Thesis Estudio de comunidades locales como Stakeholders en proyectos concesionados
Loading...
Date
2023
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Program
Ingeniería Civil
Departament
Campus
Campus Santiago San Joaquín
Abstract
Actualmente, el mundo está entrando en una nueva era de megaproyectos, donde los países desarrollados y en vías de desarrollo, movilizan al sector privado para que invierta fuertemente en ambiciosas iniciativas de infraestructura. Chile, con su notable desarrollo y crecimiento económico, no ha sido la excepción en esta tendencia.
Sin embargo, la gestión de esta clase de proyectos se ha vuelto un desafío, históricamente 9 de cada 10 de estos incurren en sobrecostos y retrasos. Uno de los factores determinantes de estos inconvenientes es la deficiente integración y participación ciudadana, provocando desconfianza y resistencia, escalando desde las comunidades locales hasta la ciudadanía en general. Esta situación no solo cuestiona la ejecución de los proyectos actuales, sino también iniciativas futuras.
La teoría de la gestión de stakeholders, que ha ganado relevancia en el mundo de la administración de proyectos, reconoce a las comunidades locales como un actor interesado, no obstante, la priorización e identificación de estos aún no se han resuelto (Di Maddaloni, et al., 2017), pese a la evidencia histórica de esta clase de proyectos.
Bajo este panorama, nace de forma natural la interrogante: ¿Qué profesionales está mejor capacitado para liderar y optimizar la gestión con las comunidades locales?, bajo la cual se plantea la hipótesis que los profesionales de las ciencias sociales son los mas capacitados debido a su formación y enfoque.
En esta memoria, se realiza un estudio comparativo entre los profesionales de la ingeniería y construcción y los profesionales de las ciencias sociales acerca de la teoría de gestión de stakeholders, enfocado en las comunidades locales, por medio de una entrevista de 13 preguntas cuidadosamente elaboradas.
A nivel contextual, se explora el Sistema de Concesión de Obras Públicas en Chile, que ha sido el principal mecanismo para la ejecución de proyectos de desarrollo en el país. De la misma forma, se analiza el Sistema de Concesiones Mineras, dado el peso de la minería en nuestra economía y desarrollo.
Currently, the world is entering a new era of megaprojects, where developed and developing countries mobilize the private sector to invest heavily in ambitious infrastructure initiatives. Chile, with its notable development and economic growth, has not been the exception to this trend. However, managing this type of projects has become a challenge, historically 9 out of 10 of these incur cost overruns and delays. One of the determining factors of these inconveniences is for deficient integration and citizen participation, causing mistrust and resistance, escalating from local communities to citizens in general. This situation not only questions the execution of current projects, but also future initiatives. The theory of stakeholder management, which has gained relevance in the world of Project management, recognizes local communities as an interested actor, however, the prioritization and identification of these have not yet been resolved (Di Maddaloni, et al., 2017), despite the historical evidence of this type of projects. Under this panorama, the question arises naturally: Which professionals are best qualified to lead and optimize management with local communities?, under which the hypothesis is raised that social science professionals are the most qualified due to their training and approach. In this memory, a comparative study is carried out between engineering and construction professionals and social science professionals about the theory of stakeholder management, through an interview of 13 thoroughly prepared questions. At a contextual level, the Public Infrastructure Concession System in Chile is explored, which has been the main mechanism for the execution of development projects in the country. In the same way, the Mining Concession System is analyzed, given the weight of the mining industry in our economy and development.
Currently, the world is entering a new era of megaprojects, where developed and developing countries mobilize the private sector to invest heavily in ambitious infrastructure initiatives. Chile, with its notable development and economic growth, has not been the exception to this trend. However, managing this type of projects has become a challenge, historically 9 out of 10 of these incur cost overruns and delays. One of the determining factors of these inconveniences is for deficient integration and citizen participation, causing mistrust and resistance, escalating from local communities to citizens in general. This situation not only questions the execution of current projects, but also future initiatives. The theory of stakeholder management, which has gained relevance in the world of Project management, recognizes local communities as an interested actor, however, the prioritization and identification of these have not yet been resolved (Di Maddaloni, et al., 2017), despite the historical evidence of this type of projects. Under this panorama, the question arises naturally: Which professionals are best qualified to lead and optimize management with local communities?, under which the hypothesis is raised that social science professionals are the most qualified due to their training and approach. In this memory, a comparative study is carried out between engineering and construction professionals and social science professionals about the theory of stakeholder management, through an interview of 13 thoroughly prepared questions. At a contextual level, the Public Infrastructure Concession System in Chile is explored, which has been the main mechanism for the execution of development projects in the country. In the same way, the Mining Concession System is analyzed, given the weight of the mining industry in our economy and development.
Description
Keywords
Administración de riesgos, Administración de proyectos, Gestión de stakeholders
