Thesis DISCUSIÓN, PROPUESTAS Y ANÁLISIS A LA MODIFICACIÓN DEL REGLAMENTO DEL SISTEMA DE EVALUACIÓN DE IMPACTO AMBIENTAL
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Date
2017
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Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María UTFSM. Casa Central Valparaíso
Abstract
El Sistema de Evaluación de Impacto Ambiental (SEIA) es un instrumento de gestión ambientalde gran importancia en Chile, que se encuentra regido por el Servicio de Evaluación Ambiental, y quetiene por finalidad evitar el deterioro ambiental generado por diferentes proyectos y actividades.En esta memoria, se realiza una discusión y análisis sobre los cambios de que haexperimentado el SEIA a través del tiempo. El estudio se basa en una comparación entre losdiferentes reglamentos que forman parte de este sistema, D.S. N° 95/2002 y D.S. N° 40/2013, asícomo la propuesta realizada por la Comisión Asesora de la Presidencia en el informe final, publicadoel año 2016.Además, se ha brindado una discusión crítica sobre este tema, que puede ser utilizada paraproponer recomendaciones para futuras regulaciones.Finalmente, en base a la información recopilada a lo largo de este documento, y agregando elanálisis crítico realizado, se llega a la conclusión de que el SEIA, si bien ha ido evolucionando demanera positiva a lo largo de los años, al incluir y mejorar ciertos aspectos medulares, se sigueconsiderando que existen falencias importantes, por lo que se hace necesario un estudio enprofundidad de varios puntos, siendo algunos de ellos: contenidos de EIA y DIA, importancia delcapítulo Línea de Base, participación ciudadana, consulta indígena, temáticas de la RCA, criterio deingreso al SEIA, entre otros. Junto a lo anterior, se considera que una buena herramienta paraconseguir participación activa por parte de la ciudadanía, y con ello se incluye a las comunidadesindígenas, es que el proceso de consulta sea vinculante, estimulando a las diferentes comunidades aser partícipes, de manera que sientan que su voz es realmente escuchada. Además, se concluye queel próximo Reglamento podría ser generado, entre otras cosas, a partir de la realización de unaConsulta Ciudadana que aporte información respecto a los reales intereses de las comunidades.
The Environmental Impact Assessment System (SEIA, in spanish) is an important instrument,governed by the chilean Environmental Assessment Service, to avoid the environmental deteriorationgenerated by different projects and activities.In this thesis, it has been made an analysis about the SEIA changes across time. The study isbased on a comparison between the different regulations that form part of this system as well as theproposal given by the Advisory Committee of the Presidency in the final report of 2016.A critical discussion about this topic has also been provided, which can be used to proposerecommendations for future regulations.Finally, it is concluded that SEIA has positively evolved over the years, by including andimproving certain crucial aspects, but there are still important shortcomings, requiring an in-depthstudy of some points: EIA and DIA contents, Importance of the chapter LINEA DE BASE, citizenparticipation, indigenous consultation, RCA themes, entry criteria to SEIA, among others. In addition,a good tool to get active participation of citizens and indigenous communities, is that the consultationprocess is binding, encouraging the different communities to be participants, so that their voice isreally heard. Also, it is concluded that the next Regulation could be generated from a CitizenConsultation that provides information regarding the real interests of the people.
The Environmental Impact Assessment System (SEIA, in spanish) is an important instrument,governed by the chilean Environmental Assessment Service, to avoid the environmental deteriorationgenerated by different projects and activities.In this thesis, it has been made an analysis about the SEIA changes across time. The study isbased on a comparison between the different regulations that form part of this system as well as theproposal given by the Advisory Committee of the Presidency in the final report of 2016.A critical discussion about this topic has also been provided, which can be used to proposerecommendations for future regulations.Finally, it is concluded that SEIA has positively evolved over the years, by including andimproving certain crucial aspects, but there are still important shortcomings, requiring an in-depthstudy of some points: EIA and DIA contents, Importance of the chapter LINEA DE BASE, citizenparticipation, indigenous consultation, RCA themes, entry criteria to SEIA, among others. In addition,a good tool to get active participation of citizens and indigenous communities, is that the consultationprocess is binding, encouraging the different communities to be participants, so that their voice isreally heard. Also, it is concluded that the next Regulation could be generated from a CitizenConsultation that provides information regarding the real interests of the people.
Description
Catalogado desde la version PDF de la tesis.
Keywords
ANALISIS COMPARADO, COMISION ASESORA DE LA PRESIDENCIA, RSEIA, SEIA