Thesis ESTUDIO DE CONSUMOS ENERGÉTICOS Y ANÁLISIS DE OPORTUNIDADES DE EFICIENCIA ENERGÉTICA EN LOS PROCESOS TÉRMICOS DE CAPEL, PLANTA VICUÑA
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Date
2016
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Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María UTFSM. Casa Central Valparaíso
Abstract
Se analizaron los consumos energéticos de la planta de elaboración y envasado de CAPEL ubicada en Vicuña, para detectar oportunidades de eficiencia energética y reducción GEI.Durante 5 meses se desarrolló en terreno un estudio compuesto por tres etapas: El levantamiento de información y la línea base, el análisis de los datos y procesos energéticos y finalmente la detección, especificación, selección y evaluación técnico económica de las oportunidades de eficiencia energética.Se caracterizó el consumo energético global de la planta, estableciéndose la línea base de consumo energético, obteniendo un resultado de 0,05 [kWh/Lt de producto envasado]. Además se determinó que la matriz energética de la planta está compuesta en 79% por energía eléctrica, 14% por GLP y 7% por diésel y emite anualmente 312 Toneladas de CO2 equivalente.Se determinó que el consumo eléctrico de los equipos de frío junto con el consumo de GLP en la caldera de agua caliente representa 54% del consumo total de energéticos de la planta. Con esta información se logró identificar el conjunto de etapas de mayor consumo energético en la planta, compuesto por: la elaboración y envasado de “Alcopop” y espumantes, el proceso de estabilización de alcoholes, la red de refrigeración, el sistema de agua caliente y el proceso de maderizado en caliente.Se detectaron un total de diez oportunidades de mejora de eficiencia energética. Para cada una de estas alternativas se realizó un análisis técnico en el cual se estableció el beneficio, la inversión y los costos operacionales de cada una de ellas, luego se realizó una selección mediante una matriz de priorización en la cual se evaluaron las oportunidades de forma cuantitativa mediante nueve criterios y cinco escenarios de evaluación.De esta evaluación resultaron seleccionadas tres oportunidades catalogadas como altamente recomendadas; La aislación de tanques y líneas de elaboración de “CAPEL Ice” (Op.7), la aislación estanque pulmón para refrigerante Agua-Alcohol (Op.8) y la aislación líneas de maderizado en caliente (Op.9), las cuales fueron unificadas en un “Proyecto de Aislación”. La oportunidad número 10 (Sistema de agua caliente (bomba de calor)) no resulto ser de prioridad según la matriz de selección, sin embargo, por factores como el impacto positivo que generaría en la imagen, la reducción GEI y, sobre todo, por las posibilidades de subsidios que existen para este tipo de proyectos, es que también se considera esta oportunidad para su análisis.Finalmente se realizó una evaluación técnico-económica de los dos proyectos creado en base a estas oportunidades, donde se obtuvo que: Para el proyecto de aislación se requiere una inversión de $CLP 3.445.283 con el que se generaran ahorros anuales de $CLP 6.587.080 con un periodo de retorno menor a un año y una reducción anual de consumo energético y emisiones GEI de 91.424 [kwh] y 28.172 [kgCO2e] respectivamente; Para el proyecto de bomba de calor se requiere una inversión de $CLP 13.107.223 con el que se generaran ahorros anuales de $CLP 6.904.710 con un periodo de retorno de tres años y una reducción anual de consumo energético y emisiones GEI de 89.826 [kwh] y 15.989 [kgCO2e] respectivamente.Con la implementación de ambos proyectos se estima un ahorro1 de 21,5% en costos energéticos, un 19% en el consumo energético y una disminución de 14,2% en las emisiones de CO2 (44 [tonCO2e/año]), reduciendo1 el indicador energético global a 0,038 [kwh/lt de producto envasado].
Electric energy consumption of Capel (Cooperativa Agrícola Pisquera Elqui Ltda.) “Processing and Packing plant” located on the outskirts of Vicuña, Coquimbo Region, Chile, was analyzed in order to detect energy efficiency and GEI reduction opportunities.To do this, during five months, a field study of 3 phases was carried out: baseline and field survey; data and energy processes analysis and finally detection, specification, selection and technical-economical evaluation of energy efficiency opportunities.The total electric energy consumption in the plant was typified, and it was stablished a baseline for energy consumption, obtaining 0,039 [kWh/Lt of packed product] as a result. Additionally, it was possible to establish its energy matrix is composed of 79% electric energy, 14% LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) and 7% diesel and annually emits 312 Tons of CDE.It was also possible to determine the cooling equipment electric consumption along with water boiler LPG consumption represent 54% of the total consumption. With this information it was possible to determine the set of stages with more energy consumption, compound by: “Alcopop” and sparkling wine processing and packing, alcohol stabilization process, cooling network, hot water system and maderization process.Ten opportunities of energy efficiency improvements were detected. A technical analysis was developed to stablish benefits, investment and operating costs for each one. Finally a prioritization matrix, where the opportunities were evaluated quantitatively by with 9 criteria and 5 evaluation scenarios, was applied.Three opportunities were cataloged as highly recommended after the evaluation: “Capel Ice” tanks and processing line insulation (Op.7); lung tank isolation, used for water and alcohol-based coolant (Op.8) and maderization line isolation. All these were consolidated in one “Isolation Project”. The opportunity number 10 (hot water system (heat pump)), didn’t turned out to be priority according to the prioritization matrix. However, due factors as the positive impact this would produce on the company’s image, GEI reduction and, overall, external financial possibilities for this kind of projects, it was also considered as a project.Finally, a technical economic evaluation was applied for these two projects: “Isolation project” needs CLP$ 3.445.283 to be developed. This will save CLP$ 6.587.080 per year, with a return period of less than 12 months and a year energy consumption and GEI emission reduction of 150.535 [kwh] and 42.016 [kgCO2e] respectively. Heat pump project needs CLP$ 13.107.223 to be developed. This will save de CLP$ 6.904.710 per year, with a return period of three years and a year energy consumption and GEI emission reduction of 89.826 [kwh] and 15.989 [kgCO2e] respectively.If both projects are implemented 21,5% of savings in energy costs, 26% of savings in energy consumption and 18,5% of CO2 emission reduction (58 [tonCO2e/year]) are estimated. It would also reduce the full energy indicator to 0,029 [kwh/lt of packed product].
Electric energy consumption of Capel (Cooperativa Agrícola Pisquera Elqui Ltda.) “Processing and Packing plant” located on the outskirts of Vicuña, Coquimbo Region, Chile, was analyzed in order to detect energy efficiency and GEI reduction opportunities.To do this, during five months, a field study of 3 phases was carried out: baseline and field survey; data and energy processes analysis and finally detection, specification, selection and technical-economical evaluation of energy efficiency opportunities.The total electric energy consumption in the plant was typified, and it was stablished a baseline for energy consumption, obtaining 0,039 [kWh/Lt of packed product] as a result. Additionally, it was possible to establish its energy matrix is composed of 79% electric energy, 14% LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) and 7% diesel and annually emits 312 Tons of CDE.It was also possible to determine the cooling equipment electric consumption along with water boiler LPG consumption represent 54% of the total consumption. With this information it was possible to determine the set of stages with more energy consumption, compound by: “Alcopop” and sparkling wine processing and packing, alcohol stabilization process, cooling network, hot water system and maderization process.Ten opportunities of energy efficiency improvements were detected. A technical analysis was developed to stablish benefits, investment and operating costs for each one. Finally a prioritization matrix, where the opportunities were evaluated quantitatively by with 9 criteria and 5 evaluation scenarios, was applied.Three opportunities were cataloged as highly recommended after the evaluation: “Capel Ice” tanks and processing line insulation (Op.7); lung tank isolation, used for water and alcohol-based coolant (Op.8) and maderization line isolation. All these were consolidated in one “Isolation Project”. The opportunity number 10 (hot water system (heat pump)), didn’t turned out to be priority according to the prioritization matrix. However, due factors as the positive impact this would produce on the company’s image, GEI reduction and, overall, external financial possibilities for this kind of projects, it was also considered as a project.Finally, a technical economic evaluation was applied for these two projects: “Isolation project” needs CLP$ 3.445.283 to be developed. This will save CLP$ 6.587.080 per year, with a return period of less than 12 months and a year energy consumption and GEI emission reduction of 150.535 [kwh] and 42.016 [kgCO2e] respectively. Heat pump project needs CLP$ 13.107.223 to be developed. This will save de CLP$ 6.904.710 per year, with a return period of three years and a year energy consumption and GEI emission reduction of 89.826 [kwh] and 15.989 [kgCO2e] respectively.If both projects are implemented 21,5% of savings in energy costs, 26% of savings in energy consumption and 18,5% of CO2 emission reduction (58 [tonCO2e/year]) are estimated. It would also reduce the full energy indicator to 0,029 [kwh/lt of packed product].
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Catalogado desde la version PDF de la tesis.
Keywords
ANALISIS DE OPORTUNIDAD, CAPEL PLANTA VICUNA, EFICIENCIA ENERGETICA