Thesis Diseño de un plan estratégico financiero para impulsar la formalización y promover la educación financiera de microempresas en sectores vulnerables de la región Metropolitana
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Date
2026
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Program
Ingeniería Comercial
Departament
Campus
Campus Santiago Vitacura
Abstract
La presente memoria tiene como objetivo diseñar un plan estratégico-financiero orientado a incentivar la formalización y fortalecer la educación financiera de microempresas informales ubicadas en sectores vulnerables de la Región Metropolitana, considerando que este segmento representa un pilar relevante de la economía chilena, pero opera mayoritariamente en condiciones de precariedad. Según datos del Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas (INE, 2022), Chile cuenta con 1.977.426 microemprendedores, de los cuales el 58,3 % se encuentra en situación de informalidad, concentrándose el 44,3 % en la Región Metropolitana. El estudio se desarrolla bajo una metodología aplicada y estratégica, estructurada en cuatro etapas: diagnóstico situacional, análisis estratégico a través de un sujeto de estudio, diseño de un programa de educación financiera y formulación del plan estratégico-financiero. En el diagnóstico se identificó que una proporción significativa de microemprendedores no lleva registros contables básicos, fija precios únicamente en función de la reposición de insumos y desconoce los beneficios económicos y financieros asociados a la formalización. En 2018, más de 753.000 microemprendedores presentaban niveles muy altos de informalidad. A nivel estratégico, se aplicaron herramientas como el análisis PESTEL, FODA, el Modelo de Negocios Canvas y el Balanced Scorecard. El análisis permitió constatar que la informalidad no responde únicamente a barreras económicas, sino también a déficits estructurales de educación financiera, donde solo un 44 % de los microemprendedores informales comprende conceptos financieros básicos. Asimismo, se identificó que un 70,4 % de la mitad de los microemprendedores obtiene ingresos iguales o inferiores al salario mínimo. Como resultado del análisis, se diseñó un programa de capacitación en educación financiera enfocado en la gestión de ingresos y gastos, hábitos de ahorro, uso responsable del crédito y comprensión práctica del proceso de formalización(...).
This thesis aims to design a strategic–financial plan focused on promoting formalization and strengthening financial education among informal microenterprises located in vulnerable sectors of the Metropolitan Region. This segment represents a relevant pillar of the Chilean economy; however, it operates largely under precarious conditions. According to data from the National Statistics Institute (INE, 2022), Chile has 1,977,426 microentrepreneurs, of whom 58.3% operate informally, with 44.3% concentrated in the Metropolitan Region. The study follows an applied and strategic methodology, structured into four stages: situational diagnosis, strategic analysis through a case study, design of a financial education program, and formulation of the strategic–financial plan. The diagnostic stage revealed that a significant proportion of microentrepreneurs do not keep basic accounting records, set prices solely based on input replacement, and are unaware of the economic and financial benefits associated with formalization. In 2018, more than 753,000 microentrepreneurs exhibited very high levels of informality. At the strategic level, tools such as PESTEL analysis, SWOT analysis, the Business Model Canvas, and the Balanced Scorecard were applied. The analysis showed that informality is not driven solely by economic barriers, but also by structural deficits in financial education, as only 44% of informal microentrepreneurs understand basic financial concepts. Additionally, it was identified that 70.4% of microentrepreneurs earn incomes equal to or below the minimum wage. Based on these findings, a financial education training program was designed, focusing on income and expense management, savings habits, responsible use of credit, and practical understanding of the formalization process(...).
This thesis aims to design a strategic–financial plan focused on promoting formalization and strengthening financial education among informal microenterprises located in vulnerable sectors of the Metropolitan Region. This segment represents a relevant pillar of the Chilean economy; however, it operates largely under precarious conditions. According to data from the National Statistics Institute (INE, 2022), Chile has 1,977,426 microentrepreneurs, of whom 58.3% operate informally, with 44.3% concentrated in the Metropolitan Region. The study follows an applied and strategic methodology, structured into four stages: situational diagnosis, strategic analysis through a case study, design of a financial education program, and formulation of the strategic–financial plan. The diagnostic stage revealed that a significant proportion of microentrepreneurs do not keep basic accounting records, set prices solely based on input replacement, and are unaware of the economic and financial benefits associated with formalization. In 2018, more than 753,000 microentrepreneurs exhibited very high levels of informality. At the strategic level, tools such as PESTEL analysis, SWOT analysis, the Business Model Canvas, and the Balanced Scorecard were applied. The analysis showed that informality is not driven solely by economic barriers, but also by structural deficits in financial education, as only 44% of informal microentrepreneurs understand basic financial concepts. Additionally, it was identified that 70.4% of microentrepreneurs earn incomes equal to or below the minimum wage. Based on these findings, a financial education training program was designed, focusing on income and expense management, savings habits, responsible use of credit, and practical understanding of the formalization process(...).
Description
Keywords
Microempresas informales, Sectores vulnerables, Formalización empresarial, Gestión financiera
