Thesis ESTUDIO DE LA VIABILIDAD TÉCNICA Y ECONÓMICA DE IMPLEMENTAR EN VIVIENDAS UNIFAMILIARES RURALES UN SISTEMA FOTOVOLTAICO PARA ELECTRIFICACIÓN Y BOMBEO DE AGUA
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Date
2018
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Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María UTFSM. Casa Central Valparaíso
Abstract
El presente trabajo se centra en la evaluación técnica y económica de implementar, en viviendas unifamiliares rurales, un sistema fotovoltaico para electrificación y bombeo de agua. Este estudio se llevó a cabo en la localidad rural de Rinconada de San Juan, Comuna de San Antonio, Región de Valparaíso, y busca brindar una solución para la generación y suministro de energía eléctrica, que hoy en día se realiza mediante generadores diésel racionando su uso hacia aquellas actividades más esenciales como la extracción de agua de consumo, de manera que las familias del lugar puedan disponer de electricidad las 24 horas del día y abastecerse de agua, ya que no existe red de agua potable.Se consideró la instalación de un sistema fotovoltaico autónomo (off grid) como una solución de generación y abastecimiento de electricidad, puesto que su acceso a través de una red eléctrica pública no es posible dado a que no existe una cercana y la red eléctrica presente en la localidad es de inversión privada, no siendo posible su extensión sin una inversión previa. La instalación puede satisfacer una demanda proyectada diaria de 4351 [Wh/día] y una demanda mensual de 131 [kWh], pudiendo ser mayor la capacidad de generación eléctrica durante el año, puesto que por diseño se consideró el mes de junio cuya irradiación global media es menor respecto a los otros meses del año. Por otra parte el sistema posee 3 días de autonomía y 4 días de recuperación, es decir que en caso de que la capacidad de generación de los paneles se viese afectada, el sistema puede funcionar cubriendo la demanda diaria proyectada durante 3 días y en caso de descarga le toma 4 días en recuperar los niveles del banco de baterías.La implementación del sistema implica una inversión de US$18.400, y un ahorro equivalente para las familias de US$ 5.300, anual. En cuanto al horizonte de evaluación de 10 años, según lo establecido por el SII y la tasa de descuento aplicada del 10 %, el proyecto tiene un retorno de la inversión (PayBack) de 4 años, un valor actual neto (VAN) positivo y una tasa interna de retorno (TIR) mayor que la tasa de descuento referencial, por lo que el proyecto es una alternativa recomendable para solucionar el problema de abastecimiento eléctrico en la localidad y mejorar la calidad de vida de las familias.
This thesis is focused on the study of technical and economic feasibility of implementing in rural single-family homes a photovoltaic system for electrication and waterpumping.This study was carried out in the locality of Rinconada de San Juan in the commune of San Antonio, Valparaíso region,and and seeks to provide a solution for the electric power generation, which today is done by diesel generators limiting its use towards those more essential activities such as the extraction of drinking water, so that the families of the place can have electricity 24 hours a day and supply water, as there is no drinking water network.The installation of an autonomous photovoltaic system was considered (off grid) as a solution of generation and supply of electricity, since the access to the electricity through a public electrical network is not possible because there is not a close one and the network Electricity present in the locality is private investment, limiting the interconnection by the way of a previous payment. The installation can satisfy a projected daily demand of 4351 [Wh/day] and a monthly demand of 131 [kWh], being able to increase the capacity of electrical generation along the year, since by design was considered the month of June whose global average irradiation is lower compares other months of the year. The electric system was designed up to 3 days of autonomy and 4 days of recovery, ie if the capacity of generation of the panels was affected, the system can work covering the projected daily demand for 3 days and in case of discharge takes 4 Days to recover the levels of the battery bank.The implementation of the autonomous photovoltaic system implies an investment of US$ 18.400, and a annual energy cost savings for the families of US$5.300, According the 10-year evaluation horizon determined by the SII and the applied annual discount rate of 10%, the project has a return on investment (PayBack) of 4 years, A positive net present value (VAN) and an internal rate of return (TIR) greater than the applied annual discount rate. The proposed project is a economically a real alternative to solve the problem of electrical supply in the locality and improve its quality of life.
This thesis is focused on the study of technical and economic feasibility of implementing in rural single-family homes a photovoltaic system for electrication and waterpumping.This study was carried out in the locality of Rinconada de San Juan in the commune of San Antonio, Valparaíso region,and and seeks to provide a solution for the electric power generation, which today is done by diesel generators limiting its use towards those more essential activities such as the extraction of drinking water, so that the families of the place can have electricity 24 hours a day and supply water, as there is no drinking water network.The installation of an autonomous photovoltaic system was considered (off grid) as a solution of generation and supply of electricity, since the access to the electricity through a public electrical network is not possible because there is not a close one and the network Electricity present in the locality is private investment, limiting the interconnection by the way of a previous payment. The installation can satisfy a projected daily demand of 4351 [Wh/day] and a monthly demand of 131 [kWh], being able to increase the capacity of electrical generation along the year, since by design was considered the month of June whose global average irradiation is lower compares other months of the year. The electric system was designed up to 3 days of autonomy and 4 days of recovery, ie if the capacity of generation of the panels was affected, the system can work covering the projected daily demand for 3 days and in case of discharge takes 4 Days to recover the levels of the battery bank.The implementation of the autonomous photovoltaic system implies an investment of US$ 18.400, and a annual energy cost savings for the families of US$5.300, According the 10-year evaluation horizon determined by the SII and the applied annual discount rate of 10%, the project has a return on investment (PayBack) of 4 years, A positive net present value (VAN) and an internal rate of return (TIR) greater than the applied annual discount rate. The proposed project is a economically a real alternative to solve the problem of electrical supply in the locality and improve its quality of life.
Description
Catalogado desde la version PDF de la tesis.
Keywords
BOMBA ELECTROSUMERGIBLE DE AGUA, GENERACION ELECTRICA, RINCONADA DE SAN JUAN, SISTEMA FOTOVOLTAICO