Thesis Cuantificación de la migración de finos en minería de block caving mediante experimentos de laboratorio
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Date
2023-10
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Program
MAGÍSTER EN CIENCIAS DE LA INGENIERÍA METALÚRGICA
Campus
Campus Santiago San Joaquín
Abstract
La migración de finos en minería block caving corresponde al movimiento de material granular de bajo tamaño. Este material se dirige hacia los puntos de extracción, causando la dilución del mineral valioso y problemas de seguridad debido a las colgaduras cohesivas. A pesar de que existen estudios previos sobre la migración de finos mediante experimentos con material granular y simulaciones 3D, la evidencia empírica es escasa. Por lo tanto, se carece de una comprensión sólida de la relación entre las variables que afectan la migración de finos.
Por medio de veinticuatro experimentos en un modelo físico a escala de laboratorio, se analiza la influencia de distintas variables en la migración de finos. Las variables consideradas son el diámetro medio del mineral fino, el contenido de mineral fino, la orientación del mineral y el tipo de extracción (aislado/interactivo). Los resultados muestran que la migración de finos aumenta con el contenido de mineral fino y disminuye con la inclinación, siendo estas dos variables las más determinantes. Una extracción interactiva reduce y retrasa la migración de finos a los puntos de extracción. El diámetro medio del mineral fino parece tener una influencia menor, aunque se observan circunstancias en las que el incremento del diámetro conduce a un aumento de la migración de finos. Las gráficas obtenidas brindan información valiosa para comprender la migración de finos en operaciones block caving bajo diversas condiciones.
Con estas, se puede estimar el cambio de la migración de finos al tener implicada distintas variables en simultáneo. Esto supone una herramienta complementaria a los modelos que se usan actualmente en mineráa para evaluar este fenómeno.
Fines migration in block caving mining corresponds to the movement of low-sized granular material. This material is directed towards the extraction points, causing dilution of valuable ore and safety problems due to cohesive hang-ups. Although there are previous studies on fines migration through experiments with granular material and 3D simulations, empirical evidence is scarce. Therefore, a solid understanding of the relationship between variables affecting fines migration is lacking. By means of twenty-four experiments on a laboratoryscale physical model, the influence of different variables on fines migration is analyzed. The variables considered are the average diameter of the fine mineral, the fine mineral content, the mineral orientation and the type of extraction (isolated/interactive). The results show that fines migration increases with fine ore content and decreases with inclination, these two variables being the most determinant. An interactive extraction reduces and delays the migration of fines to the extraction points. The average diameter of the fine ore appears to have a minor influence, although conditions are observed where increasing diameter leads to increased fines migration. The plots obtained provide valuable information for understanding fines migration in block caving operations under various conditions. With these, the change in fines migration can be estimated by involving different variables simultaneously. This is a complementary tool to the models currently used in mining to evaluate this phenomenon.
Fines migration in block caving mining corresponds to the movement of low-sized granular material. This material is directed towards the extraction points, causing dilution of valuable ore and safety problems due to cohesive hang-ups. Although there are previous studies on fines migration through experiments with granular material and 3D simulations, empirical evidence is scarce. Therefore, a solid understanding of the relationship between variables affecting fines migration is lacking. By means of twenty-four experiments on a laboratoryscale physical model, the influence of different variables on fines migration is analyzed. The variables considered are the average diameter of the fine mineral, the fine mineral content, the mineral orientation and the type of extraction (isolated/interactive). The results show that fines migration increases with fine ore content and decreases with inclination, these two variables being the most determinant. An interactive extraction reduces and delays the migration of fines to the extraction points. The average diameter of the fine ore appears to have a minor influence, although conditions are observed where increasing diameter leads to increased fines migration. The plots obtained provide valuable information for understanding fines migration in block caving operations under various conditions. With these, the change in fines migration can be estimated by involving different variables simultaneously. This is a complementary tool to the models currently used in mining to evaluate this phenomenon.
Description
Keywords
Block caving, Migración de finos, Minería