Thesis Construcción de curva de costos marginales de abatimiento de emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero para viña Concha y Toro
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Date
2016-11
Authors
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Program
Ingeniería Civil Industrial
Departament
Campus
Campus Santiago Vitacura
Abstract
El riesgo que trae consigo el cambio climático corresponde a una de las principales amenazas para la industria vitivinícola, a lo que se le suma, el interés en el tema por otros mercados, que ha llevado a que las empresas midan su Huella de Carbono, y busquen alternativas de reducción. En el presente trabajo se investigó sobre la Curva de Costos Marginales de Abatimiento de GEI (CCMA), la cual corresponde a una herramienta gráfica que permite priorizar proyectos de reducción de emisiones, desde la perspectiva de los costos de implementación. A partir de la Huella de Carbono de Viña Concha y Toro y las diversas técnicas disponibles para reducir GEI, obtenidas tras revisar el proceso productivo, los principales consumos del proceso y el estudio de casos internacionales y nacionales de otras viñas, se evaluaron diferentes alternativas para las instalaciones de la compañía, compuesta de 42 fundos, 11 bodegas y 4 plantas de envasado. La metodología empleada comienza con determinar el caso base a partir de información de la compañía, generar las proyecciones Business As Usual, determinar los proyectos a evaluar considerando los diferentes scopes de la Huella de carbono y los distintos tipos de instalaciones, evaluar los proyectos tomando en cuenta diferentes indicadores económicos, determinar las toneladas de GEI potenciales a mitigar, y terminando con la construcción de la CCMA. En este caso, los proyectos evaluados para fundos corresponden a bombas solares de riego y uso de biodiesel, para bodegas la caldera de biomasa, bomba de calor y planta de biogás, y para las plantas de envasado paneles solares térmicos y fotovoltaicos. Tras obtener la CCMA, se genera un análisis de sensibilidad, creando diversos escenarios para el valor del dólar, tasa de descuento, tendencia de los precios de energía y de la producción. De ello, se determina que el precio de los combustibles y la tendencia de la producción de uva propia son variables claves en el resultado de la priorización de los proyectos para este caso. Finalmente, se obtiene que el proyecto que genera más beneficios por tonelada de CO2e abatida es la caldera de biomasa, pero se destaca también, el proyecto que le sigue que corresponde a la bomba solar de riego, que bajo ciertos escenarios se sobrepone al proyecto anterior.
The risk associated to climate change is one of the main threats to the wine industry, to which is added, the interest from other markets in this subject, that led companies to measure their carbon footprint and seek alternatives for its reduction. In this paper, it was generated an investigation of the Marginal Abatement Cost Curve (MACC), which corresponds to a graphical tool that allows to prioritize projects for GHG emission reduction from the perspective of implementation costs. Considering the carbon footprint of Viña Concha y Toro and the diverse techniques available to reduce GHG, that were obtained after reviewing the productive process, the process main consumptions and from the study of international and nationals cases of other vineyards; different alternatives were evaluated for the facilities of the company, composed of 42 vineyards, 11 wineries and 4 plants. The methodology begins with the determination of the baseline case from company information, then it continues to the generation of Business As Usual projections, the determination of the projects that will be evaluated considering the different scopes of the carbon footprint and the different types of facilities, then the evaluation of the projects, the determination of the tons of GHG that potentially will be mitigated, and ending with the construction of the MACC. In this case, the projects evaluated for vineyards were the solar irrigation pumps and the use of biodiesel, for wineries the biomass boiler, heat pump and biogas plant, and for packaging plants the solar thermal and photovoltaic panels. After obtaining the MACC, a sensitivity analysis is generated, creating different scenarios for the dollar’s value, discount rate, trend of energy prices and production. It is determined that the trend for fuel prices and for the production of own grapes are key variables in the result of the prioritization for this case. Finally, it is determined that the project that generates more profit per ton of CO2e mitigated is the biomass boiler, but the project that follows in the priorization corresponds to the solar irrigation pump, which under certain scenarios overcomes the biomass boiler.
The risk associated to climate change is one of the main threats to the wine industry, to which is added, the interest from other markets in this subject, that led companies to measure their carbon footprint and seek alternatives for its reduction. In this paper, it was generated an investigation of the Marginal Abatement Cost Curve (MACC), which corresponds to a graphical tool that allows to prioritize projects for GHG emission reduction from the perspective of implementation costs. Considering the carbon footprint of Viña Concha y Toro and the diverse techniques available to reduce GHG, that were obtained after reviewing the productive process, the process main consumptions and from the study of international and nationals cases of other vineyards; different alternatives were evaluated for the facilities of the company, composed of 42 vineyards, 11 wineries and 4 plants. The methodology begins with the determination of the baseline case from company information, then it continues to the generation of Business As Usual projections, the determination of the projects that will be evaluated considering the different scopes of the carbon footprint and the different types of facilities, then the evaluation of the projects, the determination of the tons of GHG that potentially will be mitigated, and ending with the construction of the MACC. In this case, the projects evaluated for vineyards were the solar irrigation pumps and the use of biodiesel, for wineries the biomass boiler, heat pump and biogas plant, and for packaging plants the solar thermal and photovoltaic panels. After obtaining the MACC, a sensitivity analysis is generated, creating different scenarios for the dollar’s value, discount rate, trend of energy prices and production. It is determined that the trend for fuel prices and for the production of own grapes are key variables in the result of the prioritization for this case. Finally, it is determined that the project that generates more profit per ton of CO2e mitigated is the biomass boiler, but the project that follows in the priorization corresponds to the solar irrigation pump, which under certain scenarios overcomes the biomass boiler.
Description
Keywords
Eficiencia energética, Huella de carbono, Industria vitivinícola, Viña Concha y Toro
