Thesis ANÁLISIS DE LA CANTIDAD DE BUZONES DE DESCARGA EN BODEGAS DE ALMACENAMIENTO DE GRANELES SÓLIDOS, EN FUNCIÓN DE SUS LAYOUT, CON EL FIN DE MANTENER TASAS DE DESPACHO CONTANTES Y REDUCIR COSTOS OPERACIONALES
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Date
2016
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Program
INGENIERIA CIVIL INDUSTRIAL
Campus
Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María UTFSM. Campus Vitacura Santiago
Abstract
La manipulación de graneles sólidos es una de las operaciones más importantes de la actividad portuaria en Chile. Debido al auge en la actividad portuaria producto de nuevos tratados internacionales, muchos puertos han invertido en infraestructura para la Recepción, Almacenamiento y Despacho de éstos graneles, construyendo grandes bodegas de almacenamiento en cuyo interior se acopian productos provenientes de los sectores mineros, industriales, agrícolas y forestales. Una vez almacenados, estos productos deben ser transportados por medio de equipos y cintas electromecánicas hasta el buque que los llevará al destino final correspondiente.Un diseño inadecuado de la infraestructura y un mal desempeño durante la operación, está directamente relacionado con un mayor costo operacional debido a que el manejo ineficiente provocará que el despacho del material no sea según las tasas diseñadas y/o esperadas, lo que provocará que se descargue material de forma más lenta aumentando los tiempos de atraque y permanencia de los buques en el muelle.Existen diversas causas por las cuales el manejo de graneles al interior de los puertos puede no ser óptimo. No sólo la operación misma de las tareas de manipulación y transporte de los materiales puede ser ineficiente, sino que también los diseños en la etapa de ingeniería no han de ser los mejores.Este estudio busca analizar, investigar y en lo posible desarrollar un modelo que permita entregar a los profesionales de la ingeniería y la operación del manejo de graneles sólidos, una metodología para proyectar, diseñar y construir de la mejor forma las bodegas de recepción, almacenamiento y despacho logrando alcanzar los rendimientos con los cuales fueron diseñados.Se analizan las tasas de descarga de diseño versus las tasas de descarga reales de dos de los principales puertos que recepcionan, almacenan y despachan graneles sólidos en Chile, demostrando que un mal diseño en la etapa de ingeniería impide realizar una operación óptima o cercana a los parámetros iniciales esperados.Finalmente se entrega una propuesta para lograr mejores diseños, mejores rendimientos, y por consiguiente, menores costos de inversión y de operación de éstos proyectos.
Bulk solids handling is one of the most important operations of port activity in Chile. Due to the boom in the port activity because of new international treaties, many ports have invested in infrastructure for the reception, storage and shipping of bulk materials, building large storage warehouses, and the storage and collecting products from mining, agricultural and industrial sectors. Once stored, these products must be transported by conveyors and electromechanical equipment to the ship that will take them to the final destination.An inadequate infrastructure design and poor performance during operation, is directly related to increase operating costs, due to inefficient material manipulation. This situation will cause the release of the material is not at rates designed and / or expected, causing download of materials more slow, increasing the times berthing and stay of ships at the pier.There are several reasons why the handling of bulk cargo within the port has not been optimal. Not only the operation of the tasks of handling and transport of materials has been inefficient, also the designs in the engineering stage have not been the best.This study seeks to analyze, investigate and possibly develop a model to deliver to the professional engineering and the operators of bulk handling, a methodology to plan, design and build best wineries reception, storage and best normal operations managing to reach the yields with which they were designed.We analyze the discharge rates of design versus actual rates of discharge of two major ports in Chile, showing that poor design in the engineering stage precludes an optimal or close operation initial expected parameters.Finally, a proposal is delivered to achieve better designs, better performance, and therefore lower costs of investment and operation of these projects.
Bulk solids handling is one of the most important operations of port activity in Chile. Due to the boom in the port activity because of new international treaties, many ports have invested in infrastructure for the reception, storage and shipping of bulk materials, building large storage warehouses, and the storage and collecting products from mining, agricultural and industrial sectors. Once stored, these products must be transported by conveyors and electromechanical equipment to the ship that will take them to the final destination.An inadequate infrastructure design and poor performance during operation, is directly related to increase operating costs, due to inefficient material manipulation. This situation will cause the release of the material is not at rates designed and / or expected, causing download of materials more slow, increasing the times berthing and stay of ships at the pier.There are several reasons why the handling of bulk cargo within the port has not been optimal. Not only the operation of the tasks of handling and transport of materials has been inefficient, also the designs in the engineering stage have not been the best.This study seeks to analyze, investigate and possibly develop a model to deliver to the professional engineering and the operators of bulk handling, a methodology to plan, design and build best wineries reception, storage and best normal operations managing to reach the yields with which they were designed.We analyze the discharge rates of design versus actual rates of discharge of two major ports in Chile, showing that poor design in the engineering stage precludes an optimal or close operation initial expected parameters.Finally, a proposal is delivered to achieve better designs, better performance, and therefore lower costs of investment and operation of these projects.
Description
Catalogado desde la version PDF de la tesis.
Keywords
DESCARGA, GRANELES SOLIDOS, PUERTOS