Thesis REACCIÓN DE LA GRAN EMPRESA CUPRÍFERA PRIVADA AL IMPUESTO ESPECÍFICO A LA MINERÍA.
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Date
2008-09
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Program
DEPARTAMENTO DE INDUSTRIAS. INGENIERÍA CIVIL INDUSTRIAL
Campus
Campus Vitacura, Santiago
Abstract
En el año 2006 comenzó a regir la ley número 20.026 que ayudaría a potenciar el desarrollo económico nacional a través de la incorporación de nuevas disposiciones tendientes a aumentar la recaudación que las empresas mineras hacían al Estado Fisco, más que regular una posible sobreexplotación del recurso cuprífero. La recaudación que ha tenido en estos dos años el Fisco aún es insatisfactoria a pesar de la óptima demanda mundial del cobre que ha elevado el precio del metal rojo y de los retornos por exportaciones. La explicación se encuentra en que la mayor de las empresas del GMP-10 se eximió de adscribir a la ley 20.026 y por costos que crecieron más que las ventas. Al primer semestre del 2008 las ganancias anuales de las GMP-10 han sido mayores a las inversiones acumuladas pero a pesar que las condiciones geográficas favorecen proyectos de exploración y explotación, en la región se está erigiendo Perú como un competidor progresivo; La producción cuprífera ha crecido cautelosamente en Chile desde el año 2005 pero nivel internacional se han recuperado las posiciones de atractivo minero perdidas en el año que se instauró la ley 20.026. Avances tecnológicos que hagan económicamente viable explotar nuevos yacimientos, permitirán aumentar las reservas, pero se requiere que la explotación sea rentable, lo cual supone lógicamente cuidar el aumento del costo de explotación con nuevos tributos para que las Cías. Mineras optimicen sus operaciones. La conversión del capital natural en otras formas de capital, ya sea humano, financiero o tecnológico, para Chile significaría mantener el crecimiento y progreso de la zona si las operaciones mineras se cerraran, lo cual en el corto plazo se ve bastante difícil. El camino hacia el desarrollo a partir de recursos naturales requiere de esfuerzos sostenidos y particulares. La tecnología mundial es rápida y si fuera necesario sustituir el cobre. Si nuestras políticas económico-tributarias siguen esta misma ruta sin un remezón brusco y profundo, pronto podríamos encontrarnos transitando por la misma senda del salitre.
In 2006 the law began to govern 20.026 that would help to promote the economic national development across the incorporation of new regulations tending to increase the collection that the mining companies were doing to the State Exchequer, more that to regulate a possible overexploitation of the resource cuprífero. The collection that has had in these two years the Exchequer still is unsatisfactory in spite of the ideal world demand of the copper that has raised the price of the red metal and of the returns for exports. The explanation is in that the major one of the companies of the GMP-10 excused herself from assigning to the law 20.026 and for costs that grew more than the sales. To the first semester of 2008 the annual returns of the GMP-10 have been bigger than the accumulated investments but than sorrow that the geographical conditions favor projects of exploration and exploitation in the continent, Perú is raised as a progressive competitor; The production of cooper has grown cautiously in Chile from the year 2005 but international level there have recovered the positions of mining attraction lost in the year that restored the law 20.026. Technological advances that they make economically viable to exploit new deposits, will allow to increase the reserves, but there is needed that the exploitation is profitable, which supposes taking care logically of the increase of the cost of exploitation with new taxes in order that the Cías. Miners optimize his operations. The conversion of the natural capital in other forms of the capital, already is human, financial or technological, for Chile it would mean to support the growth and progress of the zone if the mining operations were closed, which in the short term meets difficult enough. The way towards the development from natural resources needs of supported and particular efforts. The world technology is rapid and if it was necessary to replace the copper. If our economic-tributary policies follow the same route without a sudden and deep, prompt remezón we us might be passing along the same path of the saltpeter.
In 2006 the law began to govern 20.026 that would help to promote the economic national development across the incorporation of new regulations tending to increase the collection that the mining companies were doing to the State Exchequer, more that to regulate a possible overexploitation of the resource cuprífero. The collection that has had in these two years the Exchequer still is unsatisfactory in spite of the ideal world demand of the copper that has raised the price of the red metal and of the returns for exports. The explanation is in that the major one of the companies of the GMP-10 excused herself from assigning to the law 20.026 and for costs that grew more than the sales. To the first semester of 2008 the annual returns of the GMP-10 have been bigger than the accumulated investments but than sorrow that the geographical conditions favor projects of exploration and exploitation in the continent, Perú is raised as a progressive competitor; The production of cooper has grown cautiously in Chile from the year 2005 but international level there have recovered the positions of mining attraction lost in the year that restored the law 20.026. Technological advances that they make economically viable to exploit new deposits, will allow to increase the reserves, but there is needed that the exploitation is profitable, which supposes taking care logically of the increase of the cost of exploitation with new taxes in order that the Cías. Miners optimize his operations. The conversion of the natural capital in other forms of the capital, already is human, financial or technological, for Chile it would mean to support the growth and progress of the zone if the mining operations were closed, which in the short term meets difficult enough. The way towards the development from natural resources needs of supported and particular efforts. The world technology is rapid and if it was necessary to replace the copper. If our economic-tributary policies follow the same route without a sudden and deep, prompt remezón we us might be passing along the same path of the saltpeter.
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Keywords
IMPUESTOS -- MINERIA -- CHILE, COBRE -- PRODUCCION, COBRE -- CHILE -- ASPECTOS ECONOMICOS, COBRE -- MERCADO INTERNACIONAL, IMPUESTOS -- CHILE