Thesis Propuesta de un panel de indicadores para la gestión de la operación de una línea aérea en un hub. Caso aplicado Lan Airlines-Lima.
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Date
2011-11
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Program
Ingeniería en Aviación Comercial
Departament
Campus
Campus Santiago Vitacura
Abstract
El estudio realizado a continuación entrega como resultado tres tablas construidas en base a indicadores generados por el estudio, las cuales conforman el Panel de Indicadores que permitirá gestionar la operación de una aerolínea en su aeropuerto hub, en este caso LAN Airlines en el Aeropuerto Internacional Jorge Chávez de Lima.
El Panel Principal de indicadores generado, corresponde al Panel Mensual de la operación, el cual, a diferencia de los otros dos, será el Panel que informe los resultados más globales de la operación de la aerolínea, unificando las medidas definidas como diarias y semanales, en las mensuales. En conjunto, los tres Paneles entregarán la comparación entre los datos de los indicadores calculados y las metas propuestas por cada área responsable de esos datos.
Véase a continuación la Ilustración 0.1, que representa una sección del Panel Mensual. En este se pueden observar las diversas divisiones que se le realizaron. Verticalmente, se muestra la estacionalidad de la medición y la comparación con las metas; mientras que horizontalmente, se divide en la correspondencia de los datos a responsabilidad de la aerolínea o del entorno, en lo que se busca evaluar (ya sea la competencia, la eficiencia o servicio al cliente) y finalmente la tarea que se desempeña para ello junto con los indicadores que la componen.
El Panel denominado Secundario corresponde a la tabla que incluye los indicadores medidos de manera semanal y diaria. Ésta, incluye las separaciones de los indicadores que se desean medir por flota de aeronaves, dejando para el Panel Terciario los indicadores también medidos de manera semanal y diaria, pero aún más específicos ya que requieren ser divididos por matrícula de aeronave.
Como se define desde el principio del estudio, cada Panel que se entregó como resultado servirá para realizar seguimiento de valores y cumplimiento de metas. Estas funciones se verán reflejadas en las diversas formas de relacionar las tres tablas a través de cálculos, así como también relacionar las metas con el valor real obtenido a través de colores indicadores de resultados (véase Ilustración 0,2 como ejemplo). Estos colores, divididos en tres, indicarán el desempeño del valor real versus la meta propuesta, quedando definido el color verde como un excelente desempeño cuando el valor real se iguale o sobrepase a la meta propuesta, color amarillo como desempeño regular cuando el valor no alcance la meta pero se encuentre cercano a ella por un máximo de dos dígitos bajo el valor esperado, y como color rojo cuando el desempeño sea ineficiente alejándose de la meta por un valor menor a la meta y dos dígitos menos.
Si bien los Paneles obtenidos son el resultado final de este estudio, no hay que dejar fuera el establecimiento de indicadores, los cuales se definen previo a la construcción de los paneles, y son finalmente el núcleo de todo el trabajo realizado. Estos indicadores permitirán realizar el seguimiento de cada factor que se desea estudiar, y clasificándolos según la tarea a cumplir permiten construir los Paneles presentados anteriormente.
Finalmente, los pasos realizados a lo largo de este estudio, permiten utilizarlo como guía para la construcción de indicadores de desempeño de la operación de una aerolínea, sea cual sea esta, y sea donde sea se ubique el aeropuerto hub que se quiera analizar.
The study performed below give as result, three tables which were based on indicators generated on it , which form the Indicator’s Panel that allow manage the airline’s operation in its hub airport, in this case LAN Airlines in the Jorge Chavez International Airport of Lima. The Principal indicator´s panel generated, corresponds to the monthly operations which one, unlike the other two, will be the Panel that report the most global results of the airline’s operation, unifying the measures defines as daily and weekly. Together, these three Panels provide a comparison between the indicator’s data calculated and the targets proposed for each section responsible of that data. The below Illustration 0.1, represent a monthly panel section. In this image, it's possible to see the different divisions that were performed. Vertically, it shows the measured period and the comparison with the targets, meanwhile is divided horizontally, in the correspondence of data to the airline’s responsibility or the environment, the division that show what is to evaluate (competition, efficiency or customer service) and finally, the tasks for this, together with the indicator that compose it. The Panel named Secondary corresponds to the table which includes the indicators measured weekly and daily. This one includes the indicators which are separate by aircraft fleet, leaving for the Tertiary Panel the indicators measured also weekly and daily, but more specifics, because required to be divided by the aircraft´s registration. As defined at the beginning of the study, each Panel that was delivered as a result will be useful to track data and compliance of targets. These functions will be reflected in the different ways to link the three tables through calculations, as well as link the targets with the real value obtained through colored indicators (see Illustration 0.2 with the example). This colors, divided into three, indicate the performance of real value versus the proposed goal, being defined the green color as an excellent performance when the real value equals or exceeds the target, the yellow color as regular performance when the value does not reach the target but it’s close to a maximum of two digits below the expected value, and red when the performance is even more inefficient, than the indicated by the yellow one. Even if the Panels are the final result obtained in this study, is important don’t leave out the establishment of indicators, which are defined before the construction of the Panels, being finally the core of all work done. These indicators will allow monitoring each factor to be studied and classifying them according to the task to be accomplished allowing construct Panels presented above. Finally, the steps taken throughout this study, allow use as a guide for the construction of any performance indicators of the airline’s operation and wherever is located the hub airport to be analyze.
The study performed below give as result, three tables which were based on indicators generated on it , which form the Indicator’s Panel that allow manage the airline’s operation in its hub airport, in this case LAN Airlines in the Jorge Chavez International Airport of Lima. The Principal indicator´s panel generated, corresponds to the monthly operations which one, unlike the other two, will be the Panel that report the most global results of the airline’s operation, unifying the measures defines as daily and weekly. Together, these three Panels provide a comparison between the indicator’s data calculated and the targets proposed for each section responsible of that data. The below Illustration 0.1, represent a monthly panel section. In this image, it's possible to see the different divisions that were performed. Vertically, it shows the measured period and the comparison with the targets, meanwhile is divided horizontally, in the correspondence of data to the airline’s responsibility or the environment, the division that show what is to evaluate (competition, efficiency or customer service) and finally, the tasks for this, together with the indicator that compose it. The Panel named Secondary corresponds to the table which includes the indicators measured weekly and daily. This one includes the indicators which are separate by aircraft fleet, leaving for the Tertiary Panel the indicators measured also weekly and daily, but more specifics, because required to be divided by the aircraft´s registration. As defined at the beginning of the study, each Panel that was delivered as a result will be useful to track data and compliance of targets. These functions will be reflected in the different ways to link the three tables through calculations, as well as link the targets with the real value obtained through colored indicators (see Illustration 0.2 with the example). This colors, divided into three, indicate the performance of real value versus the proposed goal, being defined the green color as an excellent performance when the real value equals or exceeds the target, the yellow color as regular performance when the value does not reach the target but it’s close to a maximum of two digits below the expected value, and red when the performance is even more inefficient, than the indicated by the yellow one. Even if the Panels are the final result obtained in this study, is important don’t leave out the establishment of indicators, which are defined before the construction of the Panels, being finally the core of all work done. These indicators will allow monitoring each factor to be studied and classifying them according to the task to be accomplished allowing construct Panels presented above. Finally, the steps taken throughout this study, allow use as a guide for the construction of any performance indicators of the airline’s operation and wherever is located the hub airport to be analyze.
Description
Keywords
Lan Airlines, Aeropuertos, Transporte aéreo, Centros de conexión aérea, Gestión de operaciones
