Thesis ESTUDIO DE LAS VARIABLES CRÍTICAS QUE INFLUYEN EN EL NIVEL TRANSACCIONAL DE LOS PUNTOS DE PAGO DE LA EMPRESA UNIRED: UN ANÁLISIS CON DATOS DE PANEL.
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Date
2016
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Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María UTFSM. Campus Vitacura Santiago
Abstract
El presente trabajo de memoria, se basa en el análisis de un grupo de veinte variables independientes exógenas, con el fin de determinar la relevancia de estas variables sobre la variable dependiente “transacciones”, que representa la cantidad de recaudaciones realizadas por la empresa UNIRED, por ende, determinan los ingresos de la empresa. Para esto se utiliza la herramienta econométrica de Datos de Panel, que permite tratar de forma independiente el conjunto de datos asociados a un individuo en el tiempo, y así rescatar su efecto individual.Como es común en datos de panel, se detecta Heterocedasticidad y Autocorrelación, lo que hace necesario aplicar métodos que corrijan conjuntamente estos problemas, y permitan obtener estimadores insesgados. Para esto se plantea como solución, el uso del estimador de Mínimos Cuadrados Generalizados Factibles (FGLS). El resultado de FGLS, muestra que el segmento socioeconómico C3, es la variable que más contribuye al aumento de las transacciones con una elasticidad de 251%, seguido de las variables asociadas a la bancarización (1.15%) y acceso al internet de las personas (1.0%). Mientras que el segmento socioeconómico E, es la variable que genera mayor disminución de las transacciones con una elasticidad de -203.2%, seguida por población femenina (-38.6%) y rural (-1.1%).En conclusión, las nuevas aperturas de puntos UNIRED, deberían emplazarse en aquellas comunas cuya población sea mayoritariamente del segmento socioeconómico C3, con acceso a la banca e internet, con una proporción de la población mayoritariamente masculina y urbana. Para así obtener niveles de transacciones rentables para el negocio.
This paper has the objective of stablish the relevance that a group of twenty independient and exogenous variables have in the amount of UNIRED’s "transactions", which represents the amount of collections made by the company, therefore, determine its income. The methodology used for this particular analysis, was the econometric Panel Data Model, that allows to treat independently the set of data associated with particular individual in the time, rescuing the individual effect.As is common in Panel Data Model, there is Heteroscedasticity and Autocorrelation detected, that need to be fixed to obtain unbiased estimators. For this, the use of the Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS) estimator is proposed as a solution. The result shows that socioeconomic segment C3 is the variable that contributes most to the increase in transactions with a 251% of elasticity, followed by the variables associated with banking (1.15%) and internet access (1.0%). While the socioeconomic segment E, is the variable that generates the largest decline in transactions with a -203.2% of elasticity, followed by female population (-38.6%) and rural (-1.1%).In conclusion, the new openings of UNIRED points should be located in those communes whose population is predominantly of the socioeconomic segment C3, with access to banking and internet, with a proportion of the predominantly male and urban population. In order to obtain levels of transactions profitable for business.
This paper has the objective of stablish the relevance that a group of twenty independient and exogenous variables have in the amount of UNIRED’s "transactions", which represents the amount of collections made by the company, therefore, determine its income. The methodology used for this particular analysis, was the econometric Panel Data Model, that allows to treat independently the set of data associated with particular individual in the time, rescuing the individual effect.As is common in Panel Data Model, there is Heteroscedasticity and Autocorrelation detected, that need to be fixed to obtain unbiased estimators. For this, the use of the Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS) estimator is proposed as a solution. The result shows that socioeconomic segment C3 is the variable that contributes most to the increase in transactions with a 251% of elasticity, followed by the variables associated with banking (1.15%) and internet access (1.0%). While the socioeconomic segment E, is the variable that generates the largest decline in transactions with a -203.2% of elasticity, followed by female population (-38.6%) and rural (-1.1%).In conclusion, the new openings of UNIRED points should be located in those communes whose population is predominantly of the socioeconomic segment C3, with access to banking and internet, with a proportion of the predominantly male and urban population. In order to obtain levels of transactions profitable for business.
Description
Catalogado desde la version PDF de la tesis.
Keywords
DATOS DE PANEL, ECONOMETRÍA, TRANSACCIONES, UNIRED