Thesis CUADRO DE MANDO INTEGRAL PARA EL ÁREA DE MANTENIMIENTO DE EQUIPOS DE IZAJE DE MINERA ESCONDIDA LTDA.
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Date
2012-05
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Program
DEPARTAMENTO DE INGENIERÍA COMERCIAL. MAGÍSTER EN GESTIÓN EMPRESARIAL-MBA
Campus
Campus Vitacura, Santiago
Abstract
El Cuadro de Mando Integral (CMI) nació como una herramienta de control de Gestión
desarrollada por Robert Kaplan y David Norton en el año 1992, desde ese entonces se
ha destacado como una de las mejores formas de llevar a la acción la estrategia y visión
de las empresas. Diversos trabajos y estudios se han realizado en torno a esta
herramienta, los cuales se pueden ver reflejados en la literatura de sus creadores. En
base a estas implementaciones, esta herramienta ha evolucionado continuamente y
sus usos se han masificado considerablemente. Una de las aplicaciones poco frecuente
pero no por esto con poca efectividad es en las empresas o áreas dedicadas al
mantenimiento, específicamente cuando se refiere a clientes internos. Este es el caso
de este trabajo, en donde se plantea un uso específico de un área de mantenimiento,
específicamente de equipos de izaje, de una gran empresa de la minería como lo es
Minera Escondida, un referente a nivel mundial de una empresa de Clase Mundial. Por
este hecho es que Minera Escondida posee como herramienta de Control de Gestión,
un Cuadro de mando Integral, pero nace la problemática si este CMI Corporativo es
capaz de hacer llegar la estrategia en modo operativo a todas las áreas, la repuesta es
sí, pero cada área o unidad estratégica de negocios posee también una estrategia
alineada la cual debe orientarse más específicamente a la acción, es por eso que se
hace necesario contar con una especie de Sub-CMI, para operativizar aún más la visión
de la empresa y a su vez que esta área genere su propia Visión para contribuir a la
estrategia general de la empresa, la cual deben hacerla propia los trabajadores y
profesionales de dicha área. Como solución a lo anterior se desarrolla un CMI basado
en una Visión y Misión propia de esta área, en cual se insertarán indicadores que
orienten al área no solamente en el plano financiero y de procesos internos
(mantenimiento propiamente tal), cómo generalmente se plantea un área como esta,
sino que también se abarcarán perspectivas asociadas al cliente, al crecimiento y
aprendizaje. La primera cobra relevancia debido a que se está hablando de un área de
servicios la cual debe velar por la forma en que la ven sus clientes, aún cuando sea un
cliente interno, y para el segundo siempre debe existir una orientación a crecer y a
aprender como organización así como el utilizar y aprovechar la tecnología disponible.
Por lo tanto toda área orientada al mantenimiento de Clase Mundial, en el cual se usan
herramientas e indicadores de gestión basados en la Ingeniería de Mantenimiento e
Ingeniería de confiablidad, debe además considerar estos aspectos para Gerenciar el
Mantenimiento, como una unidad estratégica dentro del negocio de cada empresa,
siendo esta la principal motivación para desarrollar una herramienta de Control de
Gestión en esta área, de manera de complementar la gestión macro dentro de Minera
Escondida.
The Balanced Scorecard (BSC) was born as a tool of monitoring of the administrative process developed by Robert Kaplan and David Norton in the year 1992, since then it has been pointed out as one of the best ways of carrying out into action the strategy and view of the enterprises. Several works and studies have been carried out about this tool, which can be seen reflected in the literature of theirs creators. Based on these developments, this tool has continuously evolved and its uses have been widely spread. One of the less frequent applications, but not with less effectiveness, it is in the enterprises or areas dedicated to maintenance, specifically when it is related to internal or domestic customers. This in the case of this work, where it is raised the point of the specific use of a maintenance area, particularly of the hoisting equipments, of a large-scale mining enterprise as it is Escondida Mining, a worldwide referent of a World Class enterprise. It is for this fact that Escondida Mining has a tool of monitoring of the administrative process, the Balanced Scorecard, but there arises the major issues, if this BSC is able to make reach the strategy in an operative mode to all the areas, the answer I s yes, but each strategic area or business unit also have an aligned strategy which must be oriented more specifically to action, that is because it is necessary to have a kind of sub-BSC, in order to make more operative the View of the enterprise and the same time that this area generated its own View to help to the general strategy of the enterprise, which workers and professionals of the area must adopt it as their own. As a solution to the above mentioned, it is developed and BSC based on a View and Mission proper of this area in which will be introduced indicators which direct area not only in the financial field and internal processes (actually maintenance), as it is generally established in a such area, but also will be include prospects related to the customer, growing and learning. The first mentioned acquire importance because it is been spoken of an area of services which must take good care for the way which are viewed by the customers, even though it is a domestic or internal customer, and for the second, there should always exist an orientation to grow an learn as an organization as well as using and take advantage of the available technology. Therefore every area oriented to World Class maintenance in which are used managerial tools and indicators based on maintenance engineering and reliability engineering, should also take into consideration these factors to Manage the Maintenance, as strategic unit within the business of each enterprise being this the main motivation to develop a tool of monitoring of the administrative process in this area, as a way of supplementing the macro management within The Escondida Mining.
The Balanced Scorecard (BSC) was born as a tool of monitoring of the administrative process developed by Robert Kaplan and David Norton in the year 1992, since then it has been pointed out as one of the best ways of carrying out into action the strategy and view of the enterprises. Several works and studies have been carried out about this tool, which can be seen reflected in the literature of theirs creators. Based on these developments, this tool has continuously evolved and its uses have been widely spread. One of the less frequent applications, but not with less effectiveness, it is in the enterprises or areas dedicated to maintenance, specifically when it is related to internal or domestic customers. This in the case of this work, where it is raised the point of the specific use of a maintenance area, particularly of the hoisting equipments, of a large-scale mining enterprise as it is Escondida Mining, a worldwide referent of a World Class enterprise. It is for this fact that Escondida Mining has a tool of monitoring of the administrative process, the Balanced Scorecard, but there arises the major issues, if this BSC is able to make reach the strategy in an operative mode to all the areas, the answer I s yes, but each strategic area or business unit also have an aligned strategy which must be oriented more specifically to action, that is because it is necessary to have a kind of sub-BSC, in order to make more operative the View of the enterprise and the same time that this area generated its own View to help to the general strategy of the enterprise, which workers and professionals of the area must adopt it as their own. As a solution to the above mentioned, it is developed and BSC based on a View and Mission proper of this area in which will be introduced indicators which direct area not only in the financial field and internal processes (actually maintenance), as it is generally established in a such area, but also will be include prospects related to the customer, growing and learning. The first mentioned acquire importance because it is been spoken of an area of services which must take good care for the way which are viewed by the customers, even though it is a domestic or internal customer, and for the second, there should always exist an orientation to grow an learn as an organization as well as using and take advantage of the available technology. Therefore every area oriented to World Class maintenance in which are used managerial tools and indicators based on maintenance engineering and reliability engineering, should also take into consideration these factors to Manage the Maintenance, as strategic unit within the business of each enterprise being this the main motivation to develop a tool of monitoring of the administrative process in this area, as a way of supplementing the macro management within The Escondida Mining.
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Keywords
CUADRO DE MANDO INTEGRAL