Thesis Desarrollo de un plan para la implementación de un sistema de gestión de la energía y los residuos en el Hospital del Trabajador
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Date
2014-10
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Program
Ingeniería Civil Industrial
Departament
Campus
Campus Santiago Vitacura
Abstract
El presente trabajo de título aborda la forma de manejar eficientemente los recursos energéticos, y reducir y tratar de manera adecuada los residuos en los establecimientos de salud, en respuesta a los daños medioambientales, y a los efectos que esta generado el cambio climático en el ecosistema y en la salud de las personas. Bajo este contexto, se propone un sistema de gestión de la energía y los residuos que permita mejorar continuamente el desempeño ambiental y energético de un establecimiento de salud, este caso es aplicado al Hospital del Trabajador en el cual se establecerán las bases para la implementación de dicho sistema. En una primera etapa, se identificó el esquema y los elementos claves que debía contener el sistema de gestión para que cumpliera con el ciclo de mejoramiento continuo, para lo cual se tomó como referencia los sistemas de gestión ambiental y de la energía establecidos en las normas ISO. Luego se realizó un diagnóstico para conocer cómo se gestiona actualmente tanto la energía como los residuos en el establecimiento de salud, para lo cual se aplichecklist para determinar las brechas que presenta la organización en el cumplimiento de los elementos identificados inicialmente, dando como resultado que los avances especialmente en materia energética se deben a planes aislados que carecen de un marco estructurado de gestión, mientras que en los residuos su avance fue mayor debido al establecimiento de un plan de manejo de residuos que entrega ciertas herramientas de gestión que son acordes a lo planteado en el diseño del sistema. Posteriormente, y a partir de la información obtenida, se estructuro un marco referencial en el cual se describe cómo abordar cada elemento del sistema, este se presenta como una guía que permite diseñar, operar y mantener el sistema de gestión de la energía y los residuos de acuerdo a las características operacionales y organizacionales del establecimiento en cuestión. Finalmente, se concluye que mediante la implementación del sistema de gestión de la energía y los residuos, el Hospital del Trabajador podrá lograr mejores resultados. Esto debido a que las medidas de eficiencia serán más efectivas y se lograrán disminuciones en la demanda energética, incluso sin la implementación de tecnologías de eficiencia, por otra parte se cumplirá de mejor forma con el plan de manejo de residuos, y al incluir estrategias de reducción de estos se disminuirán los gastos por su tratamiento. En síntesis, el sistema de gestión además de disminuir los impactos ambientales, generara beneficios económicos, reduciendo sus costos e incrementando sus ventajas competitivas.
Title herein addresses how to efficiently manage energy resources, and reduce and adequately treat the waste in the health facilities, in response to environmental damage, and the effects that climate change is generating in the ecosystem and in the health of the persons. In this context, proposes a management system of the energy and the waste capable of continuously improving the environmental and energetic performance of a health facility, this case is applied to the Hospital del Trabajador in which the basis for the implementation of the proposed system will be established. On a first stage, was identified the scheme and the keys elements to be contained in the management system to comply with the circle of continuous improvement, for which was take as a reference the management systems environmental and of the energy established in the ISO standards. After a diagnostic was made to know how currently both energy and waste in the health facility is managed, for which a check list was applied to determinate the gaps that presents the organization in meeting of the elements initially identified, resulting that the advance in energy matter it owes to isolated plans that lack a structured framework of management, while that in the waste their advance was higher due to the establishment of a handling plan of waste that provides certain management tools that are consistent with in the system design. Later, from the information obtained, was structured a framework in which describes how to address each element of the system, this is presented as a guide that allows you to design, operate and maintain the management system of the energy and the waste according to the operational and organizational characteristics of the establishment in question. Finally, concluded that by implementing the management system of the energy and the waste, the Hospital del Trabajador may achieve better results. This is due to that the efficiency measures will be more effective and will be achieved reductions in energy demand, even without the implementation of efficiency technologies, secondly will comply of best way with the handling plan of waste, and by including reducing strategies in the waste, will reduce the cost by treatment. In summary, the management system in addition to reducing environmental impacts, will generate economic benefits by reducing their costs and increasing their competitive advantage.
Title herein addresses how to efficiently manage energy resources, and reduce and adequately treat the waste in the health facilities, in response to environmental damage, and the effects that climate change is generating in the ecosystem and in the health of the persons. In this context, proposes a management system of the energy and the waste capable of continuously improving the environmental and energetic performance of a health facility, this case is applied to the Hospital del Trabajador in which the basis for the implementation of the proposed system will be established. On a first stage, was identified the scheme and the keys elements to be contained in the management system to comply with the circle of continuous improvement, for which was take as a reference the management systems environmental and of the energy established in the ISO standards. After a diagnostic was made to know how currently both energy and waste in the health facility is managed, for which a check list was applied to determinate the gaps that presents the organization in meeting of the elements initially identified, resulting that the advance in energy matter it owes to isolated plans that lack a structured framework of management, while that in the waste their advance was higher due to the establishment of a handling plan of waste that provides certain management tools that are consistent with in the system design. Later, from the information obtained, was structured a framework in which describes how to address each element of the system, this is presented as a guide that allows you to design, operate and maintain the management system of the energy and the waste according to the operational and organizational characteristics of the establishment in question. Finally, concluded that by implementing the management system of the energy and the waste, the Hospital del Trabajador may achieve better results. This is due to that the efficiency measures will be more effective and will be achieved reductions in energy demand, even without the implementation of efficiency technologies, secondly will comply of best way with the handling plan of waste, and by including reducing strategies in the waste, will reduce the cost by treatment. In summary, the management system in addition to reducing environmental impacts, will generate economic benefits by reducing their costs and increasing their competitive advantage.
Description
Keywords
Energía, Residuos hospitalarios, Mejora continua, Sistema de gestión
