Thesis Estrategia de alineación de negocio en la implementación de E-business en las empresas
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Date
2012-11
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Program
Ingeniería Civil Industrial
Departament
Campus
Campus Santiago Vitacura
Abstract
Durante las últimas décadas, el desarrollo acelerado de las tecnologías de información ha traído consigo cambios importantes tanto dentro de las empresas como también en nuestra vida cotidiana. Hoy en día, incluso las formas de hacer negocios están cambiando, pudiendo hacerse transacciones y procesos en línea. Esto ha sido posible gracias a que la tecnología se ha convertido en un recurso estandarizado y accesible, el cual, actualmente se utiliza para permitir o apoyar una variedad de procesos de e-business. En Latinoamérica, las ventas realizadas mediante esta modalidad duplicaron su crecimiento en tan sólo dos años, superando todas las proyecciones del mercado y abriendo nuevas y optimistas oportunidades. Sin embargo, Chile es un país que presenta grandes desafíos pendientes en el comercio electrónico, ya que son pocas las empresas que han enfrentado el desarrollo de este canal a través de una estrategia específica y distinta a la aplicada a las ventas mediante otros ductos. Junto con este cambio, aparece un nuevo concepto que ha ganado gran interés por los investigadores en el área, la "alineación estratégica", que se basa tanto en la adaptación estratégica y su integración funcional. Para ello, reconoce la necesidad de una estrategia para hacer frente a los factores externos e internos que presentan las empresas. Los procesos de e-business obligan a que se realice una alineación junto a la estrategia de negocio, pues su desarrollo requiere de cambios importantes. Este proceso en conjunto al logro de una ventaja competitiva ha sido el foco de muchas discusiones durante la última década, y su implicancia en la eficacia de la información percibida y el rendimiento empresarial es de gran importancia. A pesar de esto, actualmente en Chile es un tema muy poco estudiado. En el presente estudio, buscando comprender el efecto que tiene la implementación del e-business sobre el rendimiento y la estrategia de negocio, se propone un modelo de alineamiento estratégico a partir del modelo propuesto por Henderson & Venkatraman (1999). Este modelo será estudiado a través de la aplicación de una encuesta como instrumento de medición de la situación actual presente en Chile. Con la información obtenida, se realizará un estudio a través de un análisis factorial y una modelación por regresión lineal, para así obtener qué factores influyen en el alineamiento y cómo lo hacen, obteniendo de esta manera, la estructura final del modelo. Este modelo podrá entregar un soporte para la implementación de e-business considerando una estrategia específica que logre con éxito el alineamiento estratégico dentro de la empresa.
In the last decades, the fast development of Information Technologies has brought up important changes within the corporations and our everyday life, as well. Nowadays, even the way to perform business deals have changed, being able to make transactions and follow up processes online. All of this has been possible due to the new technology that has become in a standard and very accessible resource, which is being now utilized to support a large variety of e-business processes. Only in Latin America, sales based on e-commerce have doubled in only two years, crushing market projections and opening new and more optimistic opportunities. Nevertheless, Chile is a country that presents a lot of pending challenges for the electronic business, or commerce, because there are only a few companies in the country that have exploited this channel. These companies, however have chosen a specific and different strategy than the one applied to sales through other media. Together with this change a new concept has come up and it is gaining a lot of interest within the research community and the business community, “strategic alignment”, which is based on the adaptation and functional integration of all processes, within the general strategy of the company. For that purpose, it is necessary to have a consistent and coherent strategy to face the internal and external factors affecting firm performance. In this line, the e-business processes must an aligned with the general strategy of the business, due to the fact that its development requires important changes. The implementation of these processes and the ability to turn them into a competitive advantage has been the focus of many discussions during the last decade. This problem and implications have been scarcely in Chile. In this study, I expand our understanding of the effect that the successful implementation of e-business initiatives has over the business performance and the alignment with the general business strategy. To do that a new strategic alignment model is proposed based on Henderson & Venkatraman (1999). This model's approach is based in the information gathered through a survey that will present us with the actual situation in Chile. With the obtained data, I conduct a factorial analysis and a lineal regression analysis to understand which are the factors that influence the alignment and how do they do it. I, finally propose a final model that clearly depicts the relation between the constructs discussed. This model provides support for the implementation of e-business, considering a specific strategy that complies with a successful strategic alignment within the company.
In the last decades, the fast development of Information Technologies has brought up important changes within the corporations and our everyday life, as well. Nowadays, even the way to perform business deals have changed, being able to make transactions and follow up processes online. All of this has been possible due to the new technology that has become in a standard and very accessible resource, which is being now utilized to support a large variety of e-business processes. Only in Latin America, sales based on e-commerce have doubled in only two years, crushing market projections and opening new and more optimistic opportunities. Nevertheless, Chile is a country that presents a lot of pending challenges for the electronic business, or commerce, because there are only a few companies in the country that have exploited this channel. These companies, however have chosen a specific and different strategy than the one applied to sales through other media. Together with this change a new concept has come up and it is gaining a lot of interest within the research community and the business community, “strategic alignment”, which is based on the adaptation and functional integration of all processes, within the general strategy of the company. For that purpose, it is necessary to have a consistent and coherent strategy to face the internal and external factors affecting firm performance. In this line, the e-business processes must an aligned with the general strategy of the business, due to the fact that its development requires important changes. The implementation of these processes and the ability to turn them into a competitive advantage has been the focus of many discussions during the last decade. This problem and implications have been scarcely in Chile. In this study, I expand our understanding of the effect that the successful implementation of e-business initiatives has over the business performance and the alignment with the general business strategy. To do that a new strategic alignment model is proposed based on Henderson & Venkatraman (1999). This model's approach is based in the information gathered through a survey that will present us with the actual situation in Chile. With the obtained data, I conduct a factorial analysis and a lineal regression analysis to understand which are the factors that influence the alignment and how do they do it. I, finally propose a final model that clearly depicts the relation between the constructs discussed. This model provides support for the implementation of e-business, considering a specific strategy that complies with a successful strategic alignment within the company.
Description
Keywords
Sistemas tecnológicos de información, E-business, Alineamiento estratégico
