Thesis Estimar zonas de activación muscular laríngeas y su profundidad mediante la utilización de electromiograma superficial de alta densidad
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Date
2025-03
Authors
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Program
Ingeniería Civil Electrónica
Departament
Campus
Campus Casa Central Valparaíso
Abstract
El estudio de la actividad muscular laríngea es fundamental para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de patologías relacionadas con la voz. Sin embargo, las técnicas actuales para analizar esta actividad, como la Electromiografía Intramuscular (iEMG), son invasivas y complejas de implementar, requiriendo de expertos para su realización. Aquí es donde la Electromiografía Superficial de Alta Densidad, o HDsEMG, aporta un enfoque innovador al permitir un análisis igual de detallado y no invasivo. Con esto en mente, se apunta a comprobar un método de localización de actividad muscular basado en el trabajo de Lundberg et al., a su vez basado en el trabajo de Roeleveld et al. de modelos analíticos de conductores volumétricos implementados en Matlab. Para esto se utilizaron mediciones simultaneas de HDsEMG e iEMG en el brazo, mano y laringe de distintos sujetos de prueba. Estas señales se procesaron para luego implementar un modelo de Ajuste Gaussiano, que junto a un modelo Cilíndrico Volumétrico nos permite estimar la profundidad de las zonas de activación muscular de distintas unidades motoras identificadas en las mediciones. Luego de esto, se repitieron los pasos con señales fonatorias medidas simultáneamente con HDsEMG e iEMG. Los resultados obtenidos en el músculo Aductor Pollicis mostraron una alta precisión en la estimación de la profundidad de las unidades motoras, con valores cercanos a la profundidad de inserción de la aguja iEMG (15 mm). En la zona laríngea, se identificaron 247 unidades motoras en distintas tareas fonatorias, con profundidades estimadas que variaron entre 0.76 mm y 5.39 mm, dependiendo de la tarea realizada. Aunque no se logró procesar completamente los datos de iEMG en la laringe, el análisis de calidad de las unidades motoras identificadas respalda la utilidad del método para la localización de actividad muscular en esta región. En conclusión, este estudio demuestra que el uso de HDsEMG junto con un modelo de Ajuste Gaussiano y un Modelo Cilíndrico Volumétrico permite estimar de manera no invasiva la profundidad y localización de las unidades motoras en músculos laríngeos. Este enfoque tiene un gran potencial para aplicaciones clínicas, especialmente en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de trastornos de la voz, así como en la rehabilitación vocal.
The study of laryngeal muscle activity is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of voice-related pathologies. However, current techniques for analyzing this activity, such as Intramuscular Electromyography (iEMG), are invasive and complex to implement, requiring experts for their execution. This is where High-Density Surface Electromyography, or HDsEMG, offers an innovative approach by enabling equally detailed and non-invasive analysis. With this in mind, the aim is to validate a method for localizing muscle activity based on the work of Lundberg et al., which in turn is based on the work of Roeleveld et al. on analytical models of volumetric conductors implemented in Matlab. For this purpose, simultaneous measurements of HDsEMG and iEMG were taken in the arm, hand, and larynx of different test subjects. These signals were processed to then implement a Gaussian Fitting model, which, together with a Cylindrical Volumetric Model, allows us to estimate the depth of muscle activation zones of different motor units identified in the measurements. Subsequently, the same steps were repeated with phonatory signals measured simultaneously using HDsEMG and iEMG. The results obtained in the Adductor Pollicis muscle showed high accuracy in estimating the depth of motor units, with values close to the insertion depth of the iEMG needle (15 mm). In the laryngeal region, 247 motor units were identified across various phonatory tasks, with estimated depths ranging from 0.76 mm to 5.39 mm, depending on the task performed. Although the iEMG data in the larynx could not be fully processed, the quality analysis of the identified motor units supports the usefulness of the method for localizing muscle activity in this region. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the use of HDsEMG, combined with a Gaussian Fitting model and a Cylindrical Volumetric Model, allows for non-invasive estimation of the depth and location of motor units in laryngeal muscles. This approach holds great potential for clinical applications, particularly in the diagnosis and treatment of voice disorders, as well as in vocal rehabilitation.
The study of laryngeal muscle activity is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of voice-related pathologies. However, current techniques for analyzing this activity, such as Intramuscular Electromyography (iEMG), are invasive and complex to implement, requiring experts for their execution. This is where High-Density Surface Electromyography, or HDsEMG, offers an innovative approach by enabling equally detailed and non-invasive analysis. With this in mind, the aim is to validate a method for localizing muscle activity based on the work of Lundberg et al., which in turn is based on the work of Roeleveld et al. on analytical models of volumetric conductors implemented in Matlab. For this purpose, simultaneous measurements of HDsEMG and iEMG were taken in the arm, hand, and larynx of different test subjects. These signals were processed to then implement a Gaussian Fitting model, which, together with a Cylindrical Volumetric Model, allows us to estimate the depth of muscle activation zones of different motor units identified in the measurements. Subsequently, the same steps were repeated with phonatory signals measured simultaneously using HDsEMG and iEMG. The results obtained in the Adductor Pollicis muscle showed high accuracy in estimating the depth of motor units, with values close to the insertion depth of the iEMG needle (15 mm). In the laryngeal region, 247 motor units were identified across various phonatory tasks, with estimated depths ranging from 0.76 mm to 5.39 mm, depending on the task performed. Although the iEMG data in the larynx could not be fully processed, the quality analysis of the identified motor units supports the usefulness of the method for localizing muscle activity in this region. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the use of HDsEMG, combined with a Gaussian Fitting model and a Cylindrical Volumetric Model, allows for non-invasive estimation of the depth and location of motor units in laryngeal muscles. This approach holds great potential for clinical applications, particularly in the diagnosis and treatment of voice disorders, as well as in vocal rehabilitation.
Description
Keywords
Electromiografía Superficial de Alta Densidad (HDsEMG), Electromiografía Intramuscular (iEMG), Laringe, Voz, MATLAB, Ajuste gaussiano, Electrodos, High density superfitial electromiography, Intramuscular electromiography, Larynx, Voice, Electrodes
