Thesis Desarrollo conceptual de un recuperador de calor para gases de escape de grupos geeradores diesel en zonas extremas
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Date
2018-09
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Program
Ingeniería Civil Industrial
Departament
Campus
Campus Casa Central Valparaíso
Abstract
En zonas extremas del país, las inhóspitas condiciones climáticas y la ausencia de redes eléctricas convencionales, hacen necesario el abastecimiento de energía a través de grupos generadores diésel. Sin embargo, estos generadores presentan una eficiencia de conversión de energía bastante baja, en torno al 30 %. Mejorar esta eficiencia en el proceso de conversión de combustibles fósiles a energía útil es una temática alineada con la política energética de largo plazo del país. Una de las alternativas que presenta un excelente potencial para aumentar la eficiencia global de coversión de energía es la recuperación de energía residual existente en los gases de escape del motor Diesel, ya que según la literatura, estos albergan alrededor del 35% del contenido energético total del combustible fósil.
A lo largo de la presente memoria de titulo, se busca estudiar el comportamiento de la transferencia de calor entre los gases de escape de generadores eléctricos impulsados utilizando motores de combustión interna a Diésel, mediante la implementación de un modelo numérico de calculo que permita diseñar el recuperador de calor desde el punto de vista térmico e hidráulico.
Se analiza la información de las fichas técnicas de diversos grupos generadores, de distinto rango de potencia, a modo de determinar el potencial para la recuperación de energía y el posible abastecimiento de agua sanitaria o calefacción de espacios.
Según datos del consumo de combustible de la base Villa las Estrellas en la Antártica Chilena, se puede observar el impacto económico de la recuperación de energía residual.
In extreme areas of the country, inhospitable weather conditions and the absence of conventional electricity grids, it is necessary to supply energy through diesel generators, however these generators have low energy conversion e ciency, around 30 %, improve this e ciency in the process of conversion of fossil fuels, is a theme aligned with the long-term energy policy of the country, one of the alternatives that has the greatest potential for recovery of residual energy in the exhaust gases, and that according to the literature they harbor around 35% of the energy content of the fuel. Throughout the present title report, it is sought to study the behavior of the heat transfer between the exhaust gases of electric generators that work by means of internal combustion engines to diesel, through the development of a numerical model of calculation that allows to design the heat recovery from the thermal and hydraulic point of view. The information of the technical sheets of di erent generating groups, of di erent power range, is analyzed in order to determine the potential for energy recovery and the possible sanitary water supply or space heating. According to data on the fuel consumption of the Villa Las Estrellas base in the Chilean Antarctic, the economic impact of the recovery of residual energy can be observed.
In extreme areas of the country, inhospitable weather conditions and the absence of conventional electricity grids, it is necessary to supply energy through diesel generators, however these generators have low energy conversion e ciency, around 30 %, improve this e ciency in the process of conversion of fossil fuels, is a theme aligned with the long-term energy policy of the country, one of the alternatives that has the greatest potential for recovery of residual energy in the exhaust gases, and that according to the literature they harbor around 35% of the energy content of the fuel. Throughout the present title report, it is sought to study the behavior of the heat transfer between the exhaust gases of electric generators that work by means of internal combustion engines to diesel, through the development of a numerical model of calculation that allows to design the heat recovery from the thermal and hydraulic point of view. The information of the technical sheets of di erent generating groups, of di erent power range, is analyzed in order to determine the potential for energy recovery and the possible sanitary water supply or space heating. According to data on the fuel consumption of the Villa Las Estrellas base in the Chilean Antarctic, the economic impact of the recovery of residual energy can be observed.
Description
Keywords
Generador diesel, Eficiencia energética, Transferencia de calor
