Thesis ESTUDIO DE CÁLCULO DE LEY DE CORTE PARA EL PROCESO DE RESERVAS MINERAS DE MINA POLIMETÁLICA PEDRO VALENCIA, REGIÓN METROPOLITANA
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Date
2019-08
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Program
DEPARTAMENTO DE INGENIERÍA METALÚRGICA Y DE MATERIALES. INGENIERÍA CIVIL DE MINAS
Campus
Campus San Joaquín, Santiago
Abstract
En yacimientos que explotan material con más de un elemento metálico de interés en su composición, los análisis y evaluaciones económicas se hacen más complejos debido a la cantidad de variables con las que se trabajan. No obstante, existen diversos métodos que permiten llevar estas evaluaciones de múltiples variables, a evaluaciones aplicadas sobre una sola variable común entre las primeras. Entre estos métodos se encuentra la conocida Ley equivalente, que permite construir una sola ley a partir de las leyes de todos los metales sub-productos del material a extraer. Otro método es el Net Smelter Return (NSR) que evalúa la calidad económica del material a extraer y entrega el valor económico de este según el aporte individual de cada metal. El presente estudio evalúa el uso de ambos métodos mencionados y el impacto que tienen sobre cálculo de reservas de un sector de la Mina Pedro Valencia de Minera Florida Ltda. de la empresa canadiense Yamana Gold Inc. La mina corresponde a un yacimiento polimetálico donde se explota subterráneamente mineral de oro, plata, zinc y en menor cantidad plomo. Lo anterior se realizó mediante un análisis comparativo entre las 2 metodologías de cálculo de ley de corte; por Punto de equilibrio y Ley equivalente y por Retorno de Fundición Neto (RNF). La metodología que se utilizó en el año 2017 en la mina, es la Ley equivalente que considera llevar las leyes de corte de cada subproducto a una ley equivalente del producto principal (en este caso oro). Para el estudio del 2018, se propuso una nueva metodología para el cálculo de ley corte, el Retorno de Fundición Neto (en inglés Net Smelter Return o NSR). Posteriormente se realizó el cálculo reservas mineras del sector “Tribuna” de la mina, para cada caso de ley de corte, comparando los resultados obtenidos y resaltando ventajas y desventajas de cada método. Las reservas obtenidas utilizando el método de la ley equivalente fueron de 236 kt con 3,8 g/t Au de ley media para una ley de corte de 2,62 g/t de Au. Para el caso del retorno de fundición neto con corte de 94,79 US$/t mineral se obtuvieron reservas por 250 t con 3,9 g/t Au de ley media.
In deposits that exploit material with the presence of more than one metallic element of interest in its composition, economic analyzes and evaluations become complex due to the number of variables with which they work. However, there are several methods that allow these evaluations of multiple variables to be carried out, to evaluations applied to a single common variable among the former. One of these methods is the well-known equivalent grade, which allows to build a single grade based on the grades of all the secondary metals of the material to be extracted. Another method is the Net Smelter Return (NSR) that evaluates the economic quality of the material to be extracted giving a value according to the grades of each metal separately. The present study evaluates the use of both mentioned methods and the impact they have on the reserves calculation of a Pedro Valencia Mine sector of Minera Florida Ltda. Of the Canadian holding company Yamana Gold inc. The mine corresponds to a polymetallic deposit where gold, silver, zinc and lead (in minor quantity) minerals are exploited by underground methods. The above is going to be carried out by a comparative analysis between the 2 cut-off grade calculation methodologies; by Break-Even (& Equivalent Grade) and by Net Smelter Return (NSR). The methodology that was used in the year 2017 in the mine, is the equivalent grade that considers to take the grade of each sub-product to an equivalent grade of the main product (in this case gold). For this year's study, a new methodology was proposed for the calculation of the cut-off grade, the Net Smelter Return (NSR). Subsequently, the mining reserves of “Tribuna” sector were calculated, for each case of cut-off grade, comparing the results obtained and highlighting the impact in the reserves estimation, for each method. The results are exposed in the reserves calculation section, obtaining reserves of 236 kt with 3,8 g/t Au mean grade; for a cutoff grade of 2,62 g/t Au, for the equivalent grade method and 250 kt with 3,9 g/t Au mean grade; for a NSR cut-off of 94,79 (US$/Mineral t).
In deposits that exploit material with the presence of more than one metallic element of interest in its composition, economic analyzes and evaluations become complex due to the number of variables with which they work. However, there are several methods that allow these evaluations of multiple variables to be carried out, to evaluations applied to a single common variable among the former. One of these methods is the well-known equivalent grade, which allows to build a single grade based on the grades of all the secondary metals of the material to be extracted. Another method is the Net Smelter Return (NSR) that evaluates the economic quality of the material to be extracted giving a value according to the grades of each metal separately. The present study evaluates the use of both mentioned methods and the impact they have on the reserves calculation of a Pedro Valencia Mine sector of Minera Florida Ltda. Of the Canadian holding company Yamana Gold inc. The mine corresponds to a polymetallic deposit where gold, silver, zinc and lead (in minor quantity) minerals are exploited by underground methods. The above is going to be carried out by a comparative analysis between the 2 cut-off grade calculation methodologies; by Break-Even (& Equivalent Grade) and by Net Smelter Return (NSR). The methodology that was used in the year 2017 in the mine, is the equivalent grade that considers to take the grade of each sub-product to an equivalent grade of the main product (in this case gold). For this year's study, a new methodology was proposed for the calculation of the cut-off grade, the Net Smelter Return (NSR). Subsequently, the mining reserves of “Tribuna” sector were calculated, for each case of cut-off grade, comparing the results obtained and highlighting the impact in the reserves estimation, for each method. The results are exposed in the reserves calculation section, obtaining reserves of 236 kt with 3,8 g/t Au mean grade; for a cutoff grade of 2,62 g/t Au, for the equivalent grade method and 250 kt with 3,9 g/t Au mean grade; for a NSR cut-off of 94,79 (US$/Mineral t).
Description
Keywords
EXPLOTACION MINERA, YACIMIENTOS MINERALES, MINAS Y RECURSOS MINERALES