Thesis EVALUACIÓN DE LA GENERACIÓN ENERGÉTICA EN BASE A ENERGÍAS RENOVABLES NO CONVENCIONALES PARA LAS INSTALACIONES DE ENAP- MAGALLANES COMO ALTERNATIVA A LA TERMOELECTRICIDAD
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Date
2016
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Abstract
La presente memoria tiene como objetivo evaluar la implementación de plantas de generación energética en base a fuentes renovables no convencionales en instalaciones de la Empresa Nacional del Petróleo, ubicadas en la región de Magallanes y de la Antártica Chilena, con el fin de reducir el consumo interno de gas natural para la generación termoeléctrica que requiere, dado que todas estas se encuentran aisladas de las redes de transmisión de la región. Para lograr lo anterior, se presentan metodologías para estimar el potencial de los recursos renovables de la región como son: el viento, para la generación eólica; la irradiación solar y temperatura, para la generación fotovoltaica; y la velocidad de las corrientes marinas, para la generación mareomotriz. A partir de éstas se intuye que, en un sistema híbrido aislado de la red, resulta más atractivo el desarrollo de un proyecto eólico. Posteriormente, se realiza una evaluación técnico-económica basada en las metodologías de estimación eólica, en las cuatro plantas de mayor consumo de la empresa en la región: Cabo Negro, Gregorio, Posesión y Cullen. Los principales resultados obtenidos son la penetración eólica en el sistema de la planta, el excedente de energía eólica generada, factores de planta y el ahorro de combustible generado, además de índices económicos como el Valor Actual Neto, Tasa Interna de Retorno y Payback. Estos resultados son presentados para dos casos: uno en el que se considera que la planta mantiene constante su potencia demandada en el tiempo y otro, en el que se considera que aumenta progresivamente, además de considerarse dos modos distintos de operar el sistema eléctrico de la planta.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of implementing non-conventional renewable energy at National Petroleum Company (ENAP) plants in the southernmost region of Chile (the 12th region). Use of renewable energy would aim to reduce ENAP’s dependency on thermoelectric power, which in turn would reduce its internal consumption of natural gas. This region of Chile, which extends to the Chilean territory in Antarctica, is sparsely populated and geographically vast; the plants are therefore isolated from the transmission networks. To determine the system feasibility, this study presents methodologies to estimate the potential of the following renewable energy resources: wind power generation (wind energy); solar power generation (photovoltaic energy); and wave power generation (marine energy). Based on these methodologies it is hypothesized that a hybrid wind-natural gas system would be the most effective in the region. The technical and economic comparison in this paper is based on aeolian energy methodologies in ENAP’s four highest-consuming plants in the 12th region: Cabo Negro, Gregorio, Posesión, and Cullen. The principal metrics used to interpret the results are the ratio of wind energy produced in relation to total energy production; the surplus energy generated through aeolian means; site-specific factors; and the reduction in use of combustible energy; in addition, economic indices are considered, such as present value and internal rate of return. These results are applied to a case in which power demand is constant and reflects present use, and a case in which power demand progressively increases over time. While investigating both cases, two distinct modes of operating the plants’ electric systems are presented.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of implementing non-conventional renewable energy at National Petroleum Company (ENAP) plants in the southernmost region of Chile (the 12th region). Use of renewable energy would aim to reduce ENAP’s dependency on thermoelectric power, which in turn would reduce its internal consumption of natural gas. This region of Chile, which extends to the Chilean territory in Antarctica, is sparsely populated and geographically vast; the plants are therefore isolated from the transmission networks. To determine the system feasibility, this study presents methodologies to estimate the potential of the following renewable energy resources: wind power generation (wind energy); solar power generation (photovoltaic energy); and wave power generation (marine energy). Based on these methodologies it is hypothesized that a hybrid wind-natural gas system would be the most effective in the region. The technical and economic comparison in this paper is based on aeolian energy methodologies in ENAP’s four highest-consuming plants in the 12th region: Cabo Negro, Gregorio, Posesión, and Cullen. The principal metrics used to interpret the results are the ratio of wind energy produced in relation to total energy production; the surplus energy generated through aeolian means; site-specific factors; and the reduction in use of combustible energy; in addition, economic indices are considered, such as present value and internal rate of return. These results are applied to a case in which power demand is constant and reflects present use, and a case in which power demand progressively increases over time. While investigating both cases, two distinct modes of operating the plants’ electric systems are presented.
Description
Catalogado desde la version PDF de la tesis.
Keywords
ENAP, GENERACION TERMOELECTRICA, PLANTAS GENERACION ENERGETICA