Thesis DISEÑO DE UN SISTEMA DE MEDICIÓN Y CONTROL DE LA PRODUCTIVIDAD EN UN CENTRO DE MANTENIMIENTO AERONÁUTICO.
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Date
2010-10
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Program
INGENIERÍA EN AVIACIÓN COMERCIAL
Campus
Campus Vitacura, Santiago
Abstract
El mantenimiento aeronáutico es un servicio intensivo en mano de obra, por lo cual el modo en que se utiliza y aprovecha este insumo en un Centro de Mantenimiento Aeronáutico representa la capacidad productiva de éste.
Para llevar a cabo la medición de la productividad, el sistema diseñado consiste en la facilitación de la cuantificación y el registro de las horas-hombre utilizadas y disponibles en el Centro de Mantenimiento, para cierto período de tiempo, lo que se cumple con las siguientes medidas: Relacionar a todo el personal del Centro de Mantenimiento Aeronáutico con el concepto y la importancia de la productividad. Proveer al personal el tiempo y los espacios necesarios para que puedan completar la documentación para medir la productividad. Adecuar dicha documentación para facilitar la cuantificación de Horas-hombre. Ofrecer charlas que permitan mejorar la comprensión del personal ante la cuantificación y registro de las Horas-hombre. La aplicación de estas medidas busca mejorar las falencias de cuantificación y registro de Horas-hombre producidas por problemas de desempeño del personal, como lo son la repetición de procedimientos y pérdida de tiempo en tareas externas al trabajo, que generan confusión y tienden a mal interpretar el tiempo realmente trabajado.
Además, ante la existencia de tiempos muertos o set-up, que se producen por la paralización de las tareas por causas externas al personal de mantenimiento y afectan a la medición de la productividad, se presentan dos alternativas a seguir: No incluir los Set-upen la medición de la productividad, lo que representa el real uso de la mano de obra disponible, toda vez que no se consideran horas de paralización. Incluir los Set-upen la medición, lo que genera el índice real de productividad para todo el Centro de Mantenimiento, que incluye todos los eventos que afectan a sus procesos. La selección de una de estas alternativas depende de las condiciones que afectan al Centro de Mantenimiento, como lo son los objetivos, políticas y estrategias, en el ámbito interno; y condiciones geográficas y situación de la industria, en el ámbito externo. El sistema de control de la productividad busca generar un flujo de información desde el nivel operario hacia la gerencia y viceversa. Este sistema se compone de: Una política de retroalimentación que permita reconocer causas y proponer mejoras. Involucrar y comprometer a la Alta Gerencia en la medición de la productividad, así los empleados evidencian que sus esfuerzos por mejorar la productividad son valorados. Involucrar a Control de Calidad en el proceso de medición y control de la productividad, lo que busca estandarizar el proceso de medición, fomentar la mejora continua y facilitar la adaptación de los empleados con el proceso de medición. Estas medidas y propuestas son elaboradas a partir de análisis de conceptos y teorías relacionadas con productividad y los métodos existentes para su medición, tanto a nivel de organización como en el ámbito económico, y han sido llevadas al ámbito del mantenimiento aeronáutico, de acuerdo a las características de los procesos que se llevan a cabo en un Centro de Mantenimiento Aeronáutico.
Aeronautic maintenance is a labor intensive service, so the way that input is used and taken in an AircraftMaintenance Center represents itsproductive capacity. To perform productivity measurement, the designed system consists in facilitatethe quantification and recording of used and available man-hours in an Aircraft Maintenance Center, for a certain period of time, thus fulfills through the following measures:Involve the whole Aircraft Maintenance Center staff with the concept and importance of productivity.Provide the staff with time and space necessary to complete the documentation aboutproductivitymeasurement.To adapt the documentation to facilitate the quantification of man-hours.Give talks to improve the staff understanding aboutthe quantification and recording of man-hours.The implementation of these measures aims to improve the shortcomings of quantification and recording of man-hours caused by staff performance problems, such as the duplication of procedures and loss of time on tasks outside work, which generate confusion and tend to misinterpret the time actually worked. Moreover, given the existence of dead time or set-up, produced by the stoppage of work due to external causes,and affect the productivity measurement, there are two alternatives tofollow:Do not include Set-up in productivity measurement, which represents the actual use of available labor, since thereare not considered hours of downtime.Include Set-up in the measurement, which generates the actual rate of productivity for all theMaintenance Center, which includes all events that affect their processes.The selection of these alternatives depends on the conditions affecting the maintenance center, as are the objectives, policies and strategies, at the domestic level;and geographic and industry situation,in the external environment.The productivitycontrol system seeks to generate flow of information from operator to management level and vice versa. This system consists of:A feedback policy,which recognizes causes and suggest improvements.Involve and engage the management level in productivity measurement, and show employees that their efforts to improve productivity are valued.Involve Quality Control in the process of measuring and monitoring productivity, this seeks to standardize the measurement process, promoting continuous improvement and facilitate the adaptation of workers with the measurement process.These measures and proposals are drawn from analysis of concepts and theories related to productivity and methods for their measurementat both,the organizational level as in the economic field, and they have been taken to the field of aircraft maintenance, according to the characteristics of the processes taking place in an Aircraft Maintenance Center.
Aeronautic maintenance is a labor intensive service, so the way that input is used and taken in an AircraftMaintenance Center represents itsproductive capacity. To perform productivity measurement, the designed system consists in facilitatethe quantification and recording of used and available man-hours in an Aircraft Maintenance Center, for a certain period of time, thus fulfills through the following measures:Involve the whole Aircraft Maintenance Center staff with the concept and importance of productivity.Provide the staff with time and space necessary to complete the documentation aboutproductivitymeasurement.To adapt the documentation to facilitate the quantification of man-hours.Give talks to improve the staff understanding aboutthe quantification and recording of man-hours.The implementation of these measures aims to improve the shortcomings of quantification and recording of man-hours caused by staff performance problems, such as the duplication of procedures and loss of time on tasks outside work, which generate confusion and tend to misinterpret the time actually worked. Moreover, given the existence of dead time or set-up, produced by the stoppage of work due to external causes,and affect the productivity measurement, there are two alternatives tofollow:Do not include Set-up in productivity measurement, which represents the actual use of available labor, since thereare not considered hours of downtime.Include Set-up in the measurement, which generates the actual rate of productivity for all theMaintenance Center, which includes all events that affect their processes.The selection of these alternatives depends on the conditions affecting the maintenance center, as are the objectives, policies and strategies, at the domestic level;and geographic and industry situation,in the external environment.The productivitycontrol system seeks to generate flow of information from operator to management level and vice versa. This system consists of:A feedback policy,which recognizes causes and suggest improvements.Involve and engage the management level in productivity measurement, and show employees that their efforts to improve productivity are valued.Involve Quality Control in the process of measuring and monitoring productivity, this seeks to standardize the measurement process, promoting continuous improvement and facilitate the adaptation of workers with the measurement process.These measures and proposals are drawn from analysis of concepts and theories related to productivity and methods for their measurementat both,the organizational level as in the economic field, and they have been taken to the field of aircraft maintenance, according to the characteristics of the processes taking place in an Aircraft Maintenance Center.
Description
Keywords
PRODUCTIVIDAD INDUSTRIAL, MANTENIMIENTO AERONAUTICO