Thesis Caracterización del mercado de los cobots y oportunidades para la industria chilena
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Date
2026-07-23
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Program
Ingeniería Civil Industrial
Departament
Campus
Campus Casa Central Valparaíso
Abstract
Esta memoria caracteriza el mercado de los robots colaborativos y analiza sus oportunidades de incorporación en Chile. El estudio combina una revisión documental con información económica, laboral y productiva proveniente de fuentes nacionales, además de un benchmarking de aplicaciones internacionales. Para comparar las actividades económicas se construyó una matriz multicriterio que considera la participación en el PIB, la orientación exportadora, el empleo, la seguridad laboral, el nivel de manufactura, la compatibilidad técnica y una justificación económica preliminar. Los resultados ubican a la industria manufacturera como la actividad con mayor relevancia para la adopción de cobots, con un puntaje de 0,71, seguida por la minería con 0,68 y la construcción con 0,57. La manufactura destaca por la presencia de tareas repetitivas y estandarizables, su alta compatibilidad técnica y la existencia de evidencia sobre mejoras productivas, ergonómicas y económicas. El benchmarking identifica oportunidades en ensamblaje, carga y descarga de máquinas, soldadura, inspección, control de calidad, empaque, paletizado y acabado de superficies. Para Chile, los subsectores con mejor ajuste inicial son alimentos, productos metálicos y maquinaria, plásticos, caucho, madera y muebles. La investigación concluye que la incorporación no debe comenzar con la compra del equipo, sino con la selección de una tarea concreta, la comparación con alternativas manuales y robotizadas, una prueba conceptual y un piloto medible. El escalamiento debe considerar el costo total de integración, la seguridad de la aplicación completa, la participación de los trabajadores y la formación de capacidades internas. Los resultados corresponden a una orientación estratégica y requieren validación mediante casos empresariales y pruebas en condiciones chilenas.
This thesis characterizes the market for collaborative robots (cobots) and analyzes the opportunities for their incorporation in Chile. The study combines a literature review with economic, labor, and productive information from national sources, alongside a benchmarking of international applications. To compare economic activities, a multi-criteria matrix was developed, considering GDP share, export orientation, employment, occupational safety, manufacturing level, technical compatibility, and a preliminary economic justification. The results position the manufacturing industry as the most relevant activity for cobot adoption with a score of 0.71, followed by mining with 0.68 and construction with 0.57. Manufacturing stands out due to the presence of repetitive and standardizable tasks, high technical compatibility, and evidence of productive, ergonomic, and economic improvements. The benchmarking identifies opportunities in assembly, machine tending, welding, inspection, quality control, packaging, palletizing, and surface finishing. For Chile, the subsectors with the best initial fit are food, metal products and machinery, plastics, rubber, wood, and furniture. The research concludes that the implementation process should not begin with purchasing the equipment, but rather with selecting a specific task, comparing it with manual and automated alternatives, conducting a proof of concept, and running a measurable pilot. Scaling up must consider the total cost of integration, the safety of the complete application, worker participation, and the development of internal capabilities. These results provide a strategic orientation and require further validation through experimental cases and testing under Chilean conditions.
This thesis characterizes the market for collaborative robots (cobots) and analyzes the opportunities for their incorporation in Chile. The study combines a literature review with economic, labor, and productive information from national sources, alongside a benchmarking of international applications. To compare economic activities, a multi-criteria matrix was developed, considering GDP share, export orientation, employment, occupational safety, manufacturing level, technical compatibility, and a preliminary economic justification. The results position the manufacturing industry as the most relevant activity for cobot adoption with a score of 0.71, followed by mining with 0.68 and construction with 0.57. Manufacturing stands out due to the presence of repetitive and standardizable tasks, high technical compatibility, and evidence of productive, ergonomic, and economic improvements. The benchmarking identifies opportunities in assembly, machine tending, welding, inspection, quality control, packaging, palletizing, and surface finishing. For Chile, the subsectors with the best initial fit are food, metal products and machinery, plastics, rubber, wood, and furniture. The research concludes that the implementation process should not begin with purchasing the equipment, but rather with selecting a specific task, comparing it with manual and automated alternatives, conducting a proof of concept, and running a measurable pilot. Scaling up must consider the total cost of integration, the safety of the complete application, worker participation, and the development of internal capabilities. These results provide a strategic orientation and require further validation through experimental cases and testing under Chilean conditions.
Description
Keywords
Robots colaborativos, Cobots, Integración tecnológica, Industria manufacturera
