Thesis Migración de la fase sólida de pulpas sedimentables en ductos de larga distancia
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Date
2021
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Program
Ingeniería Civil
Departament
Campus
Campus Santiago San Joaquín
Abstract
En la industria minera, ante ciertas variaciones operacionales o emergencias externas se hace necesario detener el transporte de pulpa de concentrado de cobre. En este escenario, bajo la detención del transporte hidráulico, se genera una separación entre la fase sólida y la fase líquida de la pulpa mineral, producto de la sedimentación de partículas, formando un lecho de sedimento en la parte inferior de la tubería. En el caso de que la pendiente de la tubería sea suficientemente grande, las partículas sólidas comienzan a deslizar entre ellas, migrando hacia zonas de baja pendiente y/o puntos bajos del trazado, lo que corresponde a la migración de partículas sólidas. La ocurrencia de este fenómeno genera problemas operacionales durante el reinicio del transporte de pulpa, provocados principalmente por el aumento de densidad de la pulpa en los puntos bajos del trazado.
En estudios anteriores se ha abordado este problema a través de dos enfoques: empleando simulaciones numéricas, complementadas experimentalmente con pulpas idealizadas y con modelos predictivos generados a partir de datos operacionales.
En este trabajo, el enfoque fue analizar la validez del procedimiento de ensayo utilizado actualmente, para evaluar si es posible resuspender las partículas de concentrado de cobre ante una detención. Para esto, se ajustaron algunas características del equipo y la metodología del ensayo, y se implementaron un sistema de extracción de muestras y un sistema de procesamiento de imágenes para describir de mejor forma la mecánica de la migración de partículas y de esta forma, determinar la influencia tanto de la pendiente del trazado como de la concentración de partículas sólidas.
In the mining industry, when faced with certain operational variations or external emergencies, it becomes necessary to stop the transport of copper concentrate slurry. In this scenario, when the hydraulic transport is stopped, a separation is generated between the solid phase and the liquid phase of the mineral pulp, due to the sedimentation of particles, forming a sediment bed in the lower part of the pipeline. In the event that the slope of the pipe is sufficiently large, the solid particles begin to slide between them, migrating towards areas of low slope and/or low points of the route, which corresponds to the migration of solid particles. The occurrence of this phenomenon generates operational problems during the restart of the slurry transport, mainly caused by the increase of slurry density in the low points of the route. Previous studies have addressed this problem through two approaches: through numerical simulations, experimentally complemented with idealized slurries, and with predictive models generated from operational data. In this work, the approach was to analyze the validity of the test procedure currently used to evaluate whether it is possible to resuspend copper concentrate particles upon detention. For this purpose, some features of the equipment and the test methodology were adjusted, and a sample extraction system and an image processing system were implemented to better describe the mechanics of particle migration and thus determine the influence of both the slope of the trace and the concentration of solid particles.
In the mining industry, when faced with certain operational variations or external emergencies, it becomes necessary to stop the transport of copper concentrate slurry. In this scenario, when the hydraulic transport is stopped, a separation is generated between the solid phase and the liquid phase of the mineral pulp, due to the sedimentation of particles, forming a sediment bed in the lower part of the pipeline. In the event that the slope of the pipe is sufficiently large, the solid particles begin to slide between them, migrating towards areas of low slope and/or low points of the route, which corresponds to the migration of solid particles. The occurrence of this phenomenon generates operational problems during the restart of the slurry transport, mainly caused by the increase of slurry density in the low points of the route. Previous studies have addressed this problem through two approaches: through numerical simulations, experimentally complemented with idealized slurries, and with predictive models generated from operational data. In this work, the approach was to analyze the validity of the test procedure currently used to evaluate whether it is possible to resuspend copper concentrate particles upon detention. For this purpose, some features of the equipment and the test methodology were adjusted, and a sample extraction system and an image processing system were implemented to better describe the mechanics of particle migration and thus determine the influence of both the slope of the trace and the concentration of solid particles.
Description
Keywords
Transporte hidráulico, Sólidos, Acarreo minero
