Thesis IMPLEMENTACIÓN Y ESTANDARIZACIÓN DE UN SISTEMA DE CONTENCIÓN DE COSTOS ANTICIPADO EN MANTENCIÓN DE EQUIPOS DE ACARREO Y PROCESAMIENTO GMIN
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Date
2018
Journal Title
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Campus
Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María UTFSM. Casa Central Valparaíso
Abstract
El presente trabajo de título tiene como objetivo general implementar y estandarizar un sistema de contención de costos anticipado en mantención de equipos de acarreo y procesamiento, con la finalidad de elaborar una herramienta que permita proyectar los gastos y costos asociados a materiales, ligados a las mantenciones a efectuar.El trabajo de título se realizó en la Superintendencia de Mantención Transporte y Chancado, perteneciente a CODELCO División El Teniente.La metodología usada para desarrollar el trabajo se inicia definiendo y contextualizando: se señalan los equipos y las áreas que abarca la superintendencia, los centros de costos asociados. Se menciona el sistema de gestión utilizado, “SAP”, donde se describen algunos de los módulos y transacciones de uso más recurrente. Se estudia la forma de proyección actual. Además, se verifican herramientas utilizadas para el control de materiales.Después, se presentan los gastos históricos en materiales desde enero 2016 hasta diciembre 2017, a los que se les efectúa un análisis de variabilidad para evaluar si estos gastos son estables en el tiempo y logran llegar al presupuesto mensual establecido. Del análisis se pudo desprender una gran variación presupuestaria (años 2016 y 2017), lo que motivó realizar un análisis causal con respecto a la variación del presupuesto, en el que se concluye que uno de los motivos más relevantes fue la llegada de materiales asociados a una mantención mayor, en efecto un gasto no operacional.Para establecer una correcta proyección y apoyo a la toma de decisión se incorpora un modelo, que considera todos los factores que influyen en esta, como lo son el plan de negocios, plan de producción, el contexto (climático, operacional, económico, internacional y nacional), imprevistos y mantenciones mayores. Este modelo permitirá generar una proyección lo más cercana al gasto real efectuado.En conjunto con lo anterior, se genera una herramienta de proyección que utiliza como base las órdenes de trabajo ligadas al módulo mantención plantas de SAP, las cuales están relacionadas con todas las mantenciones planificadas y no planificadas, gracias a estas, se podrá definir la fecha exacta de llegada de cada material. Estableciendo una proyección de gastos y costos, donde se podrá verificar y tomar decisiones en función del modelo para cumplir las metas mensuales establecidas.Producto del trabajo realizado se recomienda al momento de la confección del presupuesto la consideración del modelo de proyección, lo que permitirá disminuir la brecha entre el presupuesto y el gasto real efectuado. Además, se recomienda realizar un estudio de confiabilidad, buscando reducir el número de fallas y los costos que esto implica.
The present title work has as a general objective to implement and standardize an anticipated cost, containment system in maintenance of haulage and processing equipment. Its purpose is to elaborate a tool that allows to project the expenses associated to materials, linked to the maintenance to be carried out.The title work was carried out in the Superintendence of Maintenance Transportation and Crushing, belonging to CODELCO El Teniente Division.The methodology used to develop the work begins by defining and contextualizing: the teams and the areas covered by the superintendence and the associated cost centers, are indicated. It mentions management system used, "SAP", where some of the most recurrent modules and transactions are described. The current projection form is studied. In addition, tools used to control materials are verified.After that, the historical expenses on materials from January 2016 to December 2017 are presented, to which a variability analysis is made to evaluate if these expenses are stable over time and manage to reach the established monthly budget. The analysis revealed a large budget variation (2016 and 2017), which motivated to carry out a causal analysis regarding the reduction of the 2017 budget, based on this information, it is concluded that one of the most relevant reasons was the arrival of materials associated to major maintenance.To stablish a correct projection and support of the decision making, it is incorporate a model, which consider all the factors that influence in the decision making, such as the business plan, production plan, context (climatic context, operational context, economic context, international context and national context), incidentals and major maintenance. This model will allow create a projection closer to the real cost effectuated.Overall with the preceding paragraph, it is generating a projection tool which use as a base the orders of work linked to the module of maintenance plants of SAP, which are related with all the planned maintenances and do not planned maintenances, thank to this, it could define the exact date of arrive of every material. Stablishing a projection of costs and expenses, where it can verify and made decisions in function of the model to comply the monthly goals stablished.Product of the work accomplished, it is recommended to the moment of the confection of the budget, the consideration of the model of projection, which will allow reduce de gap between the budget and the actual cost effectuated. Besides, it is recommended to realize a study of reliability, looking for reduce the number of failures and the costs that this imply.
The present title work has as a general objective to implement and standardize an anticipated cost, containment system in maintenance of haulage and processing equipment. Its purpose is to elaborate a tool that allows to project the expenses associated to materials, linked to the maintenance to be carried out.The title work was carried out in the Superintendence of Maintenance Transportation and Crushing, belonging to CODELCO El Teniente Division.The methodology used to develop the work begins by defining and contextualizing: the teams and the areas covered by the superintendence and the associated cost centers, are indicated. It mentions management system used, "SAP", where some of the most recurrent modules and transactions are described. The current projection form is studied. In addition, tools used to control materials are verified.After that, the historical expenses on materials from January 2016 to December 2017 are presented, to which a variability analysis is made to evaluate if these expenses are stable over time and manage to reach the established monthly budget. The analysis revealed a large budget variation (2016 and 2017), which motivated to carry out a causal analysis regarding the reduction of the 2017 budget, based on this information, it is concluded that one of the most relevant reasons was the arrival of materials associated to major maintenance.To stablish a correct projection and support of the decision making, it is incorporate a model, which consider all the factors that influence in the decision making, such as the business plan, production plan, context (climatic context, operational context, economic context, international context and national context), incidentals and major maintenance. This model will allow create a projection closer to the real cost effectuated.Overall with the preceding paragraph, it is generating a projection tool which use as a base the orders of work linked to the module of maintenance plants of SAP, which are related with all the planned maintenances and do not planned maintenances, thank to this, it could define the exact date of arrive of every material. Stablishing a projection of costs and expenses, where it can verify and made decisions in function of the model to comply the monthly goals stablished.Product of the work accomplished, it is recommended to the moment of the confection of the budget, the consideration of the model of projection, which will allow reduce de gap between the budget and the actual cost effectuated. Besides, it is recommended to realize a study of reliability, looking for reduce the number of failures and the costs that this imply.
Description
Catalogado desde la version PDF de la tesis.
Keywords
EQUIPOS DE ACARREO, PROCESAMIENTO GMIN, SISTEMA DE CONTENCION DE COSTOS