Thesis MODELACIÓN BIDIMENSIONAL DE ELEMENTOS DE HORMIGÓN ARMADO A TRAVÉS DE ELEMENTOS UNIAXIALES NO LINEALES Y SU COMPARACIÓN CON RESULTADOS EXPERIMENTALES
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Date
2021-01
Authors
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Program
DEPARTAMENTO DE OBRAS CIVILES. INGENIERÍA CIVIL
Campus
Campus San Joaquín, Santiago
Abstract
Este estudio busca simular la respuesta de elementos de hormigón armado mediante modelos numérico-computacional desarrollados en un software comercial. El interés consiste en evaluar hasta qué punto los modelos logran representar dichos elementos.
Así pues, el trabajo es dividido en dos partes: (1) ensayos experimentales y (2) calibración de un modelo numérico.
En la primera parte y para los propósitos de este trabajo, se construyen dos vigas de dimensiones reducidas. Posteriormente a ello, estas son ensayadas mediante una carga monotónica en la mitad de la luz. En paralelo se recopila información gráfica en cada una de las vigas y que posteriormente será utilizada en un análisis de correlación de imágenes digitales (fotogrametría). Por último, se realizan ensayos para obtener las curvas constitutivas de los materiales y de esta forma calibrar los modelos numéricos.
Los resultados de la fotogrametría permiten observar que el patrón de grietas en cada una de las vigas se encuentra en forma diagonal y se relaciona con una falla por corte. Además, es posible visualizar las distorsiones en los planos de deformaciones unitarias horizontales como consecuencia de la formación de grietas. Junto a ello, el apoyo visual del perfil de deformaciones unitarias en direcciones principales es útil para comprender de mejor manera el modo de falla.
Los modelos computacionales son confeccionados con una tipología de enrejado equivalente y el análisis llevado a cabo corresponde a un pushover configurado para controlar desplazamientos. Los resultados indican que en términos globales, los modelos logran aproximarse a la respuesta lineal de los especímenes. Incluso pueden predecir el modo de falla. Sin embargo, dichos modelos no logran homologar con exactitud la respuesta no lineal, ni las deformaciones unitarias horizontales que son
obtenidas de la correlación de imágenes digitales
This study seeks to simulate the response of reinforced concrete elements using numerical-computational models developed in commercial software. The interest consists in evaluating to what extent the models manage to represent these elements. Thus, the work is divided into two parts: (1) experimental tests and (2) calibration of a numerical model. In the first part and for the purposes of this work, two beams of reduced dimensions are built. Subsequently, these are tested by a monotonic load in the middle of the span. In parallel, graphic information is collected in each of the beams and will later be used in correlation analysis of digital images (photogrammetry). Finally, tests are carried out to obtain the constitutive curves of the materials and thus calibrate the numerical models. The results of the photogrammetry allow us to observe that the pattern of cracks in each of the beams is found diagonally and is related to a shear failure. Besides, it is possible to visualize the distortions in the horizontal strain planes as a consequence of cracking. Also, visual support of the strain profile in main directions is useful to better understand the failure mode. The computational models are made with an equivalent truss typology and the analysis carried out corresponds to a pushover configured to control displacements. The results indicate that in global terms, the models manage to approximate the linear response of the specimens. They can even predict the failure mode. However, these models are not able to accurately homologate the non-linear response, nor the horizontal unit deformations that are obtained from the correlation of digital images
This study seeks to simulate the response of reinforced concrete elements using numerical-computational models developed in commercial software. The interest consists in evaluating to what extent the models manage to represent these elements. Thus, the work is divided into two parts: (1) experimental tests and (2) calibration of a numerical model. In the first part and for the purposes of this work, two beams of reduced dimensions are built. Subsequently, these are tested by a monotonic load in the middle of the span. In parallel, graphic information is collected in each of the beams and will later be used in correlation analysis of digital images (photogrammetry). Finally, tests are carried out to obtain the constitutive curves of the materials and thus calibrate the numerical models. The results of the photogrammetry allow us to observe that the pattern of cracks in each of the beams is found diagonally and is related to a shear failure. Besides, it is possible to visualize the distortions in the horizontal strain planes as a consequence of cracking. Also, visual support of the strain profile in main directions is useful to better understand the failure mode. The computational models are made with an equivalent truss typology and the analysis carried out corresponds to a pushover configured to control displacements. The results indicate that in global terms, the models manage to approximate the linear response of the specimens. They can even predict the failure mode. However, these models are not able to accurately homologate the non-linear response, nor the horizontal unit deformations that are obtained from the correlation of digital images
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Keywords
FOTOGRAMETRIA, HORMIGÓN -- ENSAYOS, HORMIGÓN -- CRAQUEO