elegir uno de los tres procesos clave, donde el criterio de selección fue respecto a un bajo control del proceso. El proceso elegido fue el de Atención en caja. Luego se identificaron los indicadores, considerando que las características que esperan los clientes del servicio es poder recibir una atención rápida y eficiente, donde los indicadores seleccionados fueron Tiempo de atención en caja, Tiempo de espera en fila, Número de pacientes atendidos cada 30 minutos, Número de pacientes que debiesen ser atendidos cada 30 minutos. Después de tener los indicadores, se estudió el funcionamiento del proceso, a través del sistema utilizado, Medysin, y en base a una toma de muestra de un 10% del flujo diario de pacientes. El horario peak de lunes a viernes es entre las 08:00 y 12:00 horas. De acuerdo al flujo de pacientes y al número de módulos disponibles por bloque, fue posible deducir que un funcionario atiende en promedio 3 pacientes, en horario normal, y 4 pacientes en horario peak. Se realizará el estudio en base al horario peak, dado que es aquí cuando la demanda sobrepasa la máxima capacidad del servicio. El tiempo de atención en caja por pacientes es en promedio de 4.4 minutos, y un paciente debe esperar en promedio 10.6 minutos cuando hay 10 pacientes en espera y existen 6 módulos disponibles. Se concluye que el tiempo de atención total (tiempo de atención más tiempo de espera) es en promedio de 15 minutos, por lo que a través de herramientas de calidad, fue posible determinar que el bajo rendimiento del proceso se basa en la escasa supervisión, por lo a través de un plan de mejora se espera que a través de un aumento de supervisión, aumente el número de módulos disponibles de 6 a 7, (actualmente se encuentran los 7 contratados), que el número de pacientes atendidos por modulo aumente de 4 a 5, y por ende aumente el número de pacientes atendidos por bloque a 35 pacientes. En base a lo anterior, se espera que el tiempo de espera en fila disminuya a 7.29 minutos, y por consiguiente el tiempo total disminuya a al menos 11.7 minutos.
This paper provides a guide about a process management implementation in service provider organizations, which details key information to carry out. Afterward it is possible to find an applied study case related to a specific process of the Davila Medical Center, in order to apply the provided information. In order to implement a process management, the first thing to do is to identify and classify the processes that are going to be part of it. To classify the process, it’s necessary to considerate its impact over the customer at the moment the service is provided. The processes would be classified in Key, strategic and support process. Subsequently, should be identify the key indicators, through which it’s going to be possible to measure the process performance besides to monitoring and controlling the identify processes. If there’s any process’ variability, it’s going to be necessary to hand over an improvement suggestion in order to increase the performance of those processes which would be necessary. Regarding to the study case, the mission and vision of the organization where considerate in order to identify the processes, where the main target it’s to be able to provide a quality service at low prices. Relating to the customers that belong to the Medical Center, where identified as internal customers all of those professional and technician workers, and as external customers where identified the patients, their families, ISAPRE, FONASA and all of those institutions as companies or schools who want to make convenience agreements with the Medical Center. After the processes identification was made their classification. As key processes it’s possible to find the Call Center Attention process, the checkout Process and the Medical Attention process; which were chosen as the most important processes regarding customer requirements. To continue with the development of this study, it was decided to choose one of the three key processes, where the main selection criterion was made considering it minor process control. The chosen one was the checkout process. Once the processes were classified the key performance indicators were identified, considering that the most important characteristics that customers expect about the service are to get a fast and efficient attention. Choose key indicators are Checkout attention time, Waiting in line time, Number of attended patients every 30 minutes and number of patients that should be attended every 30 minutes. After choose the key indicators, was able to study the process performance, through the Medysin software and through a 10% sampling of the daily patients flow. The peak hours from Monday to Friday are between 08:00 y 12:00 O’clock. According to the patients flow and to the number of available attention stands per time block, it was possible to find out that a cashier is able to attend 3 customers in normal hours and 4 customers in peak hours. For the following steps, will be considerate just the peak hours, since is in this time where the demand exceeds the maximum service capability. The length of the provide service is 4.4 minutes average, and a patient has to wait 10.6 minutes average when there’s 10 patients waiting before him and are 6 available attention stands. It can be conclude that the overall attention time (Checkout attention time + Waiting in line time) is 15 minutes average, where through quality tools it was possible to determinate that the lower performance of the process is based on a weak supervision program, so through an improvement plan it’s expected to increase the number of available stands from 6 to 7 (currently are 7 hire cashiers), that the number of attended patients by every stand increase from 4 to 5 and thus increase the number of attended patients to 35 each time block. Based on the foregoing, its expected that the waiting in line time decrease to at least 7.29 minutes and therefore the total attention time decrease to at least 11.7 minutes.
This paper provides a guide about a process management implementation in service provider organizations, which details key information to carry out. Afterward it is possible to find an applied study case related to a specific process of the Davila Medical Center, in order to apply the provided information. In order to implement a process management, the first thing to do is to identify and classify the processes that are going to be part of it. To classify the process, it’s necessary to considerate its impact over the customer at the moment the service is provided. The processes would be classified in Key, strategic and support process. Subsequently, should be identify the key indicators, through which it’s going to be possible to measure the process performance besides to monitoring and controlling the identify processes. If there’s any process’ variability, it’s going to be necessary to hand over an improvement suggestion in order to increase the performance of those processes which would be necessary. Regarding to the study case, the mission and vision of the organization where considerate in order to identify the processes, where the main target it’s to be able to provide a quality service at low prices. Relating to the customers that belong to the Medical Center, where identified as internal customers all of those professional and technician workers, and as external customers where identified the patients, their families, ISAPRE, FONASA and all of those institutions as companies or schools who want to make convenience agreements with the Medical Center. After the processes identification was made their classification. As key processes it’s possible to find the Call Center Attention process, the checkout Process and the Medical Attention process; which were chosen as the most important processes regarding customer requirements. To continue with the development of this study, it was decided to choose one of the three key processes, where the main selection criterion was made considering it minor process control. The chosen one was the checkout process. Once the processes were classified the key performance indicators were identified, considering that the most important characteristics that customers expect about the service are to get a fast and efficient attention. Choose key indicators are Checkout attention time, Waiting in line time, Number of attended patients every 30 minutes and number of patients that should be attended every 30 minutes. After choose the key indicators, was able to study the process performance, through the Medysin software and through a 10% sampling of the daily patients flow. The peak hours from Monday to Friday are between 08:00 y 12:00 O’clock. According to the patients flow and to the number of available attention stands per time block, it was possible to find out that a cashier is able to attend 3 customers in normal hours and 4 customers in peak hours. For the following steps, will be considerate just the peak hours, since is in this time where the demand exceeds the maximum service capability. The length of the provide service is 4.4 minutes average, and a patient has to wait 10.6 minutes average when there’s 10 patients waiting before him and are 6 available attention stands. It can be conclude that the overall attention time (Checkout attention time + Waiting in line time) is 15 minutes average, where through quality tools it was possible to determinate that the lower performance of the process is based on a weak supervision program, so through an improvement plan it’s expected to increase the number of available stands from 6 to 7 (currently are 7 hire cashiers), that the number of attended patients by every stand increase from 4 to 5 and thus increase the number of attended patients to 35 each time block. Based on the foregoing, its expected that the waiting in line time decrease to at least 7.29 minutes and therefore the total attention time decrease to at least 11.7 minutes.
Description
Keywords
Herramientas de gestión, Control de procesos, Elaboración de indicadores, Campo salud
