Thesis Elaboración de un sistema de aseguramiento de calidad para instalaciones solares térmicas de pequeña escala
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Date
2011-04
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Program
Ingeniería Comercial
Departament
Campus
Campus Santiago Vitacura
Abstract
La elaboración del sistema de aseguramiento de calidad se desarrolló cubriendo tres áreas claves de las instalaciones solares que son: la calidad de los equipos y partes del sistema, la inspección de las instalaciones y el mantenimiento que deben recibir. Con respecto a la calidad de los equipos es necesario contar con colectores solares y depósitos acumuladores certificados por organismos certificadores y laboratorios de ensayo autorizados por la SEC y que pertenezcan al registro de productos de esta misma institución. También es importante verificar la calidad de los otros componentes del sistema como tuberías, bombas, válvulas, etc., ya que se pueden transformar en elementos críticos que determinen la futura calidad de la instalación. La creación de un manual de inspección de instalaciones solares térmicas aporta a la gestión de las empresas instaladoras o constructoras, debido a que entrega los lineamientos básicos que debe cumplir con respecto a tomas como la administración, el diseño del sistema, el personal que participo, las herramientas utilizadas, las actividades realizadas, etc. Otro aspecto que cubre el manual es como guía para la realización de una inspección en terreno, ya que en él se describen los requerimientos de calidad exigidos por la normativa nacional para cada sistema que compone la instalación como: sistema de captación, de acumulación, de intercambio de calor, de circulación hidráulica, auxiliar de energía y de regulación, control y medición. Desde el punto de vista legal, la aprobación de calidad de la instalación se obtiene al cumplir los requerimientos del Reglamento de la Ley 20.365, lo cual no implica necesariamente que la instalación cumpla con todos los requisitos necesarios para ser una instalación de calidad, pero sí permite obtener el beneficio tributario que ampara esta ley. Finalmente, el desarrollo de un programa de mantenimiento específico involucra la recolección de toda la información técnica del proyecto de instalación como memoria de cálculo, planos, manuales de los equipos instalados, etc. Es importante tener una descripción de cada elemento y componentes del sistema, para llevar un registro de cada uno y elaborar un plan de vigilancia del cual será responsable el usuario del sistema y un programa de mantenimiento que dependiendo de la envergadura de la instalación puede ser realizado con una frecuencia de una a dos veces al año. El aporte de la implementación de un sistema de aseguramiento de calidad radica en promover el crecimiento de una tecnología que permite el ahorro tanto de energético como económico de las personas.
The development of quality assurance system was developed covering three key areas of solar installations are: the quality of equipment and parts of the system inspection and maintenance facilities should receive. With regard to the quality of equipment is necessary to have solar collectors and storage tanks certified by certification bodies and testing laboratories approved by the SEC and which belongs to the registration of products in this same institution. It is also important to verify the quality of other system components such as pumps, valves, etc., And that can be transformed into critical elements that determine the future quality of the installation. The creation of a manual inspection of solar thermal management brings to the installers or builders, because that gives the basic guidelines to be met over footage as administration, system design, personnel involved, used tools, activities, etc. Another aspect is covered by the manual as a guide for conducting a site inspection, as it describes the quality requirements demanded by national rules for each system that makes installation as feedback system, accumulation, heat exchange, circulation hydraulics, auxiliary power and control, control and measurement. From a legal standpoint, the adoption of quality installation is achieved by meeting the requirements of the Regulations of the Law 20,365, which does not necessarily mean that the plant complies with all requirements to be a quality installation, but allows for the tax benefit covering this law. Finally, the development of a specific maintenance program involves the collection of all technical information as the project to install memory calculation, plans, manuals of the equipment installed, etc... It is important to have a description of each item and components of the system to keep track of each and develop a monitoring plan which will be responsible for the user of the system and maintenance program depending on the size of the installation can be done with a frequency of once or twice a year. The contribution of the implementation of a quality assurance system is to promote the growth of a technology that saves both energy and economic well-being.
The development of quality assurance system was developed covering three key areas of solar installations are: the quality of equipment and parts of the system inspection and maintenance facilities should receive. With regard to the quality of equipment is necessary to have solar collectors and storage tanks certified by certification bodies and testing laboratories approved by the SEC and which belongs to the registration of products in this same institution. It is also important to verify the quality of other system components such as pumps, valves, etc., And that can be transformed into critical elements that determine the future quality of the installation. The creation of a manual inspection of solar thermal management brings to the installers or builders, because that gives the basic guidelines to be met over footage as administration, system design, personnel involved, used tools, activities, etc. Another aspect is covered by the manual as a guide for conducting a site inspection, as it describes the quality requirements demanded by national rules for each system that makes installation as feedback system, accumulation, heat exchange, circulation hydraulics, auxiliary power and control, control and measurement. From a legal standpoint, the adoption of quality installation is achieved by meeting the requirements of the Regulations of the Law 20,365, which does not necessarily mean that the plant complies with all requirements to be a quality installation, but allows for the tax benefit covering this law. Finally, the development of a specific maintenance program involves the collection of all technical information as the project to install memory calculation, plans, manuals of the equipment installed, etc... It is important to have a description of each item and components of the system to keep track of each and develop a monitoring plan which will be responsible for the user of the system and maintenance program depending on the size of the installation can be done with a frequency of once or twice a year. The contribution of the implementation of a quality assurance system is to promote the growth of a technology that saves both energy and economic well-being.
Description
Keywords
Aseguramiento de calidad, Energía solar térmica, Calidad de equipos
