Thesis DISEÑO DE HERRAMIENTA DE EVALUACIÓN DEL CONTEXTO ENERGÉTICO GLOBAL Y NACIONAL PARA LOS CLIENTES DE LA EMPRESA ECOENERGÍAS
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Date
2016
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Program
INGENIERIA CIVIL INDUSTRIAL
Campus
Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María UTFSM. Casa Central Valparaíso
Abstract
El desarrollo energético a nivel global durante la última década, la búsqueda de unnuevo enfoque y la sustentabilidad en el área, han motivado el desarrollo de este trabajo.Ecoenergías busca: “Desarrollar una herramienta de Evaluación del Contexto EnergéticoNacional y Global, estableciendo una metodología clara para la identificación de lascondiciones que definen el contexto y las correspondientes variables con el fin de entregar unavisión estratégica de la energía y su entorno energético a los clientes de la empresa.”La Metodología se divide principalmente en tres etapas, de las cuales se extrajeron unaherramienta desde cada una. El análisis realizado y resultado de cada uno de estos puntos seindican a continuación:1. Clasificación y Procesamiento de Información: Realizada la recopilación deinformación, se realizó una clasificación para generar una idea del sector más estructurada. Laclasificación se llevó a cabo en dos niveles de análisis, “Áreas Macro” de influencia en laenergía y “Variables Micro” que son las que conforman y modelan el comportamiento de lasáreas macro. Con esto se generó un Mapa Conceptual donde se indican las áreas y variablescorrespondientes (Ilustración 1.1).Realizada la clasificación como lineamiento principal para el resto del trabajo, laprimera herramienta obtenida fue el Diagrama Causal del Sector Energético (Ilustración 1.2).Este muestra la compleja relación e interdependencia de las variables definidas anteriormente.2. Selección y Clasificación de las Fuentes de Información y Extracción de Información:La segunda etapa realizada presenta la principal herramienta a utilizar a futuro por la empresa,que es la base de datos de “Fuentes de Información” y guía para la extracción de información.Para cada una de las “Áreas Macro” y “Variables Micro” se extrajo: Fuente concreta,frecuencia actualización de la fuente, fuentes de proyección e información concreta extraída.Este proceso fue descrito de manera acuciosa, para facilitar su uso posterior. Se puedeobservar en el ANEXO 1: Plantilla Fuentes de Información la base de datos construida,disponible en el archivo Excel.3. Análisis Cuantitativo: Se utilizó un análisis multicriterio, con el fin de concretar losresultados y análisis cuantitativos. El Proceso Jerarquico de Análisis sigue los siguientes pasospara su aplicación:I. Mediante una matriz cuadrada, realizar una comparación de pares entre las variablescon la Escala de Saaty, de valoración de 1 a 9, donde 1 representa una igualdad deinfluencia entre los criterios y 9 un nivel de influencia muy alto de una variable sobrela otra.II. Obtener el vector de pesos de la matriz, donde se indican los porcentajes de importancia de cada uno de los criterios comparados.III. Revisión de la validez del resultado mediante el cálculo del Índice de Consistencia de la Matriz, el cual debe ser menor a 0.1.Las matrices de análisis se encuentran en el Anexo 2 (ANEXO 2: Plantillas Análisis Multicriterio). El resultado se presenta a continuación (Ilustración 1.3), lo que ratificó el análisis cualitativo, mostrando la gran influencia del Precio por sobre el resto de las áreas.Finalmente la síntesis de todo el trabajo realizado se encuentra plasmada en Hoja de Análisis del Contexto Energético, la cual materializa la metodología y análisis realizados. Esta se puede observar de manera detallada en el ANEXO 3: Hoja de Evaluación (debido a su extensión), donde la principal característica es constituir una manera simple pero eficaz de comunicar a los clientes la situación actual que vive el Sector Energético.Las principales conclusiones apuntan al gran dinamismo y complejidad del sector energético, que dificulta un análisis de manera aislada de cada uno de los factores que lo afectan. El modelo realizado no es único, y representa una manera simplificada de análisis que cumple con su objetivo de ser una herramienta de comunicación eficiente. También el modelo cuantitativo es perfectible y puede reconsiderarse su uso en el futuro.Por otra parte se recomienda una observación cercana a las fuentes de información, el filtro realizado debe ser acucioso y para un posterior uso deben estar actualizadas.Finalmente, la herramienta de evaluación cumple el objetivo planteado en un inicio, y sienta una base teórica para un trabajo futuro de análisis del contexto energético.
Global energy development during the last decade, the search for a new approach andsustainability in the area, have motivated the development of this work. Ecoenergías seeks to:"Develop a tool for the Evaluation of the National and Global Energy Context, establishing aclear methodology for the identification of the conditions that define the context and thecorresponding variables in order to deliver a strategic vision of energy and its energyenvironment to The customers of the company. "The Methodology is divided mainly into three stages, from which a tool was extractedfrom each one. The analysis performed and the result of each of these points are indicatedbelow:1. 1. Classification and Processing of Information: After the collection of information,a classification was made to generate a more structured idea of the sector. The classificationwas carried out in two levels of analysis, "Macro Areas" of influence in the energy and "MicroVariables" that are the ones that conform and model the behavior of macro areas. With this, aConceptual Map was generated that indicates the areas and corresponding variables(Ilustración 1.4).After classification as the main guideline for the rest of the work, the first tool obtainedwas the Causal Diagram of the Energy Sector (Ilustración 1.5). This shows the complexrelationship and interdependence of the variables defined above.2. Selection and Classification of Information Sources and Extraction of Information: Thesecond stage presents the main tool to be used in the future by the company, which is thedatabase of "Information Sources" and Guide for the extraction of information.For each of the "Macro Areas" and "Micro Variables" was extracted: Concrete source,frequency of source update, sources of projection and extracted concrete information. Thisprocess was described in a thorough way, to facilitate its later use. It can be observed in theANEXO 1: Plantilla Fuentes de Información la base de datos construida, available in the Excelfile.3. Quantitative Analysis: A multicriteria analysis was used, in order to concretize theresults and quantitative analyzes. The Hierarchical Analysis Process follows the followingsteps for its application:I. Using a square matrix, perform a comparison of pairs between variables with the SaatyScale, from 1 to 9, where 1 represents an equal influence between the criteria and 9 avery high level of influence of one variable on the other.II. Obtain the vector of weights of the matrix, where the percentages of importance of each of the criteria compared are indicated.III. Review of the validity of the result by calculating the Consistency Index of the Matrix, which should be less than 0.1.The analysis matrixes can be found in Annex 2 (ANEXO 2: Plantillas Análisis Multicriterio). The result is presented below (Ilustración 1.6), which ratified the qualitative analysis, showing the great influence of the Price over the rest of the areas.Finally the synthesis of all the work done is embodied in the Energy Context Analysis Sheet, which materializes the methodology and analysis carried out. This can be seen in detail in ANNEX 3 (ANEXO 3: Hoja de Evaluación) (due to its extension), where the main characteristic is to constitute a simple but effective way of communicating to clients the current situation that the Energy Sector is experiencing.The main conclusions point to the great dynamism and complexity of the energy sector, which makes it difficult to analyze in isolation each of the factors that affect it. The model is not unique and represents a simplified form of analysis that fulfills its objective of being an efficient communication tool. Also the quantitative model is perfectible and its use can be reconsidered in the future.On the other hand it is recommended a close observation to the sources of information, the filter made must be careful and for a later use must be updated.Finally, the evaluation tool fulfills the objective set in the beginning, and establishes a theoretical basis for a future work of analysis of the energy context.
Global energy development during the last decade, the search for a new approach andsustainability in the area, have motivated the development of this work. Ecoenergías seeks to:"Develop a tool for the Evaluation of the National and Global Energy Context, establishing aclear methodology for the identification of the conditions that define the context and thecorresponding variables in order to deliver a strategic vision of energy and its energyenvironment to The customers of the company. "The Methodology is divided mainly into three stages, from which a tool was extractedfrom each one. The analysis performed and the result of each of these points are indicatedbelow:1. 1. Classification and Processing of Information: After the collection of information,a classification was made to generate a more structured idea of the sector. The classificationwas carried out in two levels of analysis, "Macro Areas" of influence in the energy and "MicroVariables" that are the ones that conform and model the behavior of macro areas. With this, aConceptual Map was generated that indicates the areas and corresponding variables(Ilustración 1.4).After classification as the main guideline for the rest of the work, the first tool obtainedwas the Causal Diagram of the Energy Sector (Ilustración 1.5). This shows the complexrelationship and interdependence of the variables defined above.2. Selection and Classification of Information Sources and Extraction of Information: Thesecond stage presents the main tool to be used in the future by the company, which is thedatabase of "Information Sources" and Guide for the extraction of information.For each of the "Macro Areas" and "Micro Variables" was extracted: Concrete source,frequency of source update, sources of projection and extracted concrete information. Thisprocess was described in a thorough way, to facilitate its later use. It can be observed in theANEXO 1: Plantilla Fuentes de Información la base de datos construida, available in the Excelfile.3. Quantitative Analysis: A multicriteria analysis was used, in order to concretize theresults and quantitative analyzes. The Hierarchical Analysis Process follows the followingsteps for its application:I. Using a square matrix, perform a comparison of pairs between variables with the SaatyScale, from 1 to 9, where 1 represents an equal influence between the criteria and 9 avery high level of influence of one variable on the other.II. Obtain the vector of weights of the matrix, where the percentages of importance of each of the criteria compared are indicated.III. Review of the validity of the result by calculating the Consistency Index of the Matrix, which should be less than 0.1.The analysis matrixes can be found in Annex 2 (ANEXO 2: Plantillas Análisis Multicriterio). The result is presented below (Ilustración 1.6), which ratified the qualitative analysis, showing the great influence of the Price over the rest of the areas.Finally the synthesis of all the work done is embodied in the Energy Context Analysis Sheet, which materializes the methodology and analysis carried out. This can be seen in detail in ANNEX 3 (ANEXO 3: Hoja de Evaluación) (due to its extension), where the main characteristic is to constitute a simple but effective way of communicating to clients the current situation that the Energy Sector is experiencing.The main conclusions point to the great dynamism and complexity of the energy sector, which makes it difficult to analyze in isolation each of the factors that affect it. The model is not unique and represents a simplified form of analysis that fulfills its objective of being an efficient communication tool. Also the quantitative model is perfectible and its use can be reconsidered in the future.On the other hand it is recommended a close observation to the sources of information, the filter made must be careful and for a later use must be updated.Finally, the evaluation tool fulfills the objective set in the beginning, and establishes a theoretical basis for a future work of analysis of the energy context.
Description
Catalogado desde la version PDF de la tesis.
Keywords
CONTEXTO ENERGETICO, EMPRESA ECOENERGIAS, HERRAMIENTA DE EVALUACION